AG490及5-Aza对大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的影响及分子机制

【摘要】 目的 探讨JAK2/STAT3通路抑制剂AG490及DNA甲基化抑制剂5-Aza对血小板源性生长因子-BB（PDGF-BB）诱导的大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞（PASMCs）增殖的影响及意义。方法 采用CCK8检测不同浓度AG490及5-Aza对PDGF-BB诱导PASMCs增殖的影响;将细胞分为对照组（正常的PASMCs）、0μM 组（予30 μg/L PDGF-BB 孵育48h)和25μM/1μM组、50μM/3μM组、100μM/5μM组（25μM/1μM组、50μM/3μM组、100μM/5μM组分别给予25/1、50/3、100/5μmol/L AG490/5-Aza共同孵育细胞）。采用RT-qPCR检测IL-6、GATA6、JAK2及STAT3 mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测GATA6、p-JAK2及p-STAT3蛋白的表达。结果 与对照组比较,0 μM AG490组IL-6、JAK2、STAT3mRNA表达均增加,GATA6mRNA及蛋白水平降低,p-JAK2/JAK2和p-STAT3/STAT3表达升高（P＜0.05）。与0μM AG490组比较,25、50、100μM AG490组细胞增殖减少,IL-6、JAK2和STAT3mRNA的表达均降低,GATA6mRNA及蛋白表达升高,p-JAK2/JAK2水平降低（均P＜0.05）,50和100μM组中p-STAT3/STAT3水平降低（均P＜0.05）;与0μM 5-Aza组相比,1μM、3μM、5μM 5-Aza组细胞增殖减少,IL-6mRNA表达降低,GATA6蛋白、p STAT3/STAT3表达增高,p-JAK2/JAK2水平降低（均P＜0.05）,JAK2、STAT3mRNA水平无显著差异（P＞0.05）;3μM和5μM 5-Aza组中GATA6mRNA表达增高(P＜0.05)。结论 AG490及5-Aza对 PDGF-BB诱导的PASMCs增殖具有抑制作用,该作用可能与阻断JAK2/STAT3信号通路,抑制IL-6调节GATA6启动子甲基化有关。     

rhIL-11通过激活JAK/STAT3/HIF-1α/EMT通路促进肺腺癌A549细胞转移机制

【摘要】 目的 探讨重组人白细胞介素11（rhIL-11）通过激活JAK/STAT3/HIF-1α/EMT通路促进肺腺癌A549细胞侵袭转移的机制。方法 将人肺腺癌A549细胞分为rhIL-11 0μg/L组（对照组）、rhIL-11 10μg/L组、rhIL-11 40μg/L组、rhIL-11 80μg/L组、rhIL-11 0μg/L+AG490（JAK抑制剂）组、rhIL-11 10μg/L+AG490组、rhIL-11 40μg/L+AG490组和rhIL-11 80μg/L+AG490组共8组,采用划痕试验和Transwell侵袭试验了解rhIL-11对细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响。用qRT PCR和Western Blot法检测肿瘤细胞中STAT3、HIF-1α、Twist和E Cadherin等基因的mRNA和蛋白表达。 结果 rhIL-11促进肺癌A549细胞迁移和侵袭能力增强,且随着rhIL-11浓度的增高而增强,各组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。与对照组比较,rhIL-11 80μg/L组的STAT3、HIF-1α和Twist等基因的mRNA和蛋白表达量均明显增加（P＜0.05）,而E Cadherin基因的mRNA和蛋白表达量均明显减低（P＜0.05）。与rhIL-11 80μg/L 组比较,rhIL-11 80μg/L+AG490组的STAT3、HIF 1α和Twist的mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低（P＜0.01）。结论 rhIL-11促进肺癌A549细胞侵袭转移,其机制可能是通过激活JAK/STAT3/HIF-1α/EMT信号通路促进转移。     

IL-1β辅助小胶质细胞M1型活化的作用机制研究

目的探讨IL-1茁辅助小胶质细胞M1型活化的作用和机制。方法将BV2细胞分为对照（Control）组、脂多糖（LPS）组、LPS+IL-1茁组。Control组常规培养;LPS组用终浓度为1mg/L的LPS处理;LPS+IL-1β组先用15滋g/L的IL-1β预处理6h,再用终浓度为1mg/L的LPS处理。LPS的处理时间为24h。酪氨酸激酶（JAK1）抑制剂IN-7处理的实验中,将BV2细胞分为LPS组、LPS+IL-1茁组、LPS+IL-1茁+IN-7组,其中LPS+IL-1茁+IN-7组在IL-1茁处理前6h用0.5滋mol/LIN-7预处理,阻断JAK1,其余处理同前。采用ELISA法检测培养基中IL-6、TNF-琢、一氧化氮（NO）和前列腺素G2（PEG2）水平;免疫荧光染色观察BV2细胞中CD86的荧光强度;Westernblot法检测M1型标志物单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）、趋化因子8（CXCL-8）的表达以及JAK1-信号转导及转录激活蛋白1（STAT1）信号蛋白JAK1、STAT1、磷酸化的JAK1（p-JAK1）、磷酸化的STAT1（p-STAT1）的表达。结果与LPS组比较,LPS+IL-1β组培养基中在3、6、12、18、24h时IL-6、TNF-α、NO和PEG2表达水平均上调（均P＜0.05）,细胞中CD86荧光强度上调（P＜0.05）,细胞中MCP-1、CXCL-8、JAK1、p-JAK1、p-STAT1蛋白表达水平均上调（均P＜0.05）。而IN-7处理后,与LPS+IL-1β组比较,LPS+IL-1β+IN-7组培养基在3、6、12、18、24h时IL-6、TNF-α、NO和PEG2表达水平均下调（均P＜0.05）,细胞中CD86荧光强度下调（P＜0.05）,细胞中MCP-1、CXCL-8、JAK1、STAT1、p-JAK1、p-STAT1蛋白表达水平均下调（均P＜0.05）。结论IL-1β可以通过激活JAK1-STAT1信号,进一步促进小胶质细胞M1型活化,这是神经炎症进展的机制之一。     

基于JAK2/STAT3通路探讨阿奇霉素对脂多糖诱导肺泡上皮细胞的保护作用

目的 探究阿奇霉素(AZI)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的人肺泡上皮细胞增殖生长、迁移的作用及相关机制。方法 体外培养人肺泡上皮细胞A549,分为对照组(不做干预)、LPS组(10μg/ml LPS处理24 h)、低/中/高剂量实验组(10μg/ml LPS+2、4、8μg/ml AZI)、AZI组(10μg/ml LPS+4μg/ml AZI)、抑制剂组(10μg/ml LPS+50μmol/L JAK2/STAT3通路抑制剂AG490)、AZI+抑制剂组(10μg/ml LPS+4μg/ml AZI+50μmol/L AG490)、AZI+激活剂组(10μg/ml LPS+4μg/ml AZI+0.5μmol/L JAK2/STAT3通路激活剂Colivelin)。干预24 h后,采用细胞计数试剂盒-8(CCK-8)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、倒置显微镜、划痕法、蛋白免疫印迹(WB)法检测炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-6表达水平、细胞生长、迁移率、上皮间质转化(EMT)及JAK2/STAT3信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。结果 LPS组细胞活力较对照组下降(P<0.05)。中/高剂量实验组细胞活力较LPS组上升(P<0.05)。因此选择有显著差异的较低浓度(4μg/ml AZI)作为AZI组进行后续实验。与对照组相比,LPS组细胞生长受抑制,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)表达降低(P<0.05),细胞迁移率、N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)、纤维粘连蛋白(FN)、p-JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。与LPS组相比,AZI组和抑制剂组显著扭转了上述指标的变化(P<0.05)。与AZI组相比,AZI+抑制剂组细胞生长状态较好,E-cadherin蛋白表达进一步升高(P<0.05),细胞迁移率、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、N-cadherin、Vimentin、FN、p-JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白表达进一步降低(P<0.05),AZI+激活剂组则显著逆转了上述指标的变化(P<0.05)。结论 阿奇霉素能够通过抑制JAK2/STAT3信号通路减轻对A549细胞的炎症损伤,促进细胞生长,并抑制其迁移与上皮间质转化(EMT)进程。     

2型糖尿病大血管病变患者血清诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞中JAK2/STAT3信号通路的表达

目的 探讨Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶2/信号转导子和转录激活子3(JAK2/STAT3)信号通路在2型糖尿病大血管病变发病机制中的作用.方法 取健康志愿者、单纯2型糖尿病患者和2型糖尿病大血管病变患者的血清孵育人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)24 h,通过给予JAK2特异性抑制剂AG490阻断JAK2/STAT3信号通路,并将细胞按不同处理方式分为对照组(NC组)、单纯糖尿病组(DM组)、糖尿病大血管病变组(DV组)、单纯糖尿病+AG490组(DM+AG490组)及糖尿病大血管病变+AG490组(DV+AG490组),各30例.采用实时定量PCR技术检测各组细胞JAK2、STA T3、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和血管内皮生长因子受体(FLT1)mRNA表达水平,蛋白质印迹法检测JAK2、STAT3和磷酸化STAT3 (p-STAT3)蛋白表达量.结果 与NC组比较,DM组和DV组HUVEC细胞内JAK2、STA T3mRNA和JAK2、p-STAT3的蛋白表达水平均上调(P＜0.05),且DV组JAK2、STA T3 mRNA和JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平均高于DM组(P＜0.05).DM+AG490组和DV+AG490组的JAK2、STA T3 rnRNA和JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平分别低于DM组、DV组(P＜0.05).与NC组和DM组比较,DV组VEF和FLT1 mRNA的表达水平上调(P＜0.05);而与DV组比较,DV+AG490组VEGF和FLT1 mRNA的表达水平均下调(P＜0.05).结论 JAK2/STAT3信号通路可能参与2型糖尿病大血管病变的发病过程.     

TGF-β1通过JAK2/STAT3信号对胃癌细胞侵袭和转移的影响

目的 探讨TGF-β1通过JAK2/STAT3信号对胃癌细胞侵袭和转移的影响。 方法 将10%FBS/F12 配制成的0 μg/L（0 μg/L组）、1.0 μg/L（1.0 μg/L组）、10 μg/L（10 μg/L组）、50 μg/L（50 μg/L组）四种浓度的 TGF-β1加入BGC-823细胞中,根据HE染色观察细胞的形态,RT-PCR、Westernblot法检测JAK2 、STAT3表达与蛋白的变化。流式细胞术、细胞克隆实验检测细胞凋亡情况,细胞克隆情况。 结果 在0 μg /L组中,细胞核呈椭圆形,形状规则,且细胞排列松散。随着TGF-β1浓度增加,细胞开始逐渐增多,细胞多为圆形,多个细胞聚集,出现巨核细胞或多核细胞,50 μg/L组与其他组相比细胞数量最多（P＜0.05）。经0、1.0、10、50 μg/L的TGF-β1处理后细胞中JAK2与STAT3的表达水平,发现0 μg/L组JAK2、STAT3表达最低（P＜0.05）,随着TGF-β1的浓度增加,JAK2、STAT3表达也增加（P＜0.05）。0 μg/L组JAK2与STAT3蛋白表达最低,50 μg/L组JAK2与STAT3蛋白表达最高,随着TGF-β1浓度增加JAK2与STAT3蛋白也明显上升,蛋白表达与浓度成正比（P＜0.05）。不同浓度TGF-β1处理后,0 μg/L组细胞凋亡最多,50 μg/L组细胞凋亡最少,随浓度增加依次减少（P＜0.05）。细胞克隆实验检测发现在0 μg/L组BGC-823的单克隆群数最少,而50 μg/L组细胞单克隆群数显著增加,随着TGF-β1浓度增加BGC-823单克隆形成率有上升趋势（P＜0.05）。结论 TGF-β1通过活化JAK2/STAT3信号传输路径,增强胃癌细胞的浸润和转移。     

AG490通过JAK-STAT信号转导系统对体外培养子宫内膜癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的应用AG490作用于子宫内膜癌细胞系,观察其对癌细凋亡情况的影响。方法运用不同浓度AG490处理细胞,作为实验组,不加入任何药物的细胞作为空白对照。流式细胞技术检测加入10μmo1/L、20μmol/L、40μmol AG490对子宫内膜癌细胞作用48h后细胞的凋亡情况。S-P法检测AG490作用48h后,子宫内膜癌细胞JAK、p-Stat3、bcl-2表达情况并分析AG490对其表达的影响。结果 AG490促进子宫内膜癌细胞系凋亡并有浓度依赖效应。不同浓度AG490处理细胞后,s-p检测发现各个实验组中免疫组化结果JAK2、p-stat3、bcl-2蛋白表达水平降低（P〈0.05）。结论 AG490可能成为治疗子宫内膜癌的新药物。     

Fractalkine 通过激活 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路抑制脂多糖诱导的巨噬细胞M1型极化

目的 研究Fractalkine（CX3CL1,FKN）对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞免疫应答的作用机制。方法 体外培养RAW264.7细胞,使用慢病毒技术构建过表达FKN的稳定细胞珠。细胞分为8组：（1）空白对照组;（2）LPS组,细胞给予脂多糖（1 μg/mL,12 h）;（3）ICG-001组,细胞给与Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制剂ICG-001（10 μmol/mL,48 h）;（4）过表达FKN组;（5）ICG-001+LPS组,细胞给与ICG-001（10 μmol/mL预处理36 h）后,加入脂多糖（1 μg/mL,12 h）;（6）过表达FKN+LPS组,过表达 FKN细胞给与脂多糖（1 μg/mL,12 h）;（7）过表达FKN+ICG-001组,过表达FKN细胞给予ICG-001（10 μmol/mL,48 h）;（8）过表达 FKN+ICG-001+LPS 组,过表达 FKN 细胞给与 ICG-001（10 μmol/mL 预处理 36 h）后,加入脂多糖（1 μg/mL,12 h）;应用 CCK-8细胞增殖实验检测ICG-001作用于巨噬细胞中的安全浓度;应用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）实验检测巨噬细胞上清液中M1型极化因子TNF-α和IL-6的含量;应用蛋白质免疫印记（WB）实验检测巨噬细胞中FKN、Wnt/β-catenin通路关键因子Wnt-4和β-catenin、M1型极化因子iNOS、TNF-α和IL-6的蛋白表达水平;应用免疫荧光（IF）实验检测巨噬细胞中M1型极化因子IL-6蛋白的定位。结果 过表达FKN的RAW264.7细胞中FKN的蛋白水平较空白对照组明显升高（P<0.01）。CCK-8实验显示ICG-001作用于RAW264.7细胞48 h的IC50为10 μmol/mL。与LPS组相比,ICG-001+LPS组上清液中TNF-α和IL-6的分泌量以及细胞内TNF-α、IL-6和iNOS蛋白含量均升高（P<0.05）,而细胞内FKN、Wnt-4和β-catenin蛋白含量均显著降低（P<0.01）;EXFKN+LPS组上清液中TNF-α和IL-6的分泌量以及细胞内TNF-α、IL-6和iNOS蛋白含量均显著降低（P<0.01）,而细胞内FKN、Wnt-4和β-catenin蛋白含量均显著升高（P<0.01）。与LPS组相比,ICG-001+LPS组中IL-6在细胞质中的定位增强,而EXFKN+LPS组中IL-6在细胞质中的定位受到抑制。结论 过表达FKN通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制脂多糖诱导的巨噬细胞M1型极化。     

LncRNA MEG3表达量与脂多糖诱导支气管上皮细胞增殖及凋亡和炎症因子分泌的关系

【摘要】 目的 探讨长链非编码RNA母系表达基因3（LncRNA MEG3）对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的支气管上皮细胞增殖、凋亡及炎症因子分泌的影响。 方法 体外培养支气管上皮细胞16HBE,LPS处理16HBE细胞建立炎症损伤模型。采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法检测白细胞介素-8（IL-8）与白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的含量;甲基噻唑基四唑（MTT）检测细胞增殖率;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测LPS诱导的16HBE细胞中MEG3的表达水平。取对数生长期支气管上皮细胞,用50 μg/mL的LPS处理细胞24 h作为LPS组,正常培养的细胞作为NC组,将Si-MEG3、Si-con、pcDNA-MEG3、pcDNA转染主支气管上皮细胞48 h,随后使用50 μg/mL的LPS处理细胞24 h,分别命名为LPS+si-MEG3组、LPS+si-con组、LPS+pcDNA-MEG3组、LPS+pcDNA组。通过MTT与流式细胞术检测细胞增殖能力及凋亡能力的改变;蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测活化的含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3（Cleaved caspase-3）、活化的含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶9（Cleaved caspase-9）、细胞周期蛋白1（CyclinD1）的蛋白表达量。 结果 与NC组相比,LPS组IL-8、IL-1β水平、细胞凋亡率及Cleaved caspase-3、Cleaved caspase-9蛋白的表达水平均显著升高（P＜0.05）,细胞增殖率及CyclinD1蛋白、MEG3的表达水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）;干扰MEG3表达可促进LPS诱导的支气管上皮细胞凋亡及抑制细胞增殖,与LPS+si-con组相比,LPS+si-MEG3组支气管上皮细胞中MEG3的表达水平、细胞增殖率、CyclinD1蛋白相对表达量显著降低（P＜0.05）,IL-8、IL-1β水平、细胞凋亡率、Cleaved caspase-3、Cleaved caspase-9蛋白相对表达量显著升高（P＜0.05）;与LPS+pcDNA组相比,LPS+pcDNA-MEG3组支气管上皮细胞中IL-8、IL-1β水平、细胞凋亡率及Cleaved caspase-3、Cleaved caspase-9蛋白的相对表达水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）,MEG3的表达水平、细胞增殖率及CyclinD1的表达水平均显著升高（均P＜0.05）。 结论 LncRNA MEG3过表达能够促进LPS诱导的支气管上皮细胞增殖,抑制细胞凋亡,减少炎症因子分泌。     

IL-27通过STAT3信号通路改善脂多糖诱导的小鼠急性肺炎

目的：探讨IL-27通过调控STAT3信号通路在脂多糖（LPS）诱导的小鼠急性肺炎中的作用。方法：32只雄性小鼠随机分为正常对照组、LPS组、LPS+IL-27组、LPS+IL-27抗体组,每组8只。麻醉处死后取小鼠肺脏,HE染色观察各组小鼠肺组织损伤情况;qRT-PCR检测各组小鼠肺组织及血清中STAT3、SOCS3的mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测各组小鼠肺组织中STAT3、p-STAT3、SOCS3的蛋白表达水平;采用ELISA法分别检测肺组织匀浆及血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-10、TGF-β1的表达水平。免疫组织化学及Western blot检测TNF-α、IL-1β在肺组织中的蛋白表达。结果：HE染色结果发现,正常对照组,LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组肺泡结构被破坏,肺泡壁弥漫性增厚,有明显的炎性细胞浸润;LPS+IL-27组病理改变较LPS组明显减轻,炎性细胞浸润减少。与正常对照组比,LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组小鼠肺组织STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平显著升高（P＜0.05）;LPS+IL-27组较LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组显著降低（P＜0.05）,LPS+IL-27组SOCS3表达水平显著高于LPS+IL-27抗体组（P＜0.05）。各组小鼠肺组织及血清TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平较正常对照组均显著升高（P＜0.05）;LPS+IL-27组TNF-α、IL-1β表达水平较LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组显著降低（P＜0.05）;LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组IL-10表达水平均显著高于正常对照组（P＜0.05）;LPS+IL-27组IL-10、TGF-β1的表达水平均显著高于LPS+IL-27抗体组（P＜0.05）。免疫组织化学结果显示,与正常对照组比,LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组TNF-α阳性表达主要表达在细胞浆中,IL-1β阳性表达主要表达与细胞膜与细胞浆中,Western blot结果发现TNF-α、IL-1β在肺组织中均呈高表达（P＜0.05）;LPS+IL-27组TNF-α、IL-1β的表达水平较LPS组和LPS+IL-27抗体组显著降低（P＜0.05）。结论：外源性IL-27可能通过抑制STAT3信号通路相关蛋白磷酸化水平改善LPS诱导的小鼠急性肺炎。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.