Comparaison de la réponse métabolique du petit prématuré alimenté parentéralement, puis au lait maternel de prématurité.

The nitrogen retention and plasma amino acid concentration were determined in eight preterm infants (mean birth weight 970 +/- 130 g; mean gestational age 28 +/- 1 weeks) receiving successively total parenteral nutrition and their own mother's milk. The nitrogen retention during both regimens was comparable to the fetal accretion rate. Plasma amino acid concentrations were lower during the enteral phase of the study than during parenteral nutrition. The metabolic response of small preterm infants is related to the quality of amino acids as well as to the route of intake.     

Surveillance de la santé à l''école maternelle.

In contrast to the traditional program of health assessment of schoolchildren based on periodic physical examination, the program described in this paper is based on the integration of information and data obtained by observation through the school year from parents, teachers and the school nurse, who coordinates the program. The numbers and the types of problems and the date on which they were identified are compared in an experimental group of 557 kindergarten children and a matched control group of 498 children in whom the traditional program was maintained. For problems of hearing, enuresis, learning and behaviour the number of cases detected was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group. Each element of the proposed program is analysed and the advantages of an integrated approach to health assessment of schoolchildren are underlined.     

Evaluation comparée des effets subjectifs de la dextroamphétamine, du méthylphénidate et du placebo

The subjective effects of dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate and placebo were evaluated in 16 medical students during the period just prior to their final oral examinations. The subjects served as their own controls. The order of administration of the three medications for each student was randomized, and a double-blind technique was used throughout. A questionnaire method was employed for the collection of results, which proved to be a useful and effective means. It demonstrated that dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate and placebo were statistically different from one another with regard to their effect on efficiency of studying, fatigue, duration of sleep and appetite. There were also significant differences in the number of side effects caused by the three medications. The stimulants, however, did not increase the number of study hours, nor was their use recommended by the students when preparing for important examinations.