大鼠脑线粒体生物大分子合成过程中能量需求的研究

目的：探讨线粒体内RNA和蛋白质合成过程澡的能量需求及其ATP的调节作用。方法：组织匀浆－梯度离心法分离并纯化大鼠脑皮质线粒体,氧电极法鉴定线粒体氧化呼吸及其偶联活性;体外无细胞（Cell-free in vitro)线粒体,^3H-UTP和3H－Leucine掺入法分别测定细胞器的转录与翻译活性。结果：线粒体RNA和蛋白质合成中所需的ATP可来自线粒体自身氧化产生外源ATP的加入可使转录活性增加3．7倍,而翻译活性仅提高17％,在既无外源ATP加入又无内内源性产生时,线粒体蛋白翻译活性仍为最大活性的53．1％;ATP浓度对RNA和蛋白质合成的影响呈双相性,1mmol/L时转录以及翻译活性最高,高浓度或低浓度均产生浓度依赖性抑制效应。结论：ATP可在转录与翻译两个水平影响线粒体RNA和蛋白质合成,ATP对mDNA表达的调节是一种经济,积极有效的反馈调节方式。     

小檗胺对BALB／c小鼠的免疫调节作用

报告小檗胺对正常ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠体内和体外ＮＫ细胞活性的影响及对ＩＬ－２产生能力的影响。结果表明：小檗胺在２００μｇ／ｍｌ时对小鼠体外ＮＫ细胞活性有明显促进作用，在体内外对ＩＬ－２产生均有促进作用。     

EBV-LMP1 C端RNA的体外转录合成及其靶脱氧核酶的初步筛选

目的 探讨用体外转录方法制备EBV-LMP1 C端RNA并用该RNA对其靶脱氧核酶进行初步筛选.方法 用巢式PCR方法从绒猴淋巴细胞系B95-8细胞中扩增EBV-LMP1 exon c,重组入pGEM-11zf载体,并用T7RNA聚合酶对其进行体外转录制备EBV-LMP1 C端RNA.根据该RNA的一、二级结构设计合成3种靶向10～23脱氧核酶,据体外剪切效率筛选高效特异的靶向脱氧核酶.结果 成功地构建含EBV-LMP1 exon c基因的重组质粒,用体外转录方法用1 μg质粒转录出40.25 μg高纯度的EBV-LMP1 C端RNA,有1种脱氧核酶DZ1对该RNA体外剪切效率达89%.结论 用T7RNA聚合酶体外转录方法成功制备了高纯度的EBV-LMP1 C端RNA,经体外剪切筛选出高效特异的1种脱氧核酶,为进一步研究奠定了基础.     

RNA干扰技术特异性抑制肾癌survivin表达的实验研究

目的:体外转录合成survlvin siRNA(Small interference RNA,siRNA),观察其在肾癌786-O细胞株中抑制survivin的表达情况.方法:体外转录合成3组survivin序列特异性双链RNA(Double-stranded RNA,dsRNA),转染786-O细胞株中,用RT-PCR和Western blot检测转染后survivin基因的mRNA和蛋白的表达,MTT法检测细胞活性.结果:有2组转染特异性siRNA的786-O细胞表达survivin mRNA及蛋白均下调.活性受到抑制,另一组效果不明显.结论:体外转录合成特异性survivin siRNA能有效抑制肾癌786-O细胞中survivin的表达,抑制细胞的活性,RNA干扰(RNA interfering,RNAi)技术可能为肾癌的基因治疗提供一种新策略.     

抗caspase-3核酶M1RNA的体外制备与活性鉴定

目的针对凋亡关键蛋白酶caspase-3设计核酶M1RNA-GS，对其体外制备及切割活性进行探讨。方法以RNase P催化亚基M1RNA为模板，PCR合成并克隆特异性针对人caspase-3的一组核酶pMl-GS716，pMl-GS337和pMl-GS235，^32P标记转录。应用RT—PCR方法从人外周血单个核细胞扩增底物caspase-3 mRNA目的片段，体外转录物作为靶RNA，核酶与靶RNA按1：1比例进行体外切割实验。结果pMl-GS 716和pMl-GS 337在37C均有切割活性，pMl-GS 716的切割效率为93％，pMl-GS 337为42％，而pMl-GS 235几无切割效应。结论体外制备的pMl-GS 716具有良好的特异催化切割活性，有望通过切割caspase-3而抑制细胞凋亡。     

TGF-β1和BMP-2对终板软骨细胞增殖和糖胺多糖合成的影响

目的:探讨转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)和骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)对体外培养大鼠终板软骨细胞增殖和合成糖胺多糖的影响。方法:取原代大鼠终板软骨细胞,体外培养传代至第二代,常规培养液培养组为对照组,培养液中加入TGF-β1及BMP-2作用于软骨细胞为实验组,观察细胞的生长情况,测定终板软骨细胞增殖和糖胺多糖(GAG)含量的变化,分析两种因子对软骨细胞增殖行为和合成糖胺多糖的影响。结果:单独应用TGF-β1与BMP-2刺激,终板软骨细胞增殖能力及糖胺多糖合成较对照组增高,而TGF-β1与BMP-2联合使用能够更加明显地促进终板软骨细胞增殖能力及糖胺多糖的合成。结论:一定浓度的TGF-β1与BMP-2联合使用,能有效促进体外培养的软骨细胞增殖和合成GAG基质的能力。     

精脒对E.coliRNA聚合酶体外转录调节作用的研究

目的：在体外转录系统中研究精脒对Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＲＮＡ聚合酶的调节作用。阐明精脒调节转录的作用环节。方法：以ＥｃｏＲＩ酶切的质粒ｐＵＲ２２２为模板进行体外转录，转录产物经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和放射自显影进行测定。结果：０．５０～１０．００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ精脒对Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＲＮＡ聚合酶体外特异性和非特异性转录活性均有明显的促进作用，两者相关关系非常显著（ｒ＝０．９４４，Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：精脒在一定浓度范围内对转录有促进作用，精脒调节转录的作用环节可能在ＲＮＡ聚合酶     

10-23 DNA enzyme对乙型肝炎病毒C基因体外转录产物的切割活性

目的:探讨10-23 DNA enzym e对乙型肝炎病毒C基因体外转录产物的特异切割活性。方法:设计并合成3种能针对乙型肝炎病毒C基因开放阅读框A1816UG的特异性脱氧核酶,分别命名为D rzBC-7、D rzBC-8和D rzBC-9。应用体外转录的方法获得相应的底物RNA,观察D rzBC-7、D rzBC-8和D rzBC-9对其的体外切割效应。以D rzBC-9为例,观察不同浓度的M gC l2对体外切割效率的影响,根据L inew eaver Burk作图法,计算相关的酶动力学参数Km、K cat和K cat/Km。结果:通过体外转录获得用于切割反应的底物RNA,其大小为300 nt。在特定的切割条件下,D rzBC-7、D rzBC-8和D rzBC-9均能对相应的底物RNA进行有效的切割,切割产物分别为109 nt和191 n。t以D rzBC-9为例,在切割反应体系中缺乏M gC l2时,未见有切割反应。M gC l2浓度在150 mm o.lL-1时达到最高切割效率,再提高M gC l2的浓度,切割效率未见明显增大。酶动力学参数Km、K cat和K cat/Km分别为1.4×10-9m o.lL-1,1.6 m in-1和1.1×109m o.lL-1.m in-1。结论:针对乙型肝炎病毒C基因的10-23 DNA enzym e在体外对相应的转录产物有特异切割作用。     

抗血管内皮生长因子多位点核酶的合成及其体外切割作用

目的: 设计合成血管内皮生长因子多位点核酶,探讨其对靶RNA的切割作用.方法: 利用计算机辅助设计针对VEGF165的3个单位点核酶 (Rz1, Rz2, Rz3) 和联合型多位点核酶 (Rz123),构建其自剪切转录载体,观察多位点核酶对靶RNA的切割作用.结果: 构建的多位点核酶自剪切转录载体在体外转录中,顺式核酶发生了自身剪切,并释放出正确的目的核酶,多位点核酶可切割靶RNA,且效率高于单一核酶,其切割效率分别为 (37±10)% (Rz1), (51±8)% (Rz2 ), (68±15)% (Rz3) 和(88±11)% (Rz123).结论: 抗血管内皮生长因子多位点核酶体外可联合切割靶RNA,具有较高的生物活性.     

心肌肥厚大鼠心肌细胞核体外转录活性和RNA核孔转出的变化

目的研究大鼠心肌细胞核体外转录活性、RNA核孔转出和核外Ca2 浓度([Ca2 ])对其的影响,以探讨心肌重塑时核Ca2 在其中的作用和意义.方法制备腹主动脉缩窄大鼠心肌肥厚模型、差速离心和密度梯度离心提纯心肌细胞核,同位素掺入法分析心肌细胞核体外转录活性和RNA核孔转出.结果腹主动脉缩窄术后4周大鼠心肌显著肥大,伴有明显的血流动力学异常.与正常对照组比较,腹主动脉缩窄心肌肥厚组细胞核体外转录活性和RNA核孔转出明显增加.在核外[Ca2 ]大于10-4mol/L时,转录活性和RNA核孔转出发生显著变化(P＜0.05).结论压力超负荷心肌肥厚发生时,细胞核体外转录活性上调,RNA核转出量增加,可能在介导基因表达异常中起重要作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.