佛波醇下调丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调节激酶信号通路抑制破骨细胞分化

目的:探讨佛波醇12-十四酸酯13-乙酸酯(PMA)对破骨细胞分化的影响及作用机制。方法:提取雄性,4周龄C57小鼠原代骨髓单核细胞(BMM),细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)法检测100 ng/ml PMA刺激后BMM活性;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色及骨吸收陷窝实验检测100 ng/ml PMA对破骨细胞分化及骨...     

细胞外信号调节激酶在血管瘤组织中的表达及活性

目的:探讨细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)及其活性形式磷酸化ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2)在血管瘤组织中的蛋白表达及其意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法,检测23例增生期血管瘤组织及19例退化期血管瘤组织ERK1/2和p-ERK1/2的蛋白表达。结果:增生期血管瘤组织与退化期血管瘤组织ERK1/2的蛋白表达无统计学差异(Z=-0.305,P>0.05);增生期血管瘤组织p-ERK1/2的蛋白表达显著高于退化期血管瘤组织的表达(Z=-4.271,P<0.01)结论:增生期血管瘤组织p-ERK1/2呈高表达,血管瘤的增生与ERK通路的激活有关。     

细胞外信号调节激酶及其上游激酶在人乳腺癌发生发展中的意义

目的　研究人乳腺癌组织、良性肿瘤以及瘤旁乳腺组织中细胞外信号调节激酶 (ERK1、ERK2 )及其上游激酶 (MEK1、MEK2 )的表达 ,以及术前化疗对MEK1、MEK2、ERK1、ERK2蛋白表达的影响。　方法　应用蛋白质印迹法检测 5 6例患者乳腺癌组织、8例乳腺良性肿瘤以及相应瘤旁组织中MEK1、MEK2及ERK1、ERK2蛋白的表达情况 ,其中 16例患者术前接受环磷酰胺 ,表阿霉素加 5 氟脲嘧啶或泰素加表阿霉素方案化疗。应用免疫组织化学方法检测乳腺癌组织及癌旁组织中MEK1、MEK2及ERK1、ERK2蛋白的表达。　结果　 4 0例未行术前化疗的乳腺癌组织中MEK2、ERK1、ERK2蛋白表达水平高于癌旁组织 ,分别为癌旁组织的 4 76、1 4 8和 2 0 9倍 (t值分别为 7 2 4 4 ,5 95 9,3 735 ,P <0 0 1) ;MEK1水平低于相应癌旁组织 (t=2 2 0 6 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;未行术前化疗的乳腺癌组织中MEK2、ERK1、ERK2蛋白表达水平高于乳腺良性肿瘤 (t值分别为 2 932 ,2 0 82 ,2 0 2 1,P <0 0 5 ) ;MEK1水平低于良性肿瘤 (t=2 0 75 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;雌激素受体阴性的乳腺癌中MEK2蛋白表达水平高于雌激素受体阳性的肿瘤 (t=2 4 0 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,MEK1蛋白表达水平低于雌激素受体阳性的肿瘤 (t =2 5 8,P <0 0 1) ;术前化疗的乳腺癌组织中MEK2蛋白表达     

细胞外信号调节激酶和P38蛋白激酶在自体移植静脉中的表达

目的研究丝裂原活化蛋白激酶亚单位细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)和p38蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)在移植静脉血管重塑过程中的表达.方法选Wistar大鼠80只,建立自体移植静脉模型,术后随机分为6 h、24 h、3 d、7 d、2周、4周、6周及8周组,于相应时点取材,半定量逆转录PCR法检测移植血管中ERK和p38 MAPK的mRNA表达;Western蛋白印迹定量检测ERK和p38 MAPK的蛋白产物及磷酸化蛋白产物表达;脱氧核苷酸末端转移酶末端标记法(TUNEL)检测血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)凋亡的变化;免疫组化检测增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达.结果移植静脉术后6 h,ERK1和p38 MAPK的mRNA表达均明显增强,与正常静脉组比较差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.01);ERK1mRNA表达在移植后7 d达高峰,表达值为(33.2±14.2)%,p38 MAPK的mRNA表达于术后2周达到高峰,表达值为(58.8±26.2)%,与其余各时点比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).Western蛋白印迹提示ERK1/2在术后1～2周达高峰,6周时逐渐恢复至正常水平;而p38 MAPK则在移植后2～4周达高峰,之后开始减少,8周时仍维持一定表达量(1/4～1/2).ERK1与PCNA表达呈正相关(r=0.759 6,P＜0.01),p38 MAPK与凋亡呈正相关(r=0.892 2,P＜0.01).结论MAPK的激活是移植静脉内膜增生以及血管重塑的关键环节,可能成为防治移植静脉狭窄、闭塞的新的治疗靶点.     

结缔组织生长因子影响体外培养瘢痕成纤维细胞ERK／MAPK信号通路活化及增殖的研究

目的探讨结缔组织生长因子（connective tissue growth factor,CTGF）诱导增生性瘢痕（hypertrophic scar,HS）成纤维细胞增殖的信号转导通路。方法采用。H-胸腺嘧啶核苷（^3H—TdR）掺入法观察不同浓度CTGF促HS成纤维细胞增殖的效应,以Western印迹法检测CTGF刺激HS成纤维细胞0、5、10、15、30、60min后,磷酸化及非磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶1／2（extracellular-signal regulated kinase,ERK1／2）的表达,以两者的比值AI衡量信号通路活化程度;应用特异性阻断剂PD98059阻断ERK通路,MTT法检测CTGF诱导细胞增殖的变化。结果CTGF在一定浓度范围内呈浓度依赖性促HS成纤维细胞增殖,ERK1／2在无CTGF刺激时AI为0．0131±0．0036,CTGF刺激HS成纤维细胞5、10、15、30、60min后,AI值分别为0．0221±0．0033,0．1310±0．0361,0．2090±0．0201,0．1710±0．0379,0．0413±0．0036,在15min达高峰;采用PD98059选择性阻断ERK1／2通路后（A=0．420±0．046）与CTGF刺激组比较（A=0．660±0．035）,细胞增殖显著受到抑制（P〈0．01）。结论ERK1／2是CTGF诱导HS成纤维细胞增殖的主要活化的信号通路。     

结缔组织生长因子影响体外培养瘢痕成纤维细胞ERK/MAPK信号通路活化及增殖的研究

Objective To explore the signal mechanism of proliferation stimulating effect of connec-tive tissue growth factor (CTGF) on hypertrophic scar (HS) derived fibroblasts. Methods <'3>H-TdR in-corporation technique was used to determine the proliferative effect of CTGF at different concentration. Western blot was applied to semi-quantitively analyze the expression of phosphorylated and total ERK1/2 protein after 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min of CTGF stimulation, and the relative value of which was de-fined as AI to measure the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway. PD98059 was admitted to specifically block the ERK1/2 pathway, and subsequently cell proliferation stimulated by CTGF was studied by MTT. Results CTGF could stimulate fibroblasts proliferation with a dose-dependant manner, and activa-ted the ERK1/2 signal pathway, and AI built up to 0.209±0.0201, reaching the apex at 15 min after stimulation performed. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059 suppressed CTGF-mediated HS fi-broblasts proliferation significantly, while OD significantly dropped. Conclusion CTGF induces a prolif-erative response in HS fibroblasts, and this action is mainly dependent on the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway.     

结缔组织生长因子影响体外培养瘢痕成纤维细胞ERK/MAPK信号通路活化及增殖的研究

Objective To explore the signal mechanism of proliferation stimulating effect of connec-tive tissue growth factor (CTGF) on hypertrophic scar (HS) derived fibroblasts. Methods <'3>H-TdR in-corporation technique was used to determine the proliferative effect of CTGF at different concentration. Western blot was applied to semi-quantitively analyze the expression of phosphorylated and total ERK1/2 protein after 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min of CTGF stimulation, and the relative value of which was de-fined as AI to measure the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway. PD98059 was admitted to specifically block the ERK1/2 pathway, and subsequently cell proliferation stimulated by CTGF was studied by MTT. Results CTGF could stimulate fibroblasts proliferation with a dose-dependant manner, and activa-ted the ERK1/2 signal pathway, and AI built up to 0.209±0.0201, reaching the apex at 15 min after stimulation performed. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059 suppressed CTGF-mediated HS fi-broblasts proliferation significantly, while OD significantly dropped. Conclusion CTGF induces a prolif-erative response in HS fibroblasts, and this action is mainly dependent on the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway.     

结缔组织生长因子影响体外培养瘢痕成纤维细胞ERK/MAPK信号通路活化及增殖的研究

Objective To explore the signal mechanism of proliferation stimulating effect of connec-tive tissue growth factor (CTGF) on hypertrophic scar (HS) derived fibroblasts. Methods <'3>H-TdR in-corporation technique was used to determine the proliferative effect of CTGF at different concentration. Western blot was applied to semi-quantitively analyze the expression of phosphorylated and total ERK1/2 protein after 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min of CTGF stimulation, and the relative value of which was de-fined as AI to measure the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway. PD98059 was admitted to specifically block the ERK1/2 pathway, and subsequently cell proliferation stimulated by CTGF was studied by MTT. Results CTGF could stimulate fibroblasts proliferation with a dose-dependant manner, and activa-ted the ERK1/2 signal pathway, and AI built up to 0.209±0.0201, reaching the apex at 15 min after stimulation performed. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059 suppressed CTGF-mediated HS fi-broblasts proliferation significantly, while OD significantly dropped. Conclusion CTGF induces a prolif-erative response in HS fibroblasts, and this action is mainly dependent on the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway.     

结缔组织生长因子影响体外培养瘢痕成纤维细胞ERK/MAPK信号通路活化及增殖的研究

Objective To explore the signal mechanism of proliferation stimulating effect of connec-tive tissue growth factor (CTGF) on hypertrophic scar (HS) derived fibroblasts. Methods <'3>H-TdR in-corporation technique was used to determine the proliferative effect of CTGF at different concentration. Western blot was applied to semi-quantitively analyze the expression of phosphorylated and total ERK1/2 protein after 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min of CTGF stimulation, and the relative value of which was de-fined as AI to measure the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway. PD98059 was admitted to specifically block the ERK1/2 pathway, and subsequently cell proliferation stimulated by CTGF was studied by MTT. Results CTGF could stimulate fibroblasts proliferation with a dose-dependant manner, and activa-ted the ERK1/2 signal pathway, and AI built up to 0.209±0.0201, reaching the apex at 15 min after stimulation performed. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059 suppressed CTGF-mediated HS fi-broblasts proliferation significantly, while OD significantly dropped. Conclusion CTGF induces a prolif-erative response in HS fibroblasts, and this action is mainly dependent on the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway.     

结缔组织生长因子影响体外培养瘢痕成纤维细胞ERK/MAPK信号通路活化及增殖的研究

Objective To explore the signal mechanism of proliferation stimulating effect of connec-tive tissue growth factor (CTGF) on hypertrophic scar (HS) derived fibroblasts. Methods <'3>H-TdR in-corporation technique was used to determine the proliferative effect of CTGF at different concentration. Western blot was applied to semi-quantitively analyze the expression of phosphorylated and total ERK1/2 protein after 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min of CTGF stimulation, and the relative value of which was de-fined as AI to measure the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway. PD98059 was admitted to specifically block the ERK1/2 pathway, and subsequently cell proliferation stimulated by CTGF was studied by MTT. Results CTGF could stimulate fibroblasts proliferation with a dose-dependant manner, and activa-ted the ERK1/2 signal pathway, and AI built up to 0.209±0.0201, reaching the apex at 15 min after stimulation performed. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059 suppressed CTGF-mediated HS fi-broblasts proliferation significantly, while OD significantly dropped. Conclusion CTGF induces a prolif-erative response in HS fibroblasts, and this action is mainly dependent on the activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway.     

细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶在前列腺上皮内瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶（ERK）在前列腺上皮内瘤（PIN）组织中表达的意义。方法 应用免疫组织化学SP法检测12例PIN、11例前列腺癌（PCa)及16例BPH组织标本中ERK的表达。结果 12例PIN标本均有表达,其中6例为高表达;11例PCa组织10例为阳性,但多为弱表达;16例BPH组织12例为阳性,表达也较弱。PIN组织中ERK表达与PCa组和BPH相比ERK在PIN组织中呈高表达,与早期前列腺癌的发生有密切关系。     

胞外信号调节激酶信号通路在大鼠慢性吗啡耐受形成中的作用

目的 探讨胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)信号通路在慢性吗啡耐受形成中的作用.方法 鞘内置管成功的雄性SD大鼠30只,体重300～350 g,随机分为3组(n=10).置管后7 d开始给药,对照组(C组)鞘内注射0.4%二甲基亚砜10μl,慢性吗啡耐受组(M组)给予吗啡10μg,ERK上游激酶抑制剂+吗啡组(P组)于给予吗啡前30 min给予丝裂原激活蛋白激酶激酶抑制剂PD98059 10μg,2次/d,连续7 d.每天第1次给药后30 min及最后一次给药后1 d时测定甩尾潜伏期,并计算最大镇痛效应百分比.最后一次测定甩尾潜伏期后取脊髓L3-5节段,采用Western blot法和免疫荧光法测定脊髓背角μ受体和磷酸化ERK1/2(p-ERK/1/2)的表达水平.结果 M组和P组随着给药时间的延长,形成了吗啡耐受,而P组吗啡耐受程度轻于M组(P＜0.05).与C组比较,M组脊髓背角μ受体表达下调,p-ERK1/2表达上调(P＜0.01).与M组比较,P组脊髓背角μ受体表达上调,p-ERK1/2表达下调(P＜0.01).结论 ERK信号通路参与了大鼠慢性吗啡耐受的形成.     

细胞外信号调节激酶在失血性休克后活性变化及其在血管反应性调节中的作用

目的 观察失血性休克后细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)的活性变化及其对休克血管反应性的影响.方法 采用72只健康成年SD大鼠,复制失血性休克模型,观察休克后不同时期大鼠肠系膜上动脉(SMA)血管组织中ERK活性的变化,同时测定血管反应性的变化;并观察改变ERK活性对休克血管反应性的影响.结果 失血性休克后,大鼠肠系膜上动脉血管组织中ERK活性升高,在休克30 min时达到最高点(为正常组的2.6倍,P＜0.01),随着休克时间的延长,ERK的活性逐渐降低,在休克后2 h降低为正常对照组的56.1%(P＜0.05);失血性休克大鼠的血管反应性变化也呈现休克早期升高、休克晚期降低的趋势.给予AngII处理可使休克2 h血管组织内ERK活性升高为休克2 h组的1.9倍(P＜0.01),同时休克血管反应性明显升高,而ERK的抑制剂PD98059可拮抗AngII诱导ERK活性增加和血管反应性升高的作用.结论 ERK在失血性休克大鼠血管反应性调节中具有重要作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the changes of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity and its role in regulation of vascular reactivity following hemorrhagic shock. Methods In 72 SD rats, the hemorrhagic shock model was adopted, the activity of ERK in the superior mesenteric artery ( SMA) of rats after shock was measured, and the vascular reactivity of SMA after shock was observed. The effect of altered ERK activity on the regulation of vascular reactivity of SMA after shock was investigated.Results After shock, the activity of ERK in SMA was increased about 2. 6 folds as compared to normal group ( P ＜0. 01) , and it reached the peak at 30 min after shock. The activity of ERK 2 h after shock was reduced to 56. 1 % of normal group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). At the same time, the vascular reactivity of SMA was also increased at early shock and decreased at late shock. Angiotensin II ( AngII) increased the activity of ERK to 1. 9 folds as compared to shock 2-h group (P ＜0. 01) , and AngII also increased the vascular reactivity of SMA at 2 h shock. PD98059, the ERK antagonist, antagonized the effect of AngII on ERK activity and vascular reactivity of the SMA. Conclusion ERK may play an important role in the regulation of vascular reactivity after hemorrhagic shock.     

细胞外信号调节激酶在胃癌中的过表达与胃癌的恶性潜能相关

目的 探讨胃癌中细胞外信号调节激酶ERK－1和ERK－2蛋白的表达与活性及其与胃癌临床病理因素的关系。方法 用固定化蛋白质印迹法检测42例胃癌及邻近正常胃粘膜中ERK-1和ERK－2蛋白及磷酸化ERK（P－ERK）的表达;免疫组织化学法分析其在细胞内的定位。结果 胃癌中ERK－1和ERK－2的蛋白表达水平明显高于正常胃粘膜（P＜0．01） ;ERK蛋白表达水平与肿瘤大小及组织学分化无关（P＞0．05）;Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌中ERK－1和ERK－2蛋白表达水平高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期胃癌（P＜0．05）;有淋巴结转移胃癌中ERK－1和ERK－2蛋白表达水平高于无淋巴结转移胃癌（P＜0．05）;侵犯浆膜胃癌中ERK－1和ERK－2蛋白表达水平高于无浆膜侵犯的胃癌（P＜0．05）;ERK－1与ERK－2蛋白在胃癌中的表达阳性呈正相关（r=0.550,P＜0．01）。ERK－1和ERK－2的蛋白表达水平与P－ERK表达水平一致。ERK蛋白主要表达于细胞浆,胃癌组织中的表达量明显高于癌旁正常胃粘膜。结论 ERK－1和ERK－2蛋白的过表达可能在胃癌的发生发展过程中发挥重要作用,与胃癌TNM分期、浆膜侵犯及淋巴结转移有关。     

靶向细胞外信号调节激酶2短发夹式RNA对人食管癌Eca109细胞增殖的影响

目的 观察靶向细胞外信号调节激酶2(ERK2)短发夹式RNA(shRNA-ERK2)对人食管癌细胞株Eca109细胞增殖的影响.方法 构建重组质粒pGeneClipTM-shRNA-ERK2脂质体介导重组质粒转染人食管癌Eca109细胞,荧光倒置显微镜观察转染效率;噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测转染食管癌Eca109细胞后细胞的增殖能力;Western blot检测转染后食管癌Eca109细胞ERK2基因的表达和凋亡抑制基因Survivin的表达.结果 测序证实载体构建成功,荧光倒置显微镜观察转染后72 h转染效率50%～70%;转染重组质粒96 h后食管癌Eca109细胞生长抑制率最高为10.45%,与阴性对照组(非特异性序列对照)和空白对照组比较抑制效果明显(P＜0.05);转染重组质粒72 h和96 h后食管癌Eca109细胞株中ERK2和Survivin的表达与U0126对照组和阴性对照组比较均下降(P＜0.05).结论 重组质粒pGeneClipTM-shRNA-ERK2在食管癌Eca109细胞株中能发挥靶基因沉默作用,影响Survivin基因的表达,抑制食管癌细胞增殖.     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对糖尿病大鼠肾脏细胞外调节蛋白激酶活性的影响

目的 观察表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）对糖尿病大鼠肾脏细胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK）活性的影响。方法 采用链脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立糖尿病大鼠模型，实验分3组：正常对照组、糖尿病模型组和EGCG干预组。EGCG干预组于模型成功后1周给予EGCG5mg·kg^-1·d^-1腹腔注射。以免疫组织化学方法检测肾组织磷酸化ERK（p-ERK）的表达。大鼠肾系膜细胞株分组：正常对照组（NG，葡萄糖5mmol／L），高糖组（HG，葡萄糖30mmol／L），HG＋EGCG1组（100μg／L），HG＋EGCG2组（200μg／L），HG＋EGCG4组（400μg／L），甘露醇组（5mmol／L葡萄糖＋25mmol／L甘露醇）。用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色（MTT）法检测细胞增殖活性；常规生化分析系膜细胞氧化应激状态；Western印迹检测ERK、p-ERK和p27蛋白表达水平。结果 EGCG呈剂量和时间依赖方式抑制高糖时系膜细胞的增殖活性及抗氧化作用。EGCG干预后糖尿病大鼠肾脏p-ERK蛋白免疫组化染色明显减弱。高糖时系膜细胞p-ERK及p27蛋白表达上调，EGCG呈剂量和时间依赖方式下调高糖时p-ERK蛋白的表达；呈剂量依赖方式下调p27蛋白的表达。结论 EGCG能有效改善糖尿病肾损伤程度，其作用机制可能是通过调节ERK活性，抑制p27蛋白表达而减少糖尿病肾病损害。     

异丙酚对小鼠海马脑片细胞外信号调节激酶ERK1/2磷酸化水平的影响

目的 观察异丙酚对小鼠海马脑片细胞外信号调节激酶ERK1／2磷酸化水平的影响。方法BALB／C小鼠，体重18～22g，雌雄不拘，迅速断头取脑，取海马用震动切片机切成450μm厚的脑片。量效实验随机将脑片分为空白对照组（C组）及不同浓度异丙酚组[10^-4mmol／L（P1组）、10^-5mmol／L（P2组）、10^-6mmol／L（P3组）、10^-7mmol／L（P4组）、10^-8mmol／L（P5组）、10^-8mmol／L（P6组）]；分别以不同浓度的异丙酚36℃恒温孵育海马脑片1h。时效实验应用5μmol／L异丙酚孵育脑片，分别于孵育即刻、1、2、5、7、9、12、15、30、60min取出脑片；取5μmol／L异丙酚孵育5min后的部分脑片，以人工脑脊液洗出异丙酚，分别于洗出2、4、7、10、25min取出脑片。应用SDS-PAGE和Westem blot生化技术及Gel Doc凝胶成像系统半定量检测小鼠海马p-ERKI／2水平。结果 异丙酚能降低ERK1／2磷酸化水平，降低呈时间、浓度依赖性（P〈0．05）。随异丙酚孵育5min后洗出时间延长，ERK1／2的磷酸化水平逐渐恢复，但洗出25min时仍明显低于药物处理前水平（P〈0．01）。结论 异丙酚能显著地抑制小鼠海马脑片细胞外信号调节激酶ERK1／2磷酸化水平。     

瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞p53基因突变的研究

目的　探讨瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中 p5 3基因第 4～ 8外显子的突变规律及其意义。　方法　取瘢痕患者手术切除的瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕标本各 12例 ,并设患者自身正常皮肤标本及血标本为对照。体外分离、培养上述组织标本的成纤维细胞。采用聚合酶链式反应 单链构象多态性(PCR SSCP)分析方法和基因测序法 ,检测各种组织成纤维细胞中p5 3基因的突变情况。　 结果　 12例瘢痕疙瘩标本中有 9例p5 3基因外显子 4、5、6、7出现点突变和移码突变 ,增生性瘢痕标本、正常皮肤标本及血标本中均未检出突变。　结论　p5 3基因突变是瘢痕疙瘩形成和发展的重要因素之一。     

胫骨癌痛大鼠脊髓细胞外信号调节激酶5活性的变化

目的 评价胫骨癌痛大鼠脊髓细胞外信号调节激酶5(ERK5)活性的变化.方法 雌性未交配SD大鼠108只,体重160～ 180 9,采用随机数字表法,将其分为3组(n=36):对照组(C组)、假手术组(S组)和胫骨癌痛组(BCP组).BCP组胫骨骨髓腔内注射Walker256乳腺癌细胞混悬液制备大鼠胫骨癌痛模型;S组胫骨骨髓腔内注射等容量生理盐水;C组不作任何处理.于接种前1d、接种后3、5、7、14和21 d时,测定机械痛阈.C组和S组于接种后21 d痛阈测定结束后随机处死6只大鼠,BCP组分别于接种后3、5、7、14和21 d痛阈测定结束后随机处死6只大鼠,取脊髓组织,采用Westernblot法测定脊髓背角磷酸化ERK5(p-ERK5)、ERK5和Fos蛋白的表达.结果 C组和S组各时点机械痛阈、脊髓背角p-ERK5、ERK5和Fos蛋白的表达差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与C组和S组比较,BCP组接种后7-21 d时机械痛阈下降,接种后5-21 d时脊髓p-ERK5和Fos蛋白表达上调(P＜0.05),ERK5表达差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 大鼠胫骨骨髓腔内注射肿瘤细胞可能通过增强脊髓ERK5活性,导致其下游Fos蛋白的释放,从而诱发骨癌痛.     

盐酸戊乙奎醚预处理对小鼠反复缺血?再灌注脑损伤时细胞外信号调节激酶1/2的影响

目的探讨盐酸戊乙奎醚预处理对小鼠反复缺血-再灌注(ischemia reperfusion, IR)脑损伤时细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)的影响。方法 SPF级成年C57BL/6J小鼠96只,6～8周龄,体重16～25 g,按照随机数字表法分为三组:盐酸戊乙奎醚组(PHC组)、IR组和假手术组(Sham组),每组32只。Sham组腹腔注射等容量生理盐水,30 min后分离双侧颈总动脉但不夹闭;IR组腹腔注射等容量生理盐水,30 min后分离并夹闭双侧颈总动脉,建立反复IR脑损伤模型;PHC组腹腔注射盐酸戊乙奎醚1.0 mg/kg,30 min后采用双侧颈总动脉夹闭术建立反复IR脑损伤模型。采用Morris水迷宫实验评估术前及术后学习记忆能力,随后处死小鼠,留取海马组织并测定其湿/干重比(W/D)。采用伊文斯蓝(EB)法检测血脑屏障的通透性。采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)测定海马组织ERK1/2 mRNA表达量,Western blot法测定海马组织磷酸化ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2)蛋白含量。结果与Sham组比较,术后3、7 d IR组逃避潜伏期和游泳距离明显延长(P0.05)。与IR组比较,术后3、7 d PHC组逃避潜伏期和游泳距离明显缩短(P0.05)。与Sham组比较,IR组海马组织W/D和脑组织EB含量明显升高P0.05)。与IR组比较,PHC组海马组织W/D和脑组织EB含量明显降低(P0.05)。与Sham组比较,IR组海马组织ERK1/2 mRNA表达量和p-ERK1/2蛋白含量明显升高(P0.05)。与IR组比较,PHC组海马组织ERK1/2 mRNA表达量和p-ERK1/2蛋白含量明显降低(P0.05)。结论盐酸戊乙奎醚预处理可通过抑制海马组织ERK 1/2激活而减轻小鼠反复缺血-再灌注脑损伤并改善其学习记忆能力。