Spontaneous rupture of a renal angiosarcoma.

Here we describe the clinical, radiologic, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of a rare spontaneous rupture of renal angiosarcoma detected in the left kidney of a 55-year-old male. Due to the rarity of this neoplasm (less than 15 cases have been reported), there is no unanimous consensus for therapy following radical nephrectomy. In our case there was no flank trauma and retroperitoneal haematoma around the left kidney was seen on computed tomography. The patient underwent left radical nephrectomy and died about 3 months after operation due to multiple bone and liver metastases. To our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous rupture of renal angiosarcoma and we suggest that it should be borne in mind that renal angiosarcoma may be a cause of retroperitoneal haematomas.     

Long‐term follow up of renal anastomosing hemangioma mimicking renal angiosarcoma

Anastomosing hemangioma of the kidney is a very rare neoplasm, currently 19 cases have been reported in the literature. First described in 2009, histopathologically anastomosing hemangioma is similar to aggressive angiosarcoma. No long‐term follow‐up data of anastomosing hemangioma have been described yet. Here, we present the case of a healthy 56‐year‐old man diagnosed in 2002 with a 7 × 5‐cm anastomosing hemangioma mimicking an aggressive renal angiosarcoma. The patient underwent nephrectomy and has been followed up disease free for 13 years.     

Renal angiosarcoma

Renal angiosarcoma, an uncommon vascular sarcoma, is primarily treated surgically. We present a patient who, at nephrectomy, had tumor adherent to the diaphragm and renal artery. Postoperative radiation was given to the renal fossa. Despite the subsequent development of bone and liver metastases, disease in the renal fossa was apparently controlled. Symptomatic bone lesions were effectively palliated with radiotherapy. This report confirms those of others suggesting that angiosarcoma does respond to radiation.     

肾原发性上皮样血管肉瘤伴肾盂移行细胞癌

作者报道应用临床病理学、免疫组织化学和电子显微镜检查，发现１例左肾原发性上皮样血管肉瘤伴肾盂移行细胞癌。该病例第八因子相关抗原、荆豆凝集素、内皮细胞抗体、波形蛋白、细胞角蛋白和上皮膜抗原（ＦⅧＲＡ、ＵＥＡ、ＣＤ３１、Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ、Ｃｙｔｏｋｅｒｅｔｉｎ和ＥＭＡ）阳性，电镜查见Ｗ－Ｐ小体。作者认为该病是一种罕见肿瘤，预后差，其形态学和免疫组织化学类似于上皮性肿瘤，易导致误诊。电镜和内皮性标志物ＦⅧＲＡ、ＣＤ３１、ＵＥＡ的联合应用可确诊本瘤。     

Education Primary angiosarcoma of the breast: a case report with a review of the literature

Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare malignant mammary neoplasm. Once regarded as uniformly fatal, it is now recognized as a group of morphologically heterogeneous neoplasms in which histological grade is prognostically significant. This report describes a new case of primary angiosarcoma of the breast, and reviews the literature with regards to its diagnosis and management.In the reporting of angiosarcoma of the breast, the location of the tumour, whether in the skin or the breast proper, should be specified. Histological grading is important as it carries significance regarding the prognosis and any possible further therapy. The clinical context should be appreciated, and we should be aware that non-malignant vascular lesions can also occur in an irradiated breast. The procedure of choice in primary breast angiosarcoma is simple mastectomy without lymphadenectomy but also, in tumours of higher grade, adjuvant chemotherapy may be indicated.     

Early diagnosis and straight forward surgery of an asymptomatic primary angiosarcoma of the kidney led to long-term survival

We report the first case of a diagnosis of an asymptomatic primary renal angiosarcoma. The patient underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy and is alive after long-term follow up. We provide the preoperative imaging studies and the histologic features of this exceedingly rare tumor.     

Primary renal angiosarcoma

Primary renal Angiosarcoma is a rare neoplasm and only 24 cases have been reported in specialized literature. We describe a case of primary renal angiosarcoma in a patient presenting with hematuria, palpable abdominal mass, left flank pain and anemia. A computerized tomography of the abdomen with contrast medium showed a tumor with 15 cm diameter, in the upper pole of the left kidney, with a low-density central area, suggesting necrosis or hemorrhage. Diagnosis was given in a morphologic base and proven by an immunohistochemical study. Primary renal angiosarcoma should be included among differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal hematoma and hemorrhagic renal tumors.     

Transplantation in patients with primary renal malignancies.

Seventy-three patients with primary renal neoplasms underwent kidney transplantation. Three distinct groups were identified. Thirty-four patients (group 1), who underwent antineoplastic therapy 1 year or less before transplantation, developed metastases or recurrences in 53% of the cases. In contrast, none of 15 patients in group 2 had this problem. All of these patients had a waiting period of at least 15 months between nephrectomy and transplantation. These findings emphasize the value of a lengthy waiting period between treatment of the neoplasm and performance of transplantation with its associated immunosuppressive therapy. Group 3 also had a favorable outcome. All had incidentally discovered renal malignancies, in 18 patients during the work-up of chronic renal failure or after bilateral nephrectomy in preparation for renal transplantation, and in 6 several months after transplantation when the recipient's own kidneys were removed or autopsy examination was performed. None of these 24 patients developed recurrences or metastases.     

原发性肾血管肉瘤一例报告并文献复习

目的探讨原发性肾血管肉瘤的临床特点、治疗及预后。方法回顾分析1例经病理证实的原发性肾血管肉瘤病例临床资料,结合国内外相关文献对本病进行讨论。结果患者在全麻下行腹腔镜左肾肿瘤根治性切除,术后病理检查证实为肾血管肉瘤,随访至今15个月,肿瘤未复发。结论原发性肾血管肉瘤早期症状不明显,影像学检查对本病的诊断有一定价值,确诊主要依靠病理及免疫组织化学检查。一旦怀疑本病应早期采取手术切除治疗。     

Rupture of the spleen in angiosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature

Splenic angiosarcoma is a rare neoplasm originating from endothelial cells of the blood vessels. Its incidence is about 0.14-0.25 per million. We report the case of a patient admitted in a state of hypovolaemic shock with haemoperitoneum due to rupture of the spleen. Splenectomy was performed with evacuation of the haemorrhagic effusion. The blood was aspirated and in part instilled during the operation through intraoperative blood salvage due to the large haemoperitoneum. Histological examination revealed a splenic angiosarcoma. Splenic angiosarcoma should be suspected in cases of splenomegaly with unknown anaemia and no lymphoma, leukaemia or myelofibrosis, because of its neoplastic aggressiveness and its invariably fatal outcome. It is important to perform a splenectomy before splenic rupture owing to its negative impact on long-term survival.     

Percutaneous decompression: treatment for respiratory distress secondary to multicystic dysplastic kidney

Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a common renal anomaly in the newborn. Long-term problems, such as pain, infection, hypertension and neoplasm, although infrequent, have been reported. Acute, life-threatening complications resulting from the size of the affected kidney are rare and emergency nephrectomy has been the only reported effective therapy. We present a case of ultrasound-guided percutaneous cyst decompression used as definitive treatment of respiratory failure associated with multicystic dysplastic kidney.     

Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: 3 case reports]

We report 3 cases of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, which is an uncommon neoplasm consisting of a typical renal cell carcinoma associated intimately with a sarcomatoid component. All patients were symptomatic at hospitalization and underwent nephrectomy. Two patients died of metastatic renal cancer within a year, and another is alive without evidence of metastasis for 12 months after the surgery. Because sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma has a highly malignant behavior and poor prognosis, an adjuvant treatment effective in controlling the disease is awaited.     

Aortic Angiosarcoma Presenting as Distal Arterial Embolization

Aortic angiosarcoma is a rare, malignant neoplasm of the vasculature, with 24 case reports in the literature. Patients usually present with either aneurysmal or occlusive disease. Treatment consists of en bloc resection of the vessel and contiguous structures with postoperative chemoradiation therapy. Despite surgery and adjunctive measures, prognosis remains dismal as a result of early metastasis and late diagnosis. We report a case of aortic angiosarcoma that presented with distal thromboembolic phenomenon.     

Renal adenocarcinoma with solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland: report of 2 cases and review of the literature

We report 2 rare cases of renal adenocarcinoma with solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland, 1 recognized synchronously with the primary neoplasm and 1 found 15 years after nephrectomy. The latter case represents the longest reported interval between nephrectomy and treatment of a solitary contralateral adrenal metastasis of renal adenocarcinoma. Distinction of these metastatic tumors from primary adrenocortical carcinoma was facilitated by immunohistochemical markers. Twelve other reported cases of renal adenocarcinoma with solitary contralateral adrenal metastasis support aggressive surgical management of this lesion.     

Bilateral synchronous renal cell carcinoma: report of three cases

We report here three cases of bilateral synchronous renal cell carcinoma. One of the 3 patients underwent bilateral partial nephrectomy, while the other 2 underwent combined partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy. All patients received adjuvant therapy of interferon-alpha and tegafur uracil. In the management of synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma, we discussed the selection of surgical procedure for primary lesions, i.e., based on the renal function of both sides, and the necessity of adjuvant therapy in such cases.     

Radically resected epithelioid angiosarcoma that originated in the mediastinum

Angiosarcoma is a rare neoplasm, accounting for only 1%–2% of all sarcomas. It occurs most frequently in the skin and soft tissue and rarely in the thoracic region. To our knowledge, a mediastinal angiosarcoma is extremely rare. We report on the surgical resection of a rare case of giant epithelioid angiosarcoma originating in the anterior mediastinum, followed by six courses of adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin + ifosfamide). The patient is alive and asymptomatic 1 year after surgery. As the prognosis for unresectable cases is generally dismal, surgical resection and adjuvant therapy can be an option for mediastinal angiosarcoma.     

Primary renal angiosarcoma: a rare malignancy. A case report and review of the literature

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor occurring in less than 2% of soft tissue sarcomas. Angiosarcoma involving the kidney usually represents metastasis from skin or visceral primary lesions, while angiosarcoma primarily occurring in the kidney is a very rare neoplasm. In the English literature, from 1942 to the present, only 19 cases of primary kidney angiosarcoma have been reported. A case of primary renal angiosarcoma presenting as a large kidney mass and flank pain occurring after traumatism is reported. The present case represents further evidence of a rare malignancy.     

Ganglioneuroma of the adrenal gland associated with a contralateral renal carcinoma]

A case of ganglioneuroma of the adrenal gland associated with contralateral renal cell carcinoma is presented. Both the lesions underwent surgical therapy: of left adrenalectomy and right nephrectomy. The benign nature of the ganglioneuroma and the low staging (T2) of the renal neoplasm explain the positive exitus of the treatment: the patient is alive and free from disease after five years from the operation.     

腹膜后腹腔镜肾癌根治术与开放手术临床疗效的对比研究

目的 评价经腹膜后腹腔镜肾癌根治术和开放式肾癌根治术的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析30例后腹腔镜肾癌根治性手术（A组）及42例开放肾癌根治性手术患者（B组）的临床资料。结果 两组手术均获成功。与B组相比,A组术中出血量少(p＜0.05)。A组平均手术时间较B组手术时间长,但二者之间差异无统计学意义(p＞0.05)。A组在...     

肾动脉栓塞术在肾癌治疗中的应用(附67例报告)

目的：探讨肾动脉栓塞术在肾癌治疗中的应用价值。方法：对59例肾癌患者术前行肾动脉栓塞术，采用选择性肾动脉栓塞术姑息治疗8例晚期肾癌患者。结果：59例肾癌患术前行肾动脉栓塞术后。术中平均出血量为114ml，无一例并发症发生；8例晚期肾癌患者行栓塞术后，血尿1周后消失，1-3个月后复查肿块明显缩小。结论：在肾癌术前行肾动脉栓塞术十分有效；对晚期肾癌作肾动脉栓塞姑息治疗能有效控制症状，使肿块缩小，是一种有效的治疗方法。