Usefulness of biodegradable stents constructed of poly-l-lactic acid monofilaments in patients with benign esophageal stenosis

AIM: To report 13 patients with benign esophageal stenosis treated with the biodegradable stent. METHODS: We developed a Ultraflex-type stent by knitting poly-l-lactic acid monofilaments. RESULTS: Two cases were esophageal stenosis caused by drinking of caustic liquid, 4 cases were due to surgical resection of esophageal cancers, and 7 cases were patients with esophageal cancer who received the preventive placement of biodegradable stents for post- endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD) stenosis. The preventive placement was performed within 2 to 3 d after ESD. In 10 of the 13 cases, spontaneous migration of the stents occurred between 10 to 21 d after placement. In these cases, the migrated stents were excreted with the feces, and no obstructive complications were experienced. In 3 cases, the stents remained at the proper location on d 21 after placement. No symptoms of re-stenosis were observed within the follow-up period of 7 mo to 2 years. Further treatment with balloon dilatation or replacement of the biodegradable stent was not required. CONCLUSION: Biodegradable stents were useful for the treatment of benign esophageal stenosis, particularly for the prevention of post-ESD stenosis.     

Effect of polyglycolic acid sheet plus esophageal stent placement in preventing esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with earlystage esophageal cancer: A randomized,controlled trial

AIM To assess the effect of polyglycolic acid(PGA) plus stent placement compared with stent placement alone in the prevention of post-endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) esophageal stricture in early-stage esophageal cancer(EC) patients. METHODS Seventy EC patients undergoing ESD were enrolled in this randomized, controlled study. Patients were allocated randomly at a 1:1 ratio into two groups as follows:(1) PGA plus stent group(PGA sheet-coated stent placement was performed); and(2) Stent group(only stent placement was performed). This study was registered on http://www.chictr.org.cn(No. chictrinr-16008709). RESULTS The occurrence rate of esophageal stricture in the PGA plus stent group was 20.5%(n = 7), which was lower than that in the stent group(46.9%, n = 15)(P = 0.024). The mean value of esophageal stricture time was 59.6 ± 16.1 d and 70.7 ± 28.6 d in the PGA plus stent group and stent group(P = 0.174), respectively. Times of balloon dilatation in the PGA plus stent group were less than those in the stent group [4(2-5) vs 6(1-14), P = 0.007]. The length(P = 0.080) and diameter(P = 0.061) of esophageal strictures were numerically decreased in the PGA plus stent group, whereas no difference in location(P = 0.232) between the two groups was found. Multivariate logistic analysis suggested that PGA plus stent placement(P = 0.026) was an independent predictive factor for a lower risk of esophageal stricture, while location in the middle third(P = 0.034) and circumferential range = 1/1(P = 0.028) could independently predict a higher risk of esophageal stricture in EC patients after ESD. CONCLUSION PGA plus stent placement is more effective in preventing post-ESD esophageal stricture compared with stent placement alone in EC patients with earlystage disease.     

聚乙醇酸网片联合口服激素对巨大早期食管癌内镜黏膜下剥离术后食管狭窄的预防作用

为了评估聚乙醇酸网片（polyglycolic acid sheet,PGA）联合口服激素用于巨大早期食管癌内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）后食管狭窄的预防作用,收集2013年1月至2024年3月间在华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院行ESD治疗,术后病理证实为早期食管癌,术后缺损≥3/4食管管周,采用单纯口服激素（单纯口服激素组,n=27）或PGA联合口服激素（PGA联合口服激素组,n=18）预防术后食管狭窄的45例病例纳入回顾性研究,对比分析发现：PGA联合口服激素组术后食管狭窄率明显低于单纯口服激素组［44.4%（8/18）比74.1%（20/27）,χ2=4.034,P=0.043］,且≥3/4管周的非环周型食管缺损病例中,PGA联合口服激素组仅有1例［9.1%（1/11）］发生术后食管狭窄,而单纯口服激素组有10例［62.5%（10/16）］发生术后食管狭窄;在随访过程中,未观察到激素使用的严重并发症,也未观察到与PGA使用相关的不良事件。以上结果初步说明,PGA联合口服激素预防巨大早期食管癌ESD术后食管狭窄安全、有效,且预防效果优于单纯口服激素。     

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms

Endoscopic resection is an effective treatment for noninvasive esophageal squamous cell neoplasms(ESCNs).Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)has been developed for small localized ESCNs as an alternative to surgical therapy because it shows similar effectiveness and is less invasive than esophagectomy.However,EMR is limited in resection size and therefore piecemeal resection is performed for large lesions,resulting in an imprecise histological evaluation and a high frequency of local recurrence.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has been developed in Japan as one of the standard endoscopic resection techniques for ESCNs.ESD enables esophageal lesions,regardless of their size,to be removed en bloc and thus has a lower local recurrence rate than EMR.The development of new devices and the establishment of optimal strategies for esophageal ESD have resulted in fewer complications such as perforation than expected.However,esophageal stricture after ESD may occur when the resected area is larger than three-quarters of the esophageal lumen or particularly when it encompasses the entire circumference;such a stricture requires multiple sessions of endoscopic balloon dilatation.Recently,oral prednisolone has been reported to be useful in preventing post-ESD stricture.In addition,a combination of chemoradiotherapy(CRT)and ESD might be an alternative therapy for submucosal esophageal cancer that has a risk of lymph node metastasis because esophagectomy is extremely invasive;CRT has a higher local recurrence rate than esophagectomy but is less invasive.ESD is likely to play a central role in the treatment of superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms in the future.     

Early esophageal cancer in patients with a history of gastrectomy for gastric cancer

To detect early esophageal cancer effectively, it is important to select high-risk groups. Because we often see early esophageal cancer after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, we investigated 11 early esophageal cancers treated endoscopically in 7 patients who had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Their average age was 70.8 ± 5.2 years. Median interval between previous gastrectomy and the diagnosis of esophageal cancer was 10 years. Endoscopic examination revealed mild bile reflux into the remnant stomach and esophagitis, but there was no case of Barrett's esophagus. Histological types were all squamous cell carcinoma. Although it has been reported that cancer development is most frequent in the lower esophagus after gastrectomy, we noticed that the majority of these were located in the middle thoracic esophagus (6/11, 55%), similar to general esophageal cancer. As all cases were detected by a regular checkup, it is important to follow up patients after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.     

上皮乳头内毛细血管袢形态在食管表浅型病变诊治中的应用

目的 探讨食管上皮乳头内毛细血管袢(IPCL)形态在食管表浅型病变诊治中的临床应用价值.方法 分析249处内镜下切除的表浅型食管病变资料,所有病变均根据井上晴洋方法进行IPCL分型,切除标本按照日本食道学会食管癌分级标准进行病理分析,探讨IPCL分型与病理间的关系.结果 249处病变中IPCLⅢ型22处,其中食管炎16处、低级别上皮内瘤变(LGIN)6处；IPCLⅣ型29处,其中食管炎11处、LGIN 4处、原位癌(m1)10处、肿瘤浸润黏膜内固有层(m2)4处；IPCL Ⅴ1型71处,其中m1期54处、m2期8处、肿瘤浸润黏膜肌层(m3)4处；IPCL Ⅴ2型48处,其中m1期8处、m2期34处、m3期4处；IPCL Ⅴ 3A型45处,其中m1期4处、m2期19处、m3期15处、肿瘤浸润黏膜下层上1/3(sm1)4处；IPCL Ⅴ3B型22处,其中m2期5处、m3期5处、sm1期3处、肿瘤浸润黏膜下层2/3(sm2)及以深9处；IPCL ⅤN型12处,其中sm1期2处、sm2及以深9处.结论 IPCL分型对食管表浅型病变的诊治有一定指导意义.IPCL Ⅴ1、Ⅴ2、Ⅴ,A型提示早期食管癌或m1～sm1期食管癌,可考虑行EMR或ESD; IPCL ⅤN型以sm2及以深食管癌多见；IPCLⅢ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ3B型病灶需要结合临床特点、活检、超声内镜等综合判定病灶性质或估计肿瘤浸润深度.     

体外自助式扩张球囊预防食管大面积病变内镜黏膜下剥离术后狭窄的长期疗效分析

目的 评估体外自助式扩张球囊预防食管大面积病变内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）后食管狭窄的长期有效性和安全性。方法 前瞻性纳入2018年1月—2019年12月在解放军总医院第一医学中心行ESD且术后黏膜缺损≥5/6食管环周、长度30～100 mm的早期食管癌或癌前病变患者,术后使用体外自助式扩张球囊预防食管狭窄。ESD术后食管黏膜缺损分为2级:1级为≥5/6环周但未累及全环周;2级累及全环周。观察术后狭窄发生率,狭窄出现时间,内镜下球囊扩张（endoscopic balloon dilations,EBD）或放射状切开（radial incision and cuttings,RIC）治疗狭窄的次数,以及其他不良事件发生率。结果 共27例患者纳入研究,随访14～38个月,其中术后黏膜缺损范围1级的患者3例,2级24例。术后黏膜缺损长度（73.7±18.4）mm,球囊放置时间（92.0±20.0）d;总狭窄发生率为18.5%（5/27）,其中术后黏膜缺损2级的患者狭窄发生率为16.7%（4/24）。球囊取出到发生狭窄的中位时间为17 d,其中2例狭窄患者分别进行了3次EBD治疗,其余3例患者分别接受了2次、1次和2次RIC治疗。所有患者在佩戴球囊过程中未出现穿孔和迟发性出血。结论 对于ESD术后黏膜缺损≥5/6食管环周且长度≤100 mm的食管大面积病变患者,体外自助式扩张球囊是一种安全有效的预防术后狭窄的方法。     

老年人食管内镜黏膜下剥离术后胃食管反流的初步评价

目的评估老年人的食管病变在进行内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）3个月后的胃食管反流情况。方法回顾性调查60岁及以上行食管ESD术后3个月及以上的患者烧心、反酸等症状的发生情况,用胃食管反流病症状量表进行评分。记录患者年龄、病变位置、大小和来源,分析软件SPSS17．0。结果共有144例患者完成了随访,其中男性86例,女性58例,中位年龄65岁（60—80岁）。食管病灶大小0．4-10cm,中位数2cm。病灶下缘距食管胃结合部0—21．5cm,25％和75％位数值分别为4．1cm和12．0cm,中位数值为8．0cm。有胃食管反流症状者40例（27．8％）,诊断为胃食管反流病者11例（7．6％）。女性较男性患者容易发生胃食管反流症状（P=0．028）,病灶下缘距离食管胃结合部〈2．0cm者较2．0cm以上的患者更容易发生胃食管反流病（P=0．011）。结论食管病变的ESD手术3个月后部分老年患者出现胃食管反流症状和食管炎,距离食管胃结合部2cm以内的病灶ESD术后患者可能容易发生胃食管反流病。     

Q法自牵引技术在大范围早期食管癌内镜 黏膜下剥离术中的应用研究（含视频）

目的初步报告Q法自牵引辅助内镜黏膜下剥离术(Q-ESD)应用于大范围早期食管癌(EEC)的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月间在福建省立医院接受ESD治疗的82例大范围EEC(单发病灶>1/2周径或纵径长度>5 cm)患者病例资料,按治疗方案不同分为传统ESD组(n=44)和Q-ESD组(n=38),比较两组操作面积、操作时间、操作速度、整块切除率、完整切除率、并发症情况。结果82例病灶均于内镜下成功整块切除。Q-ESD组和传统ESD组在操作面积[779.8(329.9~2552.5)mm^2比875.7(417.8~1914.8)mm^2,U=155,P=0.636]、操作时间[63(41~177)min比59(42~169)min,U=171,P=0.167]、完整切除率[94.7%(36/38)比93.2%(41/44),χ^2=0.086,P=0.769]方面比较差异无统计学意义。但Q-ESD组操作速度快[14.9(5.4~20.8)mm^2/min比9.0(5.0~19.5)mm^2/min,U=142,P=0.035],固有肌层损伤发生率低[7.9%(3/38)比27.3%(12/44),χ^2=5.123,P=0.023],术后狭窄发生率低[5.3%(2/38)比20.5%(9/44),χ^2=4.051,P=0.044]。除传统ESD组有1例穿孔外,未发生其他不良事件。结论Q-ESD是治疗大范围EEC安全有效的可选策略。     

New progress in endoscopic treatment of esophageal diseases

The technique of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),which was developed for en bloc resection of large lesions in the stomach,has been widely accepted for the treatment of the entire gastrointestinal tract.Many minimally invasive endoscopic therapies based on ESD have been developed recently.Endoscopic submucosal excavation,submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection and laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery have been used to remove submucosal tumors,especially tumors which originate from the muscularis propria of the digestive tract.Peroral endoscopic myotomy has recently been described as a scarless and less invasive surgical myotomy option for the treatment of achalasia.Patients benefit from minimally invasive endoscopic therapy.This article,in the highlight topic series,provides detailed information on the indications and treatments for esophageal diseases.     

自体皮片移植术预防食管环周早癌内镜黏膜下隧道剥离术后食管狭窄的临床研究

目的 评价自体皮片移植术预防食管环周早癌内镜黏膜下隧道剥离术（ESTD）后食管狭窄的安全性和有效性。方法 2018年1月至2018年3月,5例食管环周早癌患者于解放军总医院接受ESTD联合自体皮片移植术。术后通过内镜随访,观察皮片生长情况,有无食管狭窄及并发症发生情况。结果 5例患者均成功实施了食管环周早癌ESTD和自体皮片移植术。无食管穿孔、出血、创面感染和支架移位等并发症发生。平均移植皮片成活率为86.0%。4例患者术后平均随访9.5个月,未发生食管狭窄;1例患者术后发生食管狭窄并进行了球囊扩张,术后随访8个月内未再发生狭窄。结论 自体皮片移植术可能是预防食管环周早癌ESTD术后食管狭窄的一种安全且有效的方法。     

Short term results of endoscopic submucosal dissection in superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms.METHODS: Between July 2007 and March 2009, 27 consecutive superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms in 25 enrolled patients were treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection. The therapeutic efficacy, complications, and follow-up results were assessed.RESULTS: The mean size of the lesions was 21 ± 13 mm (range 2-55 mm); the mean size of the resection specimens was 32 ± 12 mm (range 10-70 mm). The en block resection rate was 100% (27/27), and en block resection with tumor-free lateral/basal margins was 88.9% (24/27). Perforation occurred in 1 patient who was managed by conservative medical treatments. None of the patients developed local recurrence or distant metastasis in the follow-up period.CONCLUSION: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is applicable to superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms with promising results.     

Implantation of esophageal cancer onto post-dissection ulcer after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection

A case in which implantation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma onto a post-dissection gastric ulcer was strongly suspected is presented. A 72-yearold man with alcoholic liver cirrhosis underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD). Esophageal cancer(EC)(Mt, 20 mm, 0-Is) and gastric cancer(GC)(antrum, 15 mm, 0-Ⅱc) were identified. Biopsy specimens revealed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and differentiated adenocarcinoma, respectively. The GC was resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) [14 mm × 9 mm, type 0-Ⅱc, tub1, p T1a(M), ly0, v0, HM(-), VM(-)]. Two months after ESD, radiation therapy was started for the EC, and an almost complete response was obtained. Nine months after the ESD, a follow-up EGD showed a submucosal tumor-like lesion with ulceration, located immediately under the post-ESD scar, and biopsy specimens showed moderately differentiated SCC. There were no similar lesions suggesting hematogenous or lymphatic metastasis in the stomach.     

Useful strategies to prevent severe stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal neoplasm

The minimal invasiveness of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) prompted us to apply this technique to large-size early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and Barrett’s adenocarcinoma, despite the limitations in the study population and surveillance duration. A post-ESD ulceration of greater than three-fourths of esophageal circumference was advocated as an important risk factor for refractory strictures that require several sessions of dilation therapy. Most of the preoperative conditions are asymptomatic, but dilatation treatment for dysphagia associated with the stricture has potential risks of severe complications and a worsening of quality of life. Possible mechanisms of dysphasia were demonstrated based on dysmotility and pathological abnormalities at the site: (1) delayed mucosal healing; (2) severe inflammation and disorganized fibrosis with abundant extracellular matrices in the submucosa; and (3) atrophy in the muscularis proper. However, reports on the administration of anti-scarring agents, preventive dilation therapies, and regenerative medicine demonstrated limited success in stricture prevention, and there were discrepancies in the study designs and protocols of these reports. The development and consequent long-term assessments of new prophylactic technologies on the promotion of wound healing and control of the inflammatory/tumor microenvironment will require collaboration among various research fields because of the limited accuracy of preoperative staging and high-risk of local recurrence.     

Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection for large superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a well-established treatment for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms (SESCNs) with no risk of lymphatic metastasis. However, for large SESCNs, especially when exceeding two-thirds of the esophageal circumference, conventional ESD is time-consuming and has an increased risk of adverse events. Based on the submucosal tunnel conception, endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) was first introduced by us to remove large SESCNs, with excellent results. Studies from different centers also reported favorable results. Compared with conventional ESD, ESTD has a more rapid dissection speed and R0 resection rate. Currently in China, ESTD for large SESCNs is an important part of the digestive endoscopic tunnel technique, as is peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia and submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection for submucosal tumors of the muscularis propria. However, not all patients with SESCNs are candidates for ESTD, and postoperative esophageal strictures should also be taken into consideration, especially for lesions with a circumference greater than three-quarters. In this article, we describe our experience, review the literature of ESTD, and provide detailed information on indications, standard procedures, outcomes, and complications of ESTD.     

内镜黏膜下隧道法剥离术治疗早期食管癌伴黏膜下层纤维化的临床观察

目的评价内镜黏膜下隧道法剥离术（endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection,ESTD）治疗早期食管癌伴黏膜下层纤维化的效果和安全性。方法2015年6月—2018年2月间,在江苏省苏北人民医院消化内科采用ESTD或内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）治疗,术后病理证实病灶＜1/3食管管周,且伴有黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌病例87例纳入回顾性分析,按纤维化程度分成轻度纤维化60例（ESTD 31例、ESD 29例）和重度纤维化27例（ESTD 16例、ESD 11例）,比较同一纤维化程度时两种手术方式的剥离速度、整块切除率、完全切除率,以及出血、肌层损伤、穿孔、颈部皮下气肿和术后狭窄的发生率。结果对于伴有轻度黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌患者,ESTD的整块切除率[96.8%（30/31）比82.8%（24/29）,P＜0.05]和完全切除率[96.8%（30/31）比75.9%（22/29）,P＜0.05]明显高于ESD,固有肌层损伤发生率明显低于ESD[6.5%（2/31）比17.2%（5/29）,P＜0.05],剥离速度、术中出血发生率、穿孔发生率、术后狭窄发生率与ESD比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）,两种手术方式均无术后迟发性出血和颈部皮下气肿发生。对于伴有重度黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌患者,ESTD的剥离速度快于ESD[（12.3±2.8）mm2/min比（7.1±3.2）mm2/min],整块切除率、完全切除率、术后狭窄发生率与ESD相近,术中出血发生率[12.5%（2/16）比54.5%（6/11）]、固有肌层损伤发生率[18.8%（3/16）比54.5%（6/11）]、穿孔发生率[6.3%（1/16）比27.3%（3/11）]、颈部皮下气肿发生率[6.3%（1/16）比27.3%（3/11）]低于ESD,两种手术方式均无术后迟发性出血发生。术后12个月2例行ESD和1例行ESTD患者局部复发,术后24个月1例行ESTD患者发生异时癌。结论ESTD能安全、有效切除伴有黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌。对于伴有轻度黏膜下层纤维化者,ESTD的优势主要体现在治疗效果方面;对于伴有重度黏膜下层纤维化者,ESTD的优势主要体现在治疗安全性方面。     

Risk factors of electrocoagulation syndrome after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

AIM To investigate post endoscopic submucosal dissection electrocoagulation syndrome(PEECS) of the esophagus.METHODS We analyzed 55 consecutive cases with esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal squamous neoplasms at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. Esophageal PEECS was defined as "mild" meeting one of the following criteria without any obvious perforation: fever(≥ 37.8 ℃), leukocytosis( 10800 cells/μl), or regional chest pain more than 5/10 points as rated on a numeric pain intensity scale. The grade of PEECS was determined as "severe" when meet two or more of above criteria.RESULTS We included 51 cases without obvious complications in the analysis. The incidence of mild and severe esophageal PEECS was 47.1% and 17.6%, respectively. Risk factor analysis revealed that resected area, procedure time, and muscle layer exposure were significantly associated with PEECS. In multivariate analysis, a resected area larger than 6.0 cm~2(OR = 4.995, 95%CI: 1.110-22.489, P = 0.036) and muscle layer exposure(OR = 5.661, 95%CI: 1.422-22.534, P = 0.014) were independent predictors of esophageal PEECS. All patients with PEECS had favorable outcomes with conservative management approaches, such as intravenous hydration or antibiotics.CONCLUSION Clinicians should consider the possibility of esophageal PEECS when the resected area exceeds 6.0 cm~2 or when the muscle layer exposure is noted.     

2020年日本食管癌内镜黏膜下剥离术和内镜黏膜切除术指南的解读：食管鳞癌部分

2020年日本胃肠内镜学会制定并发布了食管癌内镜黏膜下剥离术/内镜黏膜切除术指南。该指南基于已发表的大量临床研究证据,针对18个临床问题提出建议,问题涉及食管癌的术前诊断、内镜切除适应证、内镜切除方案、可治愈性评估以及术后监测5个方面,旨在解决实际工作中的问题并提高临床实践质量,主要内容包括食管鳞癌和食管腺癌2个部分,本文主要就食管鳞癌部分的指南内容进行解读。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗食管早期癌及癌前病变

目的 探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗食管早期癌及癌前病变的应用价值.方法 对胃镜发现的食管早癌和上皮内瘤变、深度未超越黏膜卜层者15例进行ESD治疗:(1)黏膜下注射生理盐水抬高病变;(2)预切开病变周围黏膜;(3)沿病变下方黏膜下层完整剥离病变.结果 15例食管早癌和上皮内瘤变病变,最大卣径2.5～4.5 cm(平均3.2 cm).14例病变成功完成ESD治疗,ESD成功率93.3%(14/15).所有剥离病变全部得到病理确诊,基底和切缘未见病变累及.ESD手术时间(白黏膜下注射至完整剥离病变)45～150 min,(平均75 min).术中出血量平均30 ml,均经电凝、氙离子凝固术和止血夹成功止血,未出现需再次内镜下治疗的出血;ESD穿孔发生率0(0/15).术后随访14例,随访期6～18个月(平均11.5个月),创而完全愈合,无一例病变残留和复发.结论 ESD是治疗食管早癌和癌前病变的新方法,不仅能完整切除较大的病变,还能提供完整的病理学诊断资料.     

磁锚定技术辅助内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期食管癌的实验研究

目的 探讨磁锚定技术辅助内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)治疗早期食管癌的可行性。方法 以6个比格(Beagle)犬离体食管为实验对象,利用自行设计加工的磁锚定装置(锚定磁体和靶磁体),对假定的食管病变黏膜实施ESD。评价手术操作的可行性及便捷性。结果 成功完成6个犬离体食管的ESD。调整锚定磁体位置可灵活控制靶磁体对黏膜的牵拉方向和牵拉力,充分显露黏膜剥离面,并提供组织张力,确保病变黏膜顺利切除。整个过程操作流畅,靶磁体留置方便,术中未出现靶磁体滑脱及黏膜撕伤。结论 磁锚定技术可有效地对病变黏膜进行牵拉,用于ESD进行早期食管癌的治疗安全可行,能够极大地改善内镜下操作体验。