鼻咽癌血浆EB病毒DNA水平与肿瘤负荷的关系

目的探讨鼻咽癌血浆EB病毒(EBV)DNA水平与肿瘤负荷的关系。方法收集经病理检查证实、无远处转移的初治鼻咽癌患者共98例,治疗前行鼻咽及全颈CT,应用PACS中的多边形测量工具,逐层勾画鼻咽原发灶肿瘤及颈部转移淋巴结,采用面积求和法计算鼻咽原发灶肿瘤体积(TV)及颈部转移淋巴结体积(NV),以TV和NV之和表示总肿瘤负荷(TNV)。应用荧光定量PCR技术检测其治疗前血浆EBV DNA水平。结果全组TV、NV及TNV中位数(四分位数间距)分别为15.9cm3(9.1~29.2cm3)、17.1cm3(0.7~64.1cm3)、44.1cm3(20.4~87.4cm3)。全组血浆EBV DNA检出率为73.5%(72/98),血浆EBVDNA水平中位数(四分位数间距)为3.6×104 copies/ml(2.0×103~3.6×105 copies/ml)。按TV分组:≤20cm3、>20cm3者各58、40例,2组血浆EBV DNA水平中位数(四分位数间距)分别为9.5×103 copies/ml(0~1.6×105 copies/ml)、1.6×105 copies/ml(2.2×104~4.6×105 copies/ml),有非常显著性差异(P=0.001);按NV分组:≤20cm3、>20cm3者各52、46例,2组血浆EBV DNA水平中位数(四分位数间距)分别为2.2×104 copies/ml(0~1.8×105 copies/ml)、1.0×105 copies/ml(6.2×103~5.4×105 copies/ml),有显著性差异(P=0.033);按TNV分组:≤40cm3、>40cm3者各43、55例,2组血浆EBVDNA检出率分别为60.5%(26/43)、83.6%(46/55),有显著性差异(P=0.010);2组血浆EBVDNA水平中位数(四分位数间距)分别为1.7×104 copies/ml(0~1.3×105 copies/ml)、1.1×105 copies/ml(6.6×103~4.7×105 copies/ml),有显著性差异(P=0.014);血浆EBV DNA水平与TV、NV、TNV呈正相关关系。结论鼻咽癌患者治疗前血浆EBV DNA水平可在一定程度上反映其体内肿瘤负荷。     

血浆EBV DNA水平测定在监测鼻咽癌放疗后复发、转移中的临床意义

目的 探讨定量分析血浆EBV DNA水平在监测鼻咽癌复发、转移中的临床意义。方法 应用荧光定量PCR技术（real-time PCR）,检测360例根治放疗后鼻咽癌患者血浆EBV DNA水平,并与临床及影像学检查结果 比较。结果 360例患者中87例血浆EBV DNA检测阳性,273例阴性。在87例检出阳性者中,25例证实为临床复发,45例证实为远处转移,故其预测肿瘤进展阳性预测值为80%（70/87）。在273例血浆EBV DNA检测阴性患者中,共有17例复发和4例转移,故其阴性预测值为92%（252/273）。总计91例肿瘤进展患者中70例血浆EBV DNA阳性,其中复发42例,25例血浆EBV DNA阳性;转移49例,45例血浆EBVDNA阳性。269例临床缓解患者中17例血浆EBV DNA阳性,故其敏感性、特异性、假阳性率和假阴性率分别为77%（70/91）、94%（252/269）、6%（17/269）、23%（21/91）、90%（322/360）。复发患者、转移患者、肿瘤进展患者和临床缓解患者EBVDNA阳性率和中位拷贝数分别为：60%,4700 copies/ml;92%,425000 copies/ml;77%,38000 copies/ml;6%,〈500copies/ml。复发患者与转移患者比较、肿瘤进展患者与临床进展患者比较,血浆EBV DNA阳性率和中位拷贝数均有显著性差异。结论 血浆EBV DNA水平的检测是监测放疗后鼻咽癌患者转移、复发的有效指标。     

鼻咽癌患者血浆游离EBV/DNA的定量检测及其临床意义

目的:探讨血浆EBV/DNA定量分析,在鼻咽癌早期诊断、临床分期、预后判断和监测放疗后转移复发中的临床意义.方法:采用荧光定量PCR方法定量检测经病理确诊为鼻咽癌的120例初治、90例放疗后随诊患者,其中包括60例放疗后持续缓解,30例远处转移和局部复发患者的血浆EBV/DNA含量.结果:初治、远处转移和局部复发的鼻咽癌患者血浆中游离的EBV/DNA检出率分别为96.0%、95.0%和100%,显著高于治疗后持续缓解鼻咽癌患者、健康对照者和非鼻咽癌的肿瘤患者;初治鼻咽癌患者各TNM分期之间血浆EBV/DNA拷贝数有显著统计学差异,晚期患者(Ⅲ Ⅳ)期血浆EBV/DNA中位拷贝数显著高于早期患者(I Ⅱ)期;初治患者治疗后已出现局部和远处转移者.治疗前血浆EBV/DNA中位数显著高于尚未出现复发转移患者:初治患者治疗前血浆EBV/DNA≥40 000拷贝/ml与＜40 000拷贝/ml两个水平,患者22个月无复发生存率分别为46.1%和92.9%,有显著统计学差异;放疗后复发、转移鼻咽癌患者血浆EBV/DNA的中位拷贝数显著高于治疗后持续缓解患者.结论:采用荧光定量PCR方法检测鼻咽癌患者血浆中游离的EBV/DNA是一种敏感可靠的方法,对于鼻咽癌早期诊断、鉴别诊断、分期、判断预后、监测治疗后复发和远处转移具有重要的临床意义,有可能成为鼻咽癌的血清肿瘤标记物.     

EBV DNA定量分析在监测鼻咽癌转移和复发中的临床意义

背景与目的:EB病毒(Epstein-Barrvirus,EBV)感染与鼻咽癌关系密切,近年来,有报道鼻咽癌患者血浆/血清中可检测到游离EBVDNA,但血浆EBVDNA水平对判断放疗后鼻咽癌患者转移、复发的临床意义尚缺少大宗研究报道。本研究定量检测鼻咽癌放疗后随诊患者血浆EBVDNA含量,探讨其在监测鼻咽癌转移、复发中的临床意义。方法:选择在中山大学肿瘤防治中心门诊随诊的放疗后鼻咽癌患者90例,用荧光定量PCR方法检测血浆EBVDNA含量,比较转移、复发与持续缓解患者血浆EBVDNA拷贝数。结果:放疗后转移或复发患者血浆EBVDNA的检出率为96.7%(29/30),中位拷贝数为2650copies/ml(0～5900000copies/ml);而持续缓解组患者血浆EBVDNA检出率12%(7/60),中位拷贝数为0copy/ml(0～71000copies/ml),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3例临床持续缓解但有血浆EBVDNA升高患者,在随后的3～4个月随访中,证实有肿瘤转移或复发。结论:血浆EBVDNA李宇红,等.EBVDNA定量分析在646定量检测可能成为监测放疗后鼻咽癌患者肿瘤转移、复发的敏感肿瘤标记物。     

治疗前血浆EBV DNA在调强放疗鼻咽癌患者预后中的意义

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨初治鼻咽癌患者治疗前血浆EBV DNA表达水平的预后价值。［方法］ 回顾分析667例初诊鼻咽癌接受根治性调强放疗患者的临床资料,分析治疗前血浆EBV DNA与临床分期、总生存的关系。以1500拷贝数/ml为临界值,将患者分为EBV DNA高表达者和低表达者。Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率并用Log-rank法检验,多因素分析采用Cox模型分析。［结果］ Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者中EBV DNA>0拷贝数/ml的比率分别为18.8%、34.4%、50.5%、66.4%。患者治疗前血浆EBV DNA的表达量与临床分期呈正相关（P<0.001）。临床分期和EBV DNA是患者总生存的独立预后因素。Ⅲ期患者中,EBV高低者两组差别具有统计学意义（χ2=4.084,P=0.043）,EBV DNA还是Ⅲ期患者总生存的独立预后因素。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期及Ⅳ期患者中,EBV DNA高低两组总生存率差别无统计学意义,但多因素分析发现,EBV DNA的绝对拷贝数是总生存的独立预后因素（P<0.05）。［结论］ 治疗前血浆EBV DNA对于各期鼻咽癌患者均具有预后作用,对于Ⅲ期患者,以1500拷贝数/ml为临界值,可以较好地判断预后,但对于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期及Ⅳ期患者,还需要更多的研究以确定合适的临界值。     

血浆EB病毒DNA定量监测在局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗及随访中的临床意义

目的 探讨在局部晚期鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗综合治疗及随访中动态监测血浆EB病毒DNA（EBV-DNA）定量水平的作用。方法 采用荧光定量PCR技术检测156例局部晚期鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗综合治疗前及治疗2、4、6、8周血浆EBV-DNA定量水平,并对治疗前血浆EBV-DNA阳性且获随访的患者在治疗后6、12、18和24个月的血浆EBV-DNA定量进行检测。治疗结束后评价疗效并随访治疗后2年的复发转移情况。结果 156例患者治疗前的血浆EBV-DNA阳性率为91.0％（142／156）,治疗8周的阳性率仅9.6％（15／156）。治疗前血浆EBV-DNA阳性的142例患者中,127例血浆EBV-DNA水平从治疗2周开始下降,至治疗6周未检测出DNA复制;其余15例在治疗8周内血浆EBV DNA水平维持阳性。治疗结束后,获完全缓解119例和部分缓解37例,其治疗8周的血浆EBV-DNA阳性率分别为3.4％（4／119）和29.7％（11／37）。142例治疗前血浆EBV-DNA阳性患者中有135例获随访2年,1、2年复发转移率分别为14.1％（19／135）和23.0％（31／135）。经受试者工作特征曲线下面积（Az）法分析,1、2年血浆EBV DNA水平对分别判断1、2年复发转移率的准确性较高（Az1=0944,Az2=0925;P均＜0.05）。结论 血浆EBV DNA定量水平能够较好地反映局部晚期鼻咽癌放化疗综合治疗的近期疗效。对于治疗前血浆EBV DNA阳性的局部晚期鼻咽癌患者,综合治疗结束后2年内实时监测血浆EBV-DNA水平对判断复发转移有一定的临床价值。     

血浆 EB病毒游离 DNA检测对监测鼻咽癌患者预后的意义

背景与目的:有报道 , 测定血浆中的 EB病毒游离 DNA( EBV-DNA)的拷贝数可作为诊断及监测鼻咽癌患者病情变化的手段之一.本研究旨在评价血浆 EBV-DNA检测在鼻咽癌患者预后监测上的价值, 并进一步与 VCA/IgA、 EA/IgA进行比较.方法:比较鼻咽癌放疗后 30例远处转移患者、 22例局部复发患者、 24例无 瘤生存者血浆中 EBV-DNA、 VCA/IgA、 EA/IgA水平.分别应用荧光定量 PCR方法检测血浆 EBV-DNA水平,免疫酶法检测 VCA/IgA、 EA/IgA;前瞻性观察 20例初诊鼻咽癌患者放疗前、放疗剂量达 40 Gy时及放疗结束时上述指标的变化. 结果:放疗后各组不同预后患者的血浆 EBV-DNA含量的中位数有显著性差异, 远处转移组为 135 100 copies/ml(四分线区域 5 525～ 1 003 750 copies/ml) >局部复发组的 20 500(四分线区域 0～ 58 500 copies/ml) > 无瘤生存组的 0 copy/ml(四分线区域 0～ 0 copy/ml), P均 < 0.05. 远处转移组的血浆 EBV-DNA水平高者较多, 当阳性标准为 1 000 000 copies/ml时,诊断远处转移组的敏感性为 27.3%,而诊断局部复发组的敏感性为 0.0%,特异性均为 100.0%.在初诊患者放疗前、放疗剂量达 40 Gy时及放疗结束时, EBV-DNA水平逐渐降低,平均含量分别为 32 050 copies/ml(四分线区域 3 880～ 317 750 copies/ml)、 0 copy/ml(四分线区域 0～ 14 375 copies/ml)、 0 copy/ml(四分线区域 0～ 2 940 copies/ml), P均 < 0.05, 而 VCA/IgA、 EA/IgA的水平未见明显变化. 结论: 血浆 EBV-DNA检测可用于监测鼻咽癌患者预后,其价值明显优于 VCA/IgA、 EA/IgA.     

N2~3期鼻咽癌EGFR、VEGF、EBER表达与放化疗敏感性的关系

[目的]探讨N期鼻咽癌EGFR、VEGF、EBER表达与放化疗敏感性间的关系。[方法]采用免疫组织化学疗法研究143例经病理确诊的鼻咽癌患者组织EBER、EGFR和VEGF表达：定量PCR和酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测92例N。期鼻咽癌患者血浆EB病毒游离DNA（EBV／DNA）、EGFR、VEGF的表达水平,并对92例NH期鼻咽癌随访2年。[结果]N期鼻咽癌EBER、EGFR及VEGF表达阳性牢分别为97．8％（90／92）、95．7％（88／92）和35．9％（33／92）。EBER表达与远处转移、复发及临床缓解相关,VEGF和EGFR表达强度与远处转移均呈正相关。期鼻嘲癌患者血浆EBV／DNA、EGFR、VEGF治疗前与同步放化疗后比较差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。血浆中EGFR和VEGF表达水平与远处转移相关。[结论]血浆和组织中EGFR和VEGF表达水平均可能与鼻咽癌远处转移相关。     

血浆EBV DNA定量分析在监测鼻咽癌患者复发和转移中的价值

目的 探讨血浆EB病毒DNA(EBV DNA)含量在监测鼻咽癌患者放疗后复发和转移中的临床价值.方法 采用荧光定量PCR方法 检测81例放疗后随诊的鼻咽癌患者血浆EBV DNA含量,比较缓解组与复发、转移组血浆EBV DNA差异.结果 放疗后缓解组患者血浆EBV DNA阳性率为15.7%,中位拷贝数为0 copy/ml;放疗后复发或转移组患者血浆EBV DNA阳性率93.3%,中位拷贝数6 432 copies/ml,差异均有显著性(P<0.001).结论 血浆EBV DNA定量检测有可能成为监测鼻咽癌患者放疗后复发、转移的肿瘤标记物.     

鼻咽癌患者血浆EB病毒DNA水平与肿瘤复发的关系

目的 :探讨鼻咽癌患者放射治疗后血浆EB病毒 (EBV)DNA水平与肿瘤复发的关系。方法 :11例临床缓解期患者和 9例临床复发患者分别抽血 3ml。所有的标本均采用荧光定量PCR的方法 ,在PE770 0型检测仪上定量检测血浆标本中EB病毒DNA的含量。结果 :肿瘤复发组 89% ( 8/ 9)的患者血浆中可检测到高拷贝数的EB病毒DNA ,中位浓度为4 70 0 0 0 (copies/ml) ,在临床缓解组患者中 ,仅 9% ( 1/ 11)的患者血浆中可检测到较高拷贝数的EB病毒DNA ,中位浓度为 0(copies/ml)。两组阳性率及中位浓度的比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :鼻咽癌患者血浆EBVDNA水平与肿瘤复发关系密切 ,值得进一步研究。     

Molecular prognostication of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by quantitative analysis of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA

We investigated the prognostic implication of pretreatment plasma/serum EBV DNA concentration, as measured by real-time quantitative PCR, in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In 91 prospectively recruited NPC patients, those with recurrence or metastasis within the first year after treatment had a higher median plasma EBV DNA concentration than those without events (41,756 copies/ml versus 5,807 copies/ml; P < 0.001, Mann-Whitney rank-sum test). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, plasma EBV DNA was an independent prognostic indicator for early clinical events [relative risk = 3.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-9.2 for each 10-fold increase in plasma EBV DNA concentration; P = 0.003)]. In a second cohort of 139 NPC patients followed-up for a median period of 2,027 days (interquartile range, 597-2,335 days), serum EBV DNA was found to be a significant variable associated with NPC-related death in multivariate Cox's regression analysis [relative risk = 1.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.1 for each 10-fold increase in serum EBV DNA concentration; P = 0.007)]. The quantitation of circulating EBV DNA may thus allow improved prognostication of NPC.     

Pretherapy quantitative measurement of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA is predictive of posttherapy distant failure in patients with early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma of undifferentiated type

BACKGROUND: Patients with International Union Against Cancer (UICC) Stage I-II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) appear to have a relatively favorable prognosis and generally are excluded from trials of combined modality treatment. More recently, plasma/serum cell-free Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA has been shown to be measurable in the majority of NPC patients at the time of diagnosis, and appears to have prognostic significance. However, within Stage I-II disease, in which failure events are infrequent, the prognostic impact of the pretreatment EBV DNA level has not been addressed to our knowledge. This issue has management implications because different therapeutic strategies currently are employed for patients with good-risk and those with poor-risk NPC. METHODS: A cohort of 90 patients with UICC Stage I-II NPC (World Health Organization Grade 2/3 histology) had their pretherapy plasma/serum EBV DNA levels determined by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and correlated with the probability of posttherapy failure. All patients received radiation therapy only, except for three patients who also received concurrent chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier plots of the probability of locoregional failure, distant failure, and cancer-specific survival were compared with reference to clinical stage and EBV DNA levels. RESULTS: With a median follow-up time of 45 months, 12 patients and 7 patients, respectively, had developed locoregional and distant failures, including 2 patients with both local and distant failures. Patients with distant failure had significantly higher pretherapy EBV DNA levels than those without failure (a median of 13,219 copies/mL [interquatile-range, 274,635 copies/mL] vs. a median of 423 copies/mL [interquatile-range, 2753 copies/mL]). The probability of distant failure was significantly higher in patients with high (>4000 copies/mL plasma) compared with low EBV DNA levels (P=0.0001, log-rank test) and for Stage IIB disease compared with Stage I and Stage IIA disease combined (P=0.0149, log-rank test), but was not significantly different between patients with Stage II and those with Stage I disease. The risks of locoregional failure were not significantly different between patients with high and those with low EBV DNA levels, and also was not significantly different between clinical substages. Approximately 35% of patients with Stage IIB disease were in the at-risk group for distant failure, as identified by high EBV DNA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Within a group of patients with UICC Stage I-II NPC, the pretherapy plasma EBV DNA level was found to identify a poor-risk group with a probability of distant failure similar to that of patients with advanced stage disease. This group of patients may warrant management considerations currently applicable only to cases of Stage III-IV disease. The prognostic significance of designating Stage IIB disease as per the 1997 UICC staging was confirmed, although the pretherapy EBV DNA level appears to be a more powerful prognostic discriminator in patients with early-stage NPC.     

鼻咽癌患者血浆EBV-DNA检测的临床价值

目的 EB病毒与鼻咽癌的发生发展明确相关,多个研究显示血浆EBV-DNA对于鼻咽癌的诊断分期及预后判断有重要意义,因此对我院患者进行了血浆EBV-DNA的检测并分析其临床价值。方法 2013—2016年连续性鼻咽癌患者471例,分析其治疗前EBV-DNA水平与分期、肿瘤负荷的相关性,并对治疗前、治疗末EBV-DNA进行生存相关分析。结果 患者治疗前血浆EBV-DNA中位数137 copies/ml (0~494000),与T分期、N分期、M分期、总的临床分期、肿瘤负荷均有明显统计学相关性。生存分析显示治疗前血浆EBV-DNA拷贝数≤1300组比>1300组的患者有更好OS (P=0.007)、PFS (P=0.011)、DMFS (P=0.003)。治疗末血浆EBV-DNA不可检测到的患者有更好OS (P=0.016)、PFS (P=0.000)、DMFS (P=0.000)。Cox多因素分析T分期、治疗末是否可检测到EBV-DNA为OS (P=0.030、0.012)的预后因素,N分期(P=0.037、0.017)、放疗末是否可检测到EBV-DNA (P=0.006、0.001)为PFS及DMFS的预后因素。结论 鼻咽癌患者治疗前血浆EBV-DNA水平与分期及肿瘤负荷有明显相关性,治疗前EBV-DNA水平更高的患者可能治疗后的预后更差。治疗末血浆EBV-DNA是否可检测到对于OS、PFS、DMFS有较好的预测价值。     

Prognostic values of the integrated model incorporating the volume of metastatic regional cervical lymph node and pretreatment serum Epstein–Barr virus DNA copy number in predicting distant metastasis in patients with N1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background: According to the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, over 50% of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have N1 disease at initial diagnosis. However, patients with N1 NPC are relatively under-researched, and the metastasis risk of this group is not well-stratified. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic values of gross tumor volume of metastatic regional lymph node (GTVnd) and pretreatment serum copy number of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA in predicting distant metastasis of patients with N1 NPC, and to develop an integrated prognostic model that incorporates GTVnd and EBV DNA copy number for this group of patients. Methods: The medical records of 787 newly diagnosed patients with nonmetastatic, histologically proven N1 NPC who were treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between November 2009 and February 2012 were ana-lyzed. Computed tomography-derived GTVnd was measured using the summation-of-area technique. Blood sam-ples were collected before treatment to quantify plasma EBV DNA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the cut-off point for GTVnd, and the area under the ROC curve was used to assess the predicted validity of GTVnd. The survival rates were assessed by Kaplan–Meier analysis, and the survival curves were compared using a log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: The 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates for patients with GTVnd > 18.9 vs. ≤ 18.9 mL were 82.2% vs. 93.2% (P < 0.001), and for patients with EBV DNA copy number > 4000 vs. ≤ 4000 copies/mL were 83.5% vs. 93.9% (P < 0.001). After adjusting for GTVnd, EBV DNA copy number, and T category in the Cox regression model, both GTVnd > 18.9 mL and EBV DNA copy number > 4000 copies/mL were significantly associated with poor prognosis(both P < 0.05). According to combination of GTVnd and EBV DNA copy number, all patients were divided into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups, with the 5-year DMFS rates of 96.1, 87.4, and 73.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Multi-variate analysis confirmed the prognostic value of this model for distant metastatic risk stratification (hazard ratio [HR], 4.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.34–7.59; P < 0.001). Conclusions: GTVnd and serum EBV DNA copy number are independent prognostic factors for predicting distant metastasis in NPC patients with N1 disease. The prognostic model incorporating GTVnd and EBV DNA copy number may improve metastatic risk stratification for this group of patients.     

治疗前外周血血管内皮抑素浓度与局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗后远处转移的关系

背景与目的:远处转移是局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗失败的主要原因之一.有研究提示血清血管内皮抑素(endostatin)浓度与肿瘤的复发及转移等密切相关.本研究通过检测患者外周血血管内皮抑素浓度,探讨其与局部晚期鼻咽癌患者治疗后远处转移的关系.方法:用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定218例初治局部晚期('92分期Ⅲ121例、Ⅳa 97例)患者及20例健康人外周血血管内皮抑素的浓度,并分析外周血血管内皮抑素浓度与患者性别、T分期、N分期及治疗后远处转移及局部区域复发的关系.结果:局部晚期鼻咽癌的外周血血管内皮抑素浓度中位值显著高于健康对照组(P＜0.001).以187.50 μg/L为截点将218例患者分为两组,低浓度组(≤187.5μg/L)和高浓度组(＞187.5μg/L).经使用log-rank法双侧检验可见,两组2年无区域局部复发率、2年无进展生存率、2年总生存率差异无显著性(P＞0.05);两组2年无转移生存率差异有显著性(P=0.034).多因素分析显示:治疗前外周血血管内皮抑素浓度(95%可信区间,1.039～3.696,P=0.03)是局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗后远处转移的可能影响因素.结论:治疗前外周血血管内皮抑素浓度与局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗后远处转移有关,可作为局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗后远处转移的预测指标之一.     

Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA and residual disease after radiotherapy for undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA can be detected and quantified in the plasma of patients with EBV-related tumors, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Although NPC at early stages can be cured by radical radiotherapy, there is a high recurrence rate in patients with advanced NPC. The pretreatment level of circulating EBV DNA is a prognostic factor for NPC, but the prognostic value of post-treatment EBV DNA has not been studied. We designed a prospective study in Hong Kong, China, to investigate the value of plasma EBV DNA as a prognostic factor for NPC. METHODS: One hundred seventy NPC patients, without metastatic disease at presentation, were treated with a uniform radiotherapy protocol. Circulating EBV DNA was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction before treatment and 6-8 weeks after radiotherapy was completed. Risk ratios (RRs) were determined with a Cox regression model, and associations of various factors with progression-free and overall survival and recurrence rates were determined with a stepwise Cox proportional hazards model. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: Ninety-nine percent of patients achieved complete clinical remission. Levels of post-treatment EBV DNA dominated the effect of levels of pretreatment EBV DNA for progression-free survival. The RR for NPC recurrence was 11.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.53 to 25.43) for patients with higher post-treatment EBV DNA and 2.5 (95% CI = 1.14 to 5.70) for patients with higher pretreatment EBV DNA. Higher levels of post-treatment EBV DNA were statistically significantly associated with overall survival (P<.001; RR for NPC recurrence = 8.6, 95% CI = 3.69 to 19.97). The positive and negative predictive values for NPC recurrence for a higher level of post-treatment EBV DNA were 87% (95% CI = 58% to 98%) and 83% (95% CI = 76% to 89%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Levels of post-treatment plasma EBV DNA in patients with NPC appear to strongly predict progression-free and overall survival and to accurately reflect the post-treatment residual tumor load.     

Combining plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA and nodal maximal standard uptake values of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography improved prognostic stratification to predict distant metastasis for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the value of combining the nodal maximal standard uptake values (SUVmax) of ¹⁸ F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography with Epstein-Barr virus DNA(EBV DNA) levels to predict distant metastasis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients

Patients and Methods

Eight hundred seventy-four patients with stage III-IVa-b NPC were evaluated for the effects of combining SUVmax and EBV DNA levels on distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

The optimal cutoff value was 6,220 copies/mL for EBV DNA and 7.5 for SUVmax-N. Patients with lower EBV DNA levels or SUVmax-N had a significantly better 3-year DMFS, DFS, and OS. Patients were divided into four groups based on EBV DNA and SUVmax-N, as follows: low EBV DNA and low SUVmax-N (LL), low EBV DNA and high SUVmax-N (LH), high EBV DNA and low SUVmax-N (HL), and high EBV DNA and high SUVmax-N (HH). There were significant differences between the four mentioned groups in 3-year DMFS: 95.7%, 92.2%, 92.3%, and 80.1%, respectively (P^trend < 0.001). When looking at the disease stage, the 3-year DMFS in group LL, LH, HL, HH were 94.2%, 92.9%, 95.0%, and 81.1%, respectively, in stage III patients (P^trend < 0.001) and 92.7%, 87.2%, 86.3%, and 77.0% in stage IVa–b patients (P^trend = 0.026).

Conclusion

Pretreatment EBV DNA and SUVmax of neck lymph nodes were independent prognostic factors for distant metastasis in NPC patients. Combining EBV DNA and SUVmax-N led to an improved risk stratification for distant metastasis in advanced-stage disease.     

Long-term prognostic effects of plasma epstein-barr virus DNA by minor groove binder-probe real-time quantitative PCR on nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term prognostic impact of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA concentration measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTQ-PCR) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Epstein-Barr virus DNA was retrospectively measured from stock plasma of 152 biopsy-proven NPC patients with Stage II-IV (M0) disease with a RTQ-PCR using the minor groove binder-probe. All patients received CCRT with a median follow-up of 78 months. We divided patients into three subgroups: (1) low pretreatment EBV DNA (<1,500 copies/mL) and undetectable posttreatment EBV DNA (pre-L/post-U), (2) high pretreatment EBV DNA (> or =1,500 copies/mL) and undetectable posttreatment EBV DNA (pre-H/post-U), and (3) low or high pretreatment EBV DNA and detectable posttreatment EBV DNA (pre-L or H/post-D) for prognostic analyses. RESULTS: Epstein-Barr virus DNA (median concentration, 573 copies/mL; interquartile range, 197-3,074) was detected in the pretreatment plasma of 94.1% (143/152) of patients. After treatment, plasma EBV DNA decreased or remained 0 for all patients and was detectable in 31 patients (20.4%) with a median concentration 0 copy/mL (interquartile range, 0-0). The 5-year overall survival rates of the pre-L/post-U, pre-H/post-U, and pre-L or H/post-D subgroups were 87.2%, 71.0%, and 38.7%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The relapse-free survival showed similar results with corresponding rates of 85.6%, 75.9%, and 26.9%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed the superior effects of plasma EBV DNA compared to other clinical parameters in prognosis prediction. CONCLUSION: Plasma EBV DNA is the most valuable prognostic factor for NPC. More chemotherapy should be considered for patients with persistently detectable EBV DNA after CCRT.