肛瘘术后复发的原因分析

肛瘘不能自愈 ,必须手术治疗。肛瘘术后复发率较高 ,复发率约为 1%～ 10 %。病因、术前处理、手术方式及术后处理的不同 ,均与术后效果有密切关系。现将有关因素分述如下。一、病因与术后复发的关系大多数肛瘘为肛管直肠周围的化脓性感染所引起 ,这类由化脓感染引起的肛瘘占所有肛瘘的 90 %以上。其他引起肛瘘的病因有结核、溃疡性结肠炎、克隆氏病及外伤等。我院近 3年来收治的近 2 0 0例肛瘘中 ,化脓性肛瘘占 95 .2 % ,而结核性肛瘘仅 9例 ,占 4.7%。溃疡性结肠炎及克隆氏病所引起者在欧美、日本等国家较多见 ,约占 10 %左右。就病因而言 …     

肾移植术后IgA肾病复发危险因素分析

目的 探讨肾移植术后IgA肾病复发的危险因素.方法 选取2008年1月—2019年12月在郑州人民医院器官移植中心接受肾移植的149例原发病为IgA肾病的肾衰竭患者为研究对象.根据程序性肾活检结果,将肾移植后是否有IgAN复发分为复发组(40例)和未复发组(109例).分别记录两组患者的性别、年龄、供体类型、透析时间、...     

脊柱结核术后复发危险因素的分析

目的：探讨脊柱结核术后复发的危险因素。方法：将1995年1月～2005年1月脊柱结核术后复发的59例患者临床资料与同期术后未复发的216例脊柱结核患者的资料对比，应用Logistic回归分析比较两组患者的年龄、性别、自身营养状况、合并脊柱外结核情况、病灶范围、手术清除病灶是否彻底、手术前及手术后是否正规化疗、手术后病灶部位是否严格制动、术前是否存在其它合并症、术后是否存在其它并发症与术后脊柱结核复发的相关强度．推测可能导致术后脊柱结核复发的危险因素。结果：手术前及手术后不能坚持正规化疗、手术后病灶部位未严格制动、手术清除病灶不彻底、自身营养不良、病灶范围广5个因素与术后脊柱结核复发有显著相关性（P〈0．05）。结论：术前及术后正规化疗、加强营养、术中病灶清除彻底、术后病灶部位严格制动是预防和减少脊柱结核术后复发的关键。     

早期肝癌病人术后复发危险因素分析

目的:分析影响早期肝癌术后复发的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析2002年1月至2004年12月手术切除并获得随访的197例经组织学确认为早期肝癌(单发,≤5 cm,无淋巴结及远处转移,无门静脉癌栓)病人,利用K-M生存曲线分析来评估不同组病人的复发差异,采用COX比例风险回归模型来研究与早期肝癌复发相关的危险因素。结果:197例病人中,肿瘤的中位直径为2.8 cm,肿瘤直径>2 cm的病人占58.4%,病人血清AFP阳性(>100 ng/mL)占47.7%,病理结果提示有微血管癌栓(MVI)者为32.5%。术后中位复发时间(TTR)为28.5个月,总体复发率为59.4%。术后1、3、5年的累积复发率分别为26.4%、55.6%、66.0%。我们建立了一个包含3组的早期肝癌复发评估系统,组中位TTR和1、3、5年复发率分别为:0分组(40.9个月和9.9%、26.7%、41.7%)、1分组(31.1个月和14.1%、50.1%、63.0%)、2～3分组(18.9个月和48%、71.8%、89.1%)(P<0.001)。结论:肿瘤大小、AFP水平和MVI是早期肝癌术后复发的独立危险因素。在不同危险因素存在的情况下,早期肝癌病人的复发时间差异明显。     

复杂性肛瘘术后复发原因分析及预防

为探讨复杂性肛瘘复发的主要原因和防治措施,回顾分析2005-2009年收治的900例复杂性肛瘘中20例复发患者的临床资料,针对复发原因进行分析。结果显示,内口遗漏和处理不当,挂线方法不正确,支管遗漏和引流不畅为肛瘘复发的主要原因,通过以上原因分析,提出预防措施,可提高复杂性肛瘘的诊疗水平。     

肝癌肝移植术后复发的危险因素及预防

原发性肝癌作为肝移植的主要适应证之一,经历了肯定、被否定和再认识的发展过程。在肝移植的起始阶段,原发性肝癌曾作为主要的适应证,但由于对适应证标准的掌握不够严格、科学,许多晚期肝癌病例进入了肝移植的适应范围,使肝移植的远期生存率降低。20世纪80年代,对肝癌的肝移植治疗由于高复发率和3年存活率不超过30%而使人气馁;20世纪90年代初期,Iwatsuki等和Bisumuth等确定了与复发相关的临床病理学危险因子并进而由Mazzafero等发展为Milan标准。尽管Milan标准在全世界范围内的采用使肝癌肝移植5年生存率已达50%以上,但肝癌肝移植的复发仍…     

复杂性肛瘘术后复发的原因及其预防

目的：探讨复杂性肛瘘复发的主要原因和防治措施。方法：回顾性分析850例复杂性肛瘘中17例复发患者的临床资料。结果：内口遗漏和处理不当、挂线方法不正确、支管遗漏和引流不畅为主要复发原因。结论：复杂性肛瘘手术后成功的关键是选择适当的手术方法。     

胆囊结石合并胆总管结石术后复发的危险因素分析

目的：探讨内镜手术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者复发的相关影响因素。 方法：回顾性分析2010年1月—2012年12月应用内镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石99例患者（51例行腹腔镜下胆囊切除+胆总管切开取石术,48例行腹腔镜下胆囊切除+十二指肠镜乳头切开取石术）的临床与随访资料,对影响结石复发的相关因素行单因素与多因素分析。 结果：术后共19例患者复发,复发率为19.19%。单因素分析显示,术后结石复发与年龄、黄疸、胆管扩张、胆总管直径、结石最大直径、结石数目、胆管、胰腺炎症以及手术类型等因素有关（均P<0.05）,Logistic多因素回归分析发现,年龄（OR=2.692,P=0.011）、胆总管直径（OR=2.249,P=0.022）、结石数量（OR=2.647,P=0.017）、结石最大直径（OR=2.348,P=0.009）、合并炎症（OR=2.801,P=0.013）、手术类型（OR=2.421,P=0.018）是结石复发的独立危险因素。 结论：内镜手术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石术后结石复发受多种因素影响,应当根据具体情况采用有针对性措施降低复发率。     

受体相关肝移植术后乙肝复发的危险因素分析

目的 本研究旨在探讨影响受体相关肝移植术后乙肝复发的危险因素.方法 回顾性搜集、随访、分析北京朝阳医院2013—2019年7年中连续320例有乙肝病史并行肝移植手术治疗的患者的临床资料,搜集可能与乙肝复发有关的围术期参数,并对可能影响患者术后乙肝复发的危险因素进行分析.结果 在320例患者中,原发疾病为乙肝所致肝恶性肿...     

Risk factors for recurrence and incontinence after anal fistula surgery

Objective Fistula‐in‐ano continues to raise problems that require important therapeutic decisions. Our aim was to evaluate its recurrence and incontinence risk factors. Method We analysed a series of 279 patients who had undergone anal fistula surgery with long‐term follow‐up. Results 42.7% of the fistulae were considered complex and 46% had been referred from other institutions. There was delayed healing or recurrence in 7.2% patients, which appeared at a median of 4 months. The factors associated with recurrence were the type of fistula (extrasphincteric/suprasphincteric), nonidentification of internal opening (IO), recurrent or complex fistulae (CF), and associated chronic abscess. Only CF and nonidentification of IO were statistically significant in the multivariate analysis. Preoperative incontinence was a risk factor for postoperative incontinence, as were suprasphincteric, recurrent and CF. The age and gender of the patient did not influence postoperative continence, nor did the surgeon or surgical technique appear as a risk factor, although after excluding preoperative incontinent patients, fistulotomy was the technique that showed a higher risk of incontinence. Multivariate analysis only confirmed previous incontinence as a RF. Conclusion The overall recurrence rate is acceptable, but high fistulae continue to be difficult to treat. IO identification is also essential for obtaining good results. It is important to identify the patients with preoperative incontinence as they are at a greater risk of deterioration after surgery.     

改良经括约肌间瘘管结扎术治疗括约肌间型及经括约肌型肛瘘的临床效果研究

目的：观察改良经括约肌瘘管结扎术（MLIFT）治疗括约肌间型肛瘘（ISAF）及经括约肌型肛瘘（TSAF）的疗效。方法：选取2016年1月1日—2020年12月31日上海市宝山区中西医结合医院肛肠科收治的190例TSAF和ISAF患者,随机分为治疗组（行MLIFT术）、对照组（行肛瘘切开挂线术）,术后常规清创、换药治疗;比较两组术后第1、3、7、14、21、30天的创面疼痛(VAS)、创面出血、肛门坠胀感、尿潴留及肛门控便能力(FISI)评分,比较两组治愈率及复发率情况,比较两组患者术前及术后1年的肛管静息压、肛管收缩压及肛管排便压的差异。结果：治疗组、对照组治愈率分别为87.37%、94.75%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组、对照组复发率分别为7.37%、2.11%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第1、3、7天,治疗组VAS评分、创面出血和术后第14天创面出血评分均高于对照组(P <0.01);术后第1、7天,治疗组患者肛门坠胀评分和术后第1天尿潴留评分明显低于对照组(P <0.01);术后1年,治疗组患者肛管收缩压及肛管排便压明显高于对照组...     

The outcome of surgery for complex anal fistula

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the results of surgery for complex anal fistulas treated by a variety of techniques, in terms of fistula healing, recurrent anal sepsis and effect of surgery on anal continence. Patients and methods This study included 63 patients with complex fistulas treated between November 1995 and September 1999. A variety of techniques were employed, including short‐term loose seton drain (12), long‐term loose seton drain (11), cutting seton (17), and rectal advancement flap (19). Outcome was assessed at clinic review and continence was further assessed by detailed questionnaire sent to the patients sometime after surgery. Results Healing occurred in 9 (75%) patients treated with a short‐term, loose drainage seton; 16 (94%) patients treated with a cutting seton and 17 (89%) patients in the rectal advancement flap group. Incontinence reported at clinic review seemed to be more frequent in the advancement flap group. However, a detailed continence questionnaire revealed that 50% of patients reported episodes of incontinence to flatus or liquid after all techniques, which had not been detected at routine clinical review. Incontinence to solids was only reported by two of the patients who had been treated with a cutting seton. Conclusions Complex fistulas may be successfully treated by a variety of techniques. Disturbed anal continence following surgery is common and worse than clinic assessment would suggest.     

Incontinence rates after cutting seton treatment for anal fistula

Objective  To determine the incidence of anal incontinence after the use of cutting seton treatment for anal fistula.
Method  Literature searches were performed on PubMed, MEDLINE and Google^™ Scholar using the words 'cutting seton(s)', 'seton(s)' and 'anal fistula'. An analysis of the data in the collected references was performed.
Results  The average rate of incontinence following cutting seton use was 12%. The rate of incontinence increased as the location of the internal opening of the fistula moved more proximally. In the studies that described the types of incontinence, liquid stool was the most common followed closely by flatus incontinence. Incontinence associated with the treatment of fistulas defined as nonspecific cryptoglandular in nature was 18%.
Conclusion  The high incontinence rates that result from the use of cutting setons suggest that this commonly used therapy can damage the continence musculature. Other techniques that do not involve cutting the sphincter, when available, should be preferred, especially for higher fistulas.     

Prognostic factors of recurrence after vesicovaginal fistula repair

PURPOSE: We evaluate the prognostic factors of recurrence in patients after the surgical repair of vesicovaginal fistula. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1985 to 2002, 73 women with vesicovaginal fistula underwent late (> 3 months) surgical repair. A multivariate analysis of the data was performed with the EPI-INFO software. All P-values were two-sided, with odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: A total number of 73 patients underwent 97 procedures with a mean rate of 1.38 procedures/patient. The overall surgical success rate was 86.7%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that recurrence was statistically significant for multiple fistulas (single vs two or more), fistula size (>10 mm), fistula type (Type I vs Type II), fistula etiology (obstetrical vs non-obstetrical) and the presence of urinary tract infection before the repair. Recurrence risk was fivefold higher for both the size and the type of the fistula, threefold higher for obstetrical etiology and 4.5-fold higher for multiple fistula. The interposition of flaps was a protective factor for recurrent cases. The surgical approach was not a significant prognostic factor of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Successful closure of a vesicovaginal fistula requires an accurate and a timely repair using procedures that exploit basic surgical principles. Multiple fistula, size and type of the fistula, and obstetrical etiology were the recurrence risk factors. We recommend in all patients with multiple risk factors for recurrence, the interposition of flaps.     

量化传统挂线疗法对高位肛瘘术后肛门功能影响的研究

目的 观察高位肛瘘术中不同程度挂线后肛门功能改变情况.方法 本研究共观察病例45例,分为3组,每组15例,均行低位切开高位挂线手术,以挂线勒割肌束收紧长度为分组观察依据.结果 肛管压力下降以静息压为著,1/4组下降为(15.09±2.91)%,1/3组为(24.77±1.15)%,1/2组为(33.32±1.91)%,...     

Ano-cutaneous flap repair for complex and recurrent supra-sphincteric anal fistula.

BACKGROUND: Suprasphincteric fistulae remain the most difficult to cure. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing rate of suprasphincteric anal fistula treated by ano-cutaneous advancement flap repair, and the impact of this procedure on continence and quality of life. METHOD: Sixteen patients with complex, recurrent or chronic suprasphincteric fistulae associated with significant tissue damage (necrotizing fasciitis, keyhole deformity and anal stenosis) or who had failed previous surgical procedures were treated by ano-cutaneous flap closure. They were assessed pre and postoperatively by the treating surgeon for wound healing and fistula recurrence and later followed up by phone interview using the St Mark's Hospital incontinence score and the Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI) as indicators of treatment outcome. RESULTS: Fifteen patients had successful healing of their fistula with the cutaneous flap, with recurrence in only one. The most common short-term complications were minor graft site wound separation, which healed in all cases without intervention, and wound pain, which settled over time and was not associated with recurrence. Continence improved for almost 70% of the patients, with a significant reduction in St Mark's incontinence scores (t = 2.62, 15 d.f., P = 0.02). PDAI also decreased significantly (t = 7.55, 15 d.f., P < 0.001), demonstrating improvement in quality of life for most patients. CONCLUSION: Ano-cutaneous flap can achieve healing of complex and recurrent suprasphincteric anal fistula in patients who had previously failed at other forms of treatment thus improving their quality of life and continence.     

Risk factors for intrahepatic recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Background

Long-term survival after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma is still poor because of tumor recurrence especially in the liver remnant. The risk factors for intrahepatic recurrence after liver resection are studied in our cohort of patients.

Methods

A retrospective analysis from a prospective database was performed on 76 consecutive successful hepatectomies for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Results

Twenty-two patients had intrahepatic recurrence. The following were not found to be risk factors for recurrence: age, sex, race, number of segments resected, and mean operating time. By using multivariate analysis, serum aspartate transaminase level, more than 1 hepatocellular carcinoma nodule, and presence of tumor thrombi were found to be significant risk factors.

Conclusion

Patients who with these risk factors should undergo close follow-up to detect recurrence early; treatment with reresection, chemoembolization, or radiofrequency ablation can be considered.     

Anal fistula plug in the treatment of anal fistula: Local experience in Chinese patients

Background: Anal fistula plug was recently introduced as an alternative treatment for anal fistula. However, there is, so far, no published data on the use of the anal fistula plug both locally and in the Chinese population. Methods: From January 2007 to July 2008, consecutive Chinese patients with transphincteric or suprasphincteric anal fistula scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled. Anal fistula plug was used if examination under anaesthesia reviewed an internal opening. Baseline manometry pressure study was carried out for patients with recurrent fistulae. The operative technique was standardized. Measured outcomes included healing and recurrence rates, operating time, length of stay, and time for patients to return to work or normal activity. Results: Eleven patients underwent anal fistula plug placement, with a median follow up of 19 months. Five had completely healed fistulae, including three patients with recurrent fistulae. The success rate was 45 per cent. In the three patients with recurrent fistulae, no significant difference was demonstrated in the resting pressure between preoperative and postoperative values. There is an observable trend that proportionally more recurrent fistulae were healed by anal fistulae plug placement when compared to primary fistulae (100% vs 25%); the difference, however, did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.06, Fisher's exact test). At the conclusion of this study, no recurrence was noted in the five patients with confirmed healing. Conclusions: Our preliminary experience indicates anal fistula plug placement is safe and non-invasive. However, the efficacy appears lower than initially reported. Based on our data the routine use of an anal fistula plug cannot be recommended. In our opinion, anal fistula plug placement can be considered in patients with more complex, high fistulae and in those who have recurrent fistulae despite previous surgery. It provides a non-invasive alternative in these patients, in whom postoperative incontinence is a real concern.