改良Miccoli模式内镜甲状腺手术

1997年,意大利医师Paul Miccoli报道了一种新颖的手术操作设计：经前下颈单一小切口入路,在内镜辅助下行甲状旁腺瘤切除[1]。该术式的亮点是利用内镜的＂窥视＂和放大成像来部分替代肉眼直视,并由此大幅缩小了切口,免除了翻瓣。鉴于术式运用可明显减少操作性创伤和颈部外观毁损,     

改良Miccoli术式内镜甲状腺手术

<正>1997年意大利医师Miccoli报道了一种新颖的手术设计,经颈前下单一小切口入路,在内镜辅助下行甲状旁腺瘤切除术[1]。此术式的亮点是利用内镜的"窥视"和放大成像部分替代肉眼直视,并由此大幅缩小切口、免除了翻瓣。此术式可明显减少操     

内镜甲状腺手术进展

<正>1996年Gagner用内镜技术完成了甲状旁腺切除术,开启了内镜甲状腺手术时代。内镜甲状腺手术入路可分为两类,一类是置入套管、充入气体建立操作空间行甲状腺切除术,又称为"真性"内镜手术,其代表是经胸壁入路的内镜甲状腺切除术。另     

内镜相关甲状腺手术

常规甲状腺手术通常在颈部留下切口疤痕,而内镜相关甲状腺手术可以获得肯定的美容效果,同时也在朝微创化方向发展。随着临床上的不断探索,出现各种不同的术式,根据手术方式可分为全内镜甲状腺手术和内镜辅助微创甲状腺手术。先进的设备和操作者的熟练程度是成功完成手术的重要因素。     

改良Miccoli术式内镜甲状腺手术36例临床观察

目的:探讨改良Miccoli术式内镜甲状腺手术治疗甲状腺肿瘤的临床疗效。方法:我院2011年1月至2011年12月共36例住院患者行改良Miccoli术式内镜甲状腺手术治疗甲状腺肿瘤。术后随访3个月,评价其疗效。结果:36例手术均无并发症。手术时间30～120min。平均35.3min,出血量15.5mL。多数伤口瘢痕已经吸收、变平,美容效果十分理想。结论:改良Miccoli术式内镜甲状腺手术治疗甲状腺肿瘤具有切口美观,手术创伤小,术后恢复快等优点,更易被爱美人士接受。     

改良Miccoli术式内镜下甲状腺手术667例分析

目的 探讨腔镜辅助下颈部小切口甲状腺手术（Miccoli 术式）中的技巧,总结手术各项指标及相关经验。方法 回顾性分析2006年6月至2010年4月吉林大学第一医院甲状腺外科667例腔镜辅助下颈部小切口行甲状腺手术的临床资料。 结果 667例均顺利完成腔镜辅助甲状腺手术。前50例手术平均时间（60±13）min;后617例平均（39±9）min。术中出血量15～80mL,术后引流量5～35mL,均于第2天拔除引流管。术后住院时间（3±1）d。手术切口长2.0～2.5cm。术后均未使用止痛药, 出现暂时性声嘶1例,皮下气肿1例,中转开放手术10例。所有病例均未发生术后出血或感染。全组随访3~12个月,无一例复发。结论 腔镜辅助下颈部小切口甲状腺手术安全可靠、并发症少且美容效果相对较好,在掌握一定技巧的基础上实施,临床效果更佳,应用前景广阔。     

完全内镜甲状腺手术进展

1996年Gagner报道了世界首例经颈充气内镜进行的甲状旁腺次全切除术,这是首次将内镜（或称腔镜）技术应用于颈部手术。1997年Huscher等日首先报道内镜甲状腺腺叶切除术,均获得了一定美容效果。国内也于2001年开始施行内镜甲状腺切除术。随着内镜技术不断提高、器械不断改良,目前内镜甲状腺手术的适应证不断扩大,手术时间和并发症发生率也逐渐减少,美容效果有所提升,甚至可达到“完全无疤”。完全内镜甲状腺手术可分为锁骨上、锁骨下、胸前壁或胸乳、腋窝途径,甚至经耳后和经口途径。     

胸乳途径甲状腺内镜手术

Objective To investigate the curative effect of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach.Methods The clinical data of 28 cases of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach were retrospectively summarized.Results The mean diameter ofthe tumor Was 2.9(1.7～4.2)cm.The mean operative time Was 128(95～165) min.Pathologic data:adenoma in 15 cases,nodular goitar in 12 csses,papillary carcinoma indicated intraoperatively by frozen section in 1 case.One case occurred temporary hoarseness.No intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhea and convulsion after operation.Minor pain and discomfort in anterior chest continued for 7～19d in 18 cases,all without taking painkillers,satisfaction rate of beauty was 90 percent.Condusions Endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach is safe and feasible for patients with thyroid diseases,and has excellent cosmetic results.     

内镜甲状腺手术术式评价

20世纪后期,随着提倡“三保留”（即保留胸锁乳突肌、颈内静脉、副神经）的改良颈淋巴结清扫术,甲状腺癌的手术治疗向微创化美容化迈进一大步。但传统的甲状腺手术仍给良性甲状腺疾病患者留下6～10cm的切口瘢痕,影响颈部美观,甚至给中青年女性造成较大的心理压力。近10年来,内镜甲状腺手术的开展使甲状腺疾患的手术更向美容化微创化发展。现将国内外内镜甲状腺手术治疗的进展综述如下。     

内镜甲状腺手术现状与评价

内镜甲状腺手术充分体现了内镜外科技术的美容和微创理念,其克服了传统甲状腺手术的一些缺陷,如术后颈部瘢痕、颈前皮肤感觉异常以及吞咽不适等。该技术得益于Gagner 1996年开创性的内镜甲状旁腺次全切除术．并由Huscher等于1997年率先开展。近年内镜甲状腺手术的临床应用日益广泛。这与外科医师对内镜下颈部解剖结构的深入了解、对手术径路选择的多元化探索以及内镜手术器械的不断改进密不可分。     

The size criteria in minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy

Background  

Thyroid size is a very important criteria of MIVAT exclusion because the working space provided by the technique is limited.     

An easier technique for minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy

Because of the efforts of many pioneer surgeons, the minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) has been recognized as a safe procedure, offering advantages such as better cosmetic outcome and less analgesic need. The MIVAT technique was described in 51 selected patients in 2001. The technique was not therefore widely used because of the excess operating time compared with traditional thyroidectomy, and most importantly, this method needed a steep learning period. This study reports a modified MIVAT procedure, which can make this operation easier and shorten the time of learning. We compared the outcomes of the originally described methods with our modified method. The selection criteria for performing MIVAT were as follows: thyroid nodules in one lobe and less than 50 mm on their largest diameter, benign lesion proved by fine-needle biopsy, patient without history of thyroiditis, and no previous neck surgery or irradiation. All patients received lobectomy. Sixty patients were eligible for MIVAT during a period of 27 months. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of the 17 patients who underwent MIVAT using the original technique that was described previously. Group B consisted of the 43 patients who underwent MIVAT using a self-designed Army retractor with a mosaic ring. The mean operation time of Group A was 120 minutes and that of Group B was 59.2 minutes. The size of the incisions was no difference in either group. There were no postoperative complications except in one patient with transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in Group A. There was one conversion to open thyroidectomy in Group A and none in Group B. The cosmetic results were no different between the two groups. In conclusion, the use of a modified Army retractor with a mosaic ring made the MIVAT procedure easier and offered similar advantages.     

Long-term cosmetic results after minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy

Background  

Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) has been performed in the authors’ department since 2004. Many authors have described some of its advantages over conventional surgery in terms of cosmetic results. The published literature on this topic variously describes the average central incision as 1 to 3 cm. The end point of the cosmetic results (e.g. the question of keloids) cannot be documented during the inpatient stay. This report describes the long-term cosmetic results for this method and analyzes the subjective and objective outcomes after MIVAT.     

Case-controlled comparison of video-assisted and conventional minimally invasive parathyroidectomy

Video-assisted parathyroidectomy (VAP) is a new approach to parathyroid exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism (PH). We examined the VAP learning curve and hypothesized that compared with conventional minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIS), VAP has similar complication rates and the added benefit of a shorter hospital length of stay. Using a case-control study design, patients with PH with single-focus imaging results undergoing VAP or MIS were compared during a 5-year VAP implementation period. VAP was possible in 18 per cent of patients undergoing initial parathyroid exploration. In comparing 125 VAP cases with 95 MIS control subjects, patients undergoing MIS had higher mean preoperative levels of calcium (P = 0.007) and parathyroid hormone (P = 0.008), greater mean adenoma weight (P < 0.001), and increased long-term mortality (4% MIS vs 0% VAP, P = 0.03). Mean operative time, in-house analgesia use, and operative complications did not differ. The rate of conversion from VAP to MIS was 14 per cent. Patients undergoing VAP were less likely to require an overnight hospital stay (P = 0.01). VAP is a safe surgical option for selected patients with PH, offering improved cosmesis with operative times comparable to conventional MIS. VAP can be done with a low conversion rate even during implementation and allows the added benefit of shorter hospital stay.     

Diversification of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism: minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy and minimally invasive open videoscopically magnified parathyroidectomy with local anesthesia

With the expansion of minimally invasive parathyroid surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism, new approaches and techniques evolved, creating new surgical algorithms with consequences for indication for surgery and patient selection. The presented methods of selective, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy represent this development of diversification. Minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP) has advanced to bilateral exploration, avoiding preoperative localization other than ultrasonography. Furthermore, a new technique of minimally invasive open parathyroidectomy with the option of videoscopic magnification under local anesthesia (MIPLA) for localizable adenomas is introduced. A series of 103 patients were operated on for primary hyperparathyroidism using minimally invasive procedures: 87 with MIVAP and 16 with MIPLA. With MIVAP the conversion rate to cervicotomy for multiglandular disease or technical difficulties was 16% (n = 14). With MIPLA, conversion to general intubation anesthesia or additional sedation was necessary in four patients. A transient laryngeal nerve palsy was observed in one patient with MIVAP. Bilateral exploration was carried out during 29 MIVAPs and 2 MIPLAs. The duration of surgery differed, with a median 63 minutes for MIVAP and 39 minutes for MIPLA. Surgery under local anesthesia was completed in 4 patients with MIVAP and in 14 with MIPLA. All patients were cured of primary hyperparathyroidism. Preliminary results of diversified procedures demonstrate effects regarding omission of preoperative diagnostics, overall cost reduction, and increasing patient selection for selective parathyroid surgery because of primary hyperparathyroidism.     

乳晕入路全腔镜下甲状腺癌根治术与小切口甲状腺癌根治术的临床对比分析

目的:对比全腔镜下甲状腺手术与小切口甲状腺手术治疗甲状腺癌的手术效果及美容效果。方法:将33例术前行甲状腺细针穿刺抽吸诊断为甲状腺乳头状癌的患者随机分为两组,其中16行乳晕入路腔镜下甲状腺癌根治术(腔镜组),17例行腔镜辅助小切口甲状腺癌根治术(小切口组)。对比分析两组患者手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术后引流时间、术后并发症发生率、患者切口满意度等指标。结果:小切口组手术时间、术后引流时间均明显少于腔镜组(P0.05);两组淋巴结清扫数量、术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);而腔镜组患者满意程度明显优于小切口组(P0.05)。结论:小切口甲状腺手术与腔镜甲状腺手术均属于美容手术,两者均具有良好的手术安全性及根治效果,小切口手术在手术时间、术后引流等方面优于腔镜手术,但颈部仍有2~3 cm的瘢痕。腔镜手术具有术后颈部无瘢痕的美容效果,美容效果更佳,但应严格掌握适应证。     

The minimally invasive open video-assisted approach in surgical thyroid diseases

Background  

The targets of minimally invasive surgery (MIVA) could be summarised by: achievement of the same results as those obtained with traditional surgery, less trauma, better post-operative course, early discharge from hospital and improved cosmetic results. The minimally invasive techniques in thyroid surgery can be described as either endoscopic "pure" approach (completely closed approach with or without CO₂ insufflation), or "open approach" with central neck mini-incision or "open video-assisted approach". Traditionally, open thyroidectomy requires a 6 to 8 cm, or bigger, transverse wound on the lower neck. The minimally invasive approach wound is much shorter (1.5 cm for small nodules, up to 2–3 cm for the largest ones, in respect of the exclusion criteria) upon the suprasternal notch.     

内镜辅助下甲状腺手术12例报告

目的　探讨微创内镜辅助下甲状腺手术可行性及优点。方法　自 2 0 0 3年 9月至2 0 0 3年 12月进行微创内镜辅助下甲状腺手术 12例。其中结节性甲状腺肿 7例 ,甲状腺腺瘤 5例。结果　 12例病人均完成手术 ,无一例中转为常规手术 ,无明显术后并发症。手术时间 3 8～ 110min ,平均约 65min。所有病人经过 1～ 3个月的随访 ,对切口的美容效果感到满意。结论　微创内镜辅助下甲状腺手术安全 ,切实可行 ,具有良好的切口美容效果。     

Management of descending necrotizing mediastinitis using minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Early diagnosis and aggressive surgical drainage are very important for successful treatment of descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM). However, the surgical techniques used for DNM treatment remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and cervical drainage for the management of DNM. Nine patients diagnosed with DNM were treated from May 2001 to April 2004. The mean age of the patients was 51.1+/-15.0 years. VATS and cervical drainage, including debridement and drainage of the mediastinum and pleura, were performed simultaneously. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 20.6+/-6.6 days. One patient (11%) died of sepsis and renal failure on the 15th postoperative day. Minimal mastication difficulty developed in 2 patients (22%). The mean postoperative follow-up period was 28.7+/-14.7(5 to 52) months. All the survivors are in good health with no recurrences. VATS was safe, effective, and a less invasive surgical option for the management of DNM and should be considered as a good alternative therapeutic modality.