石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定血清铬

用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定血清中Ｃｒ的浓度。结果显示：样品检出限为５μｇ／Ｌ，标准曲线范围为０￣１００μｇ／Ｌ，回收率为９４．５％￣１０２．９％，样品无需处理，可直接进样测定，方法简便，重复性好。提示：本方法适用于临床检测。     

反相高压液相色谱法测定血清中部分氨基酸

目的：建立测定血清中精氨酸含量的方法。方法：反相高压液相色谱法。ＨｙｐｅｒｓｉｌＢＤＳ柱，邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生化、萤光检测法检测。结果：精氨酸线性范围为３８３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ～４７８９μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，８种氨基酸的最低检测限为２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，日内变异系数为２７５％～１１９３％，日间变异系数为７０５％～１２３９％，５种氨基酸的回收率为９６３３％～１００７８％。正常人血清精氨酸水平为９２７７±１７９０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，糖尿病患者血清精氨酸水平则为７８６１±３３０３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＞００５）。结论：本方法简单易行，方法学实验结果满意，适用于临床测定相关氨基酸的需要     

HPLC法测定卫肺特片中利福平异烟肼和吡嗪酰胺的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定卫肺物片中利福平、异烟肼、吡嗪酰胺的含量。采用Ｃ１８柱，以００１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢铵甲醇为流动相，检测波长２５４ｎｍ，柱温３５℃，流速１０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ。利福平、异烟肼、吡嗪酰胺的线性范围分别为：２７～４３２μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０９９９５，ｎ＝５），１５６２５～２５０μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０９９９８，ｎ＝５），６２５～１０００μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０９９９３，ｎ＝５）。加样回收理想，方法准确、简便、快速。     

HPLC法同时测定“点必宁”滴眼液中氧氟沙星和地塞米松的含量

以愈创木酚甘油醚为内标，甲醇水００５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾（５２∶１５∶３３）为流动相，在Ｃ１８柱上同时分离测定氧氟沙星和地塞米松的含量。检测波长２４０ｎｍ，浓度线性范围：氧氟沙星１５０～７５０μｇ／ｍｌ，地塞米松５０～２５０μｇ／ｍｌ。     

吐温——80苯芴酮分光光度法测定奶制品中微量锡

目的：研究快速测定奶制品中微量奶，方法：吐温－８０苯芴酮分光光度法，结果：线性范围０μｇ／ｍｌ～１０μｇ／ｍｌ，相关系数０．９９９４，测定２５个牛奶制品，检出２０份，范围０．０８７ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．９５ｍｇ／Ｌ，样品加标回收率９１．３％～９７．６％，变异系数１．７％～３．４％，结论：该法灵敏，准确，快速，适宜大批样品测定。     

醋氯酚酸原料含量测定方法的研究

研究了紫外分光光度法及反相高效液相色谱法测定醋氯酚酸含量的方法。紫外分光光度法,含量在５０５～３００３μｇ／ｍｌ符合比尔定律。高效液相色谱法,色谱柱：ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＳｉＯ２（４ｍｍ×３００ｍｍ,５μｍ）,流动相：乙腈ＫＨ２ＰＯ４（００１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ｐＨ４２０）（１∶２）,检测波长：２７７ｎｍ。在９８４０～４９２０μｇ／ｍｌ,峰面积与浓度呈线性关系,ｒ＝０９９９９。两种方法测定结果基本一致。     

HPLC法同时测定人血浆中四种氟喹诺酮药物的血药浓度

研究了用ＨＰＬＣ同时测定人血浆中氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、洛美沙星和环丙沙星血药浓度的方法。采用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ（１８）色谱柱（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ，５μｍ），以甲醇－０．００８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸盐缓冲液－０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ四丁基溴化铵（１６：７５：１．４，ｐＨ２．６）为流动相，检测波长２８０ｎｍ，血浆样品用乙腈沉淀蛋白后进样，简便快速，回收率稳定，对氧氟沙星，诺氟沙星，洛美沙星，环丙沙星四种氟喹诺酮药物检测的线性范围分别为：０．１０～５．００μｇ／ｍｌ；０．１１～５．４０μｇ／ｍｌ；０．１３～５．００μｇ／ｍｌ；０．１０～１０．００μｇ／ｍｌ。其方法检测限为：２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ；２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ；２５ｎｇ／ｍｌ及４０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，回收率均高于８６％。应用本法观察了健康人口服氧氟沙星和环丙沙星后的血药浓度变化。     

邻苯二酚紫—聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚分光光度法测定废水中铬

目的：测定废水中铬。方法：邻苯二酚紫—聚乙醇辛基苯基醚光度法。结果：铬含量在０ ～１４μｇ／２５ｍｌ 范围内符合比尔定律，采用本法测定了５ 个样品，平均回收率为９９ ．４５ ％ ，标准差为０ ．０１７ｍｇ／Ｌ，相对标准偏差为４ ．８９ ％ 。结论：本法简便，准确，显色液稳定，适合于测定废水中的铬。     

人胎胰腺的胰岛分离与胰岛细胞培养质量的实验研究

取水囊引产的４例胎龄为１８～２８周的人胎胰腺，用胶原酶消化分离胰岛，分别对３，５，７，９，１１，１３ｄ培养的胰岛细胞进行形态学观察，并采用放射性核素１２５Ⅰ标记抗原作放射免疫测定（ＲＩＡ）其培养上清液中胰岛素及Ｃ－肽的含量．结果：经５～９ｄ培养的胰岛细胞，生长良好，细胞活率为９０％左右，其中大多数为β细胞．５，７，９ｄ培养液上清液中胰岛素的含量依次为６４７５，７２３及７２７０ＩＵ／Ｌ；Ｃ－肽的含量依次为６０５，６２及＞６ｍｇ／Ｌ．分别高于正常血清的两倍、一倍以上．经以同样方法培养的兔胰岛细胞用于四氧嘧啶实验性兔糖尿病模型治疗，兔糖尿病模型的血糖均值由（４７９７９±０９２３３）ｇ／Ｌ下降为（３３１９３±０４１１０）ｇ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜００１）；胰岛素由（２６５±１４）ＩＵ／Ｌ上升为（１３３８±１５）ＩＵ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜００５）．结果说明本法培养的胰岛细胞用于移植以５～９ｄ为宜     

反相离子对高效液相色谱法测定人血清中异烟肼浓度

目的：建立一种快速简便的的反相离子对高效液相色谱法测定血清中异烟肼（ＩＮＨ）浓度。方法：用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＳｉＯ２（５μ，２５０ｍｍ×４６ｍｍ）色谱柱，以甲醇：２０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＩＰＲ－Ｂ８＝１５∶８５（Ｖ∶Ｖ）为流动相，紫外检测器检测，波长２５４ｎｍ，烟酰胺（ＮＡ）为内标物。结果：在此色谱条件下，ＩＮＨ与ＮＡ的保留时间分别为７８１７ｍｉｎ和６８７２ｍｉｎ。在０５～２００μｇ／ｍｌ的浓度范围内，线性关系良好（ｒ＝０９９９５）。方法日内差异２１９％，日间差异４５１％，回收率９３３％，最低检测浓度５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。结论：该法灵敏度高，特异性好，不需提取过程，大大减低了测定的工作量，对日常血药浓度监测和药代动力学工作的开展，具有极大的优越性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.