单克隆抗体-阿霉素免疫交联物在脑胶质瘤裸鼠模型体内导向治疗的初步研究

将本室制备的免疫导向药物-抗人脑胶质瘤单克隆抗体SZ-39和阿霉素交联物在脑胶质瘤裸小鼠模型NHG-1体内进行导向治疗研究。实验显示免疫交联物对胶质瘤的抑制作用显著优于游离药物、游离抗体及药物和抗体的混合物。免疫交联物治疗后肿瘤组织~3H-TdR掺入量显著低于各对照组,表明肿瘤细胞DNA合成被明显抑制。而免疫交联物对正常小肠上皮细胞DNA合成影响较小,提示其副作用较小。     

抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白与柔红霉素交联方法及其偶联物体外抗肿瘤作用

分别用12.5％、25.0％、50.0％、75.0％和100.0％氧化的Dex T_(10)作为交联剂交联抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白(AHTG)和柔红霉素(DNR)形成免疫偶联物(AHTG-Dex-DNR),其中以25.0％氧化的DexT10作为交联剂最佳。它既提高了偶联物的交联度,又降低了硼氢化钠对AH-TG和DNR活性的损伤。偶联物对靶细胞CEM 24h细胞毒试验LD_(50)为10.68μg/ml。对非靶细胞K562仅有轻微杀伤作用,10min细胞毒试验为特异的杀灭肿瘤细胞试验,对CEM的LD_(50)为14.79μg/ml,对K562几乎无细胞毒作用,表明免疫偶联物有特异性细胞毒作用。     

单克隆抗体携带药物免疫导向治疗人脑胶质瘤的体外、体内实验研究

本研究室将抗人脑胶质瘤单克隆抗体SZ-39携带上抗肿瘤药物阿霉素制备成免疫交联物对脑胶质瘤进行了导向治疗实验研究。脑胶质瘤为中枢神经系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,死亡率甚高,手术、化疗、放疗效果均不理想。人们对利用单克隆抗体携带药物特异性导向治疗胶质瘤寄于很大希望。笔者以人脑胶质瘤细胞系SHG-44为抗原,通过杂交瘤技术制备了抗人脑胶质瘤单克隆抗体SZ-39。经化学分析其     

抗体靶向寡核苷酸复合物及SPA-PLL交联物对培养细胞的毒性作用

目的评价新型抗体靶向基因导入系统及其核心组分:葡萄球菌A蛋白-多聚赖氨酸交联物(SPA-PLL交联物)对细胞的毒性作用。方法将SPA-PLL交联物、CD44抗体和反义寡核苷酸以适宜的质量比混合即可组装成抗体靶向寡核苷酸复合物;采用噻唑蓝比色法测定该靶向复合物或SPA-PLL交联物对培养细胞存活率的影响。结果该靶向复合物和交联物在低浓度范围内(0~62.5μg/mL)对细胞毒性作用较小,在高浓度(>125μg/mL)时对细胞毒性作用显著增强;游离PLL对细胞的毒性作用较强,但游离SPA无毒性作用。结论抗体靶向寡核苷酸复合物和SPA-PLL交联物在常用浓度范围内对转染细胞无毒性作用。     

单克隆抗体连接表阿霉素导向治疗胃癌的实验研究

作者首次报道了胃癌单克隆抗体MGb_2-表阿霉素结合物的制备及其对胃癌细胞的体外杀伤作用。首先用高碘酸钠氧化葡聚糖,使其成为多醛基葡聚糖,并以此为中间载体将表阿霉素与MGb_2连接。经测定,每一抗体能携带45个药物分子,且其抗体活性保存良好。该结合物对胃癌细胞SGC-7901杀伤作用优于游离药物及无关抗体结合物,且对非靶细胞(Hep-2)毒性作用很弱。说明表阿霉素-葡聚糖-MGb_2对胃癌细胞具有较强选择性杀伤作用,并可能成为胃癌导向治疗的免疫抗癌药物。     

单克隆抗体与链黑菌素偶联物的抗肝癌BEL-7402细胞活性

采用活化酯法制备链黑菌素与抗人肝癌单克隆抗体(McAb)3A5的免疫偶联物,该偶联物兼有二者的生物活性和紫外吸收特征。抗体与链黑菌素偶联分子比为1:2～6,蛋白回收率为76％,链黑菌素保留原活性的12.5％,抗体活性基本上完全保持。但随着药物分子偶联数目的增加,抗体活性减小。偶联物在体外细胞克隆生成试验中,对肝癌BEL-7402细胞的抑制作用为游离链黑菌素的63倍,而对与抗原性无关的人咽上皮癌KB细胞的作用则较游离的链黑菌素弱11倍。以上结果表明,该免疫偶联物对靶细胞显示选择性杀伤作用。     

单克隆抗体（HI30）—丝裂霉素免疫偶合物的研究

用Dextran T-40的氧化产物葡聚糖多聚醛(polyaldehyde,PAD)作为中间载体,将鼠抗人T淋巴细胞表面分化抗原的单克隆抗体HI_(30)与抗癌药丝裂霉素(mitomgcin C,MMC)形成共价连接,制备HI_(30)-PAD-MMC免疫偶合物。偶合物的特异性毒性依赖于单克隆抗体(单抗)和靶细胞表面抗原位点的结合。偶合物基本上保持原有的抗体结合活性及药物细胞毒,并具有良好的稳定性。     

干扰素对放疗后鼻咽癌(NPC)患者ADCC作用的影响

抗体依赖性细胞毒性ADCC是机体重要的抗肿瘤免疫机制之一。作者用干扰素对20例放疗后的NPC(鼻咽癌)患者的ADCC作用进行了探讨。实验中,靶细胞为低分化NPC细胞株(CNE-2),效应细胞为患者外周血淋巴细胞,靶细胞抗体为兔抗CNE-2细胞抗体,用~(51)Cr释放法测定。结果表明经干扰素预孵的效应细胞比未经干扰素预孵的效应细胞的细胞毒平均增加33.5％(P<0.001),表明干扰素有促进ADCC的作用。     

单克隆抗体与血卟啉衍生物交联物的制备及其对胃癌靶细胞的杀伤作用

以碳二亚胺(EDCI)为连接剂,将血卟啉衍生物(HPD)与抗胃癌单克隆抗体18M(McAb18M)共价交联。经ELISA法测定及溶血试验表明,该交联物保留了McAb的反应特性及HPD的光故活性。体外试验表明,交联物对靶细胞的光动力杀伤效率提高了11.2倍,对非靶细胞的杀伤作用微弱,表明HPD—McAb具有特异杀伤作用。对游离HPD及交联HPD的吸收光谱,荧光激发光谱及发射光谱的分析比较表明,二者均有一定的差异。     

胃癌细胞选择性阿霉素免疫脂质体的制备及其特性

免疫脂质体(immunoliposome)系脂质体与特异性抗体连接而成,具有普通脂质体和导向药物二者的优点。其中的药物活性保持好,携药量大,并能与靶细胞多价结合,因而在肿瘤导向治疗领域日益受到重视。 作者采用本室制备的胃癌单克隆抗体MGb_2经NHSP修饰引入软脂酸,逆相蒸发法制备脂质体,同时包入阿霉素(adriamycin)。用去氧胆酸透析法将修饰抗体插到阿霉素脂质体表面,经过Scpharose 4B柱层析纯化得到免疫脂质体。同     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.