驼峰鼻伴歪鼻畸形的临床治疗

目的探讨驼峰鼻合并歪鼻畸形患者的综合治疗方案和手术效果评价方法。方法通过多平面鼻部截骨复位,以及鼻中隔软骨的移植,重建驼峰鼻合并歪鼻患者的鼻部外形轮廓,同时改善鼻腔通气功能。手术前后分别运用鼻阻力测定(RM)和鼻声反射测量法(AR)检测鼻腔通气效果的变化。结果术后随访4~8个月,16例驼峰鼻伴歪鼻畸形患者均对术后外观效果表示满意;除1例自觉通气状况无明显改变外,其余患者均自觉通气功能改善。本组无复发和并发症患者。根据RM和AR检测结果,患侧鼻腔最小横截面积(MCA)、鼻腔容积(NV)、鼻阻力(NR)手术前后有显著差异(P0.01)。结论驼峰鼻合并歪鼻畸形患者的治疗包含鼻部外形轮廓的修复和鼻腔通气功能的重建。鼻阻力测定和鼻声反射测量法的检测可以客观评价鼻腔通气功能的改变。     

单侧唇裂术后鼻畸形伴歪鼻畸形的同期矫正

目的探讨单侧唇裂术后鼻畸形伴鼻中隔偏斜及歪鼻同期矫正的手术方法。并对治疗效果进行评估。方法选择2005--2007年就诊的15例唇裂术后鼻畸形伴鼻中隔偏斜畸形患者，常规进行鼻下外侧软骨悬吊手术矫正鼻翼塌陷畸形的同时，对鼻中隔偏曲及歪鼻进行矫正。结果手术后鼻翼塌陷及鼻小柱歪斜得到有效矫正，偏斜鼻中隔软骨前端复位，术后效果比较满意。结论单侧唇裂术后鼻畸形伴鼻中隔偏斜及歪鼻的同期矫正，是一种值得推广的手术方法。     

应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下歪鼻矫正术

目的 探讨应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形的手术治疗方法.方法 对66例歪鼻畸形患者术前行螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态,了解歪鼻畸形的局部形成状况.先在鼻内镜下行鼻中隔偏曲的矫正术,后经鼻前庭前小切口在鼻内镜辅助下行歪鼻畸形矫正.结果 术后1周、1个月、3个月及半年后随访,观察外鼻形状,并测量其偏离值.66例歪鼻中矫正效果优为53例,良好为11例,不满意2例.结论 螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态可在术前充分了解歪鼻畸形局部及周围情况;采用鼻内镜能充分暴露骨折畸形愈合部位,避免破坏整体框架,使得手术创伤小,手术时间短,术后反应轻,皮肤坏死可能性减小等,因此应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形效果更具优势.     

应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下歪鼻矫正术

目的 探讨应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形的手术治疗方法.方法 对66例歪鼻畸形患者术前行螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态,了解歪鼻畸形的局部形成状况.先在鼻内镜下行鼻中隔偏曲的矫正术,后经鼻前庭前小切口在鼻内镜辅助下行歪鼻畸形矫正.结果 术后1周、1个月、3个月及半年后随访,观察外鼻形状,并测量其偏离值.66例歪鼻中矫正效果优为53例,良好为11例,不满意2例.结论 螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态可在术前充分了解歪鼻畸形局部及周围情况;采用鼻内镜能充分暴露骨折畸形愈合部位,避免破坏整体框架,使得手术创伤小,手术时间短,术后反应轻,皮肤坏死可能性减小等,因此应用螺旋CT三维重建鼻骨形态鼻内镜下矫正歪鼻畸形效果更具优势.     

软骨性歪鼻矫正术

目的 探索有效整复软骨性歪鼻(a tilted or bent cartilaginous vault)的方法.方法 对鼻中隔偏斜和不同程度的通气障碍的软骨性歪鼻18例,全部采用开放入路,行鼻中隔畸形部软骨切除术+鼻中隔软骨扩展移植鼻尖成形术.结果 随访3～24个月,除1例鼻中隔仍有轻微度偏曲(不影响功能)外,其余均鼻梁端正,鼻中隔居中.术后通气功能均有明显改善,鼻外形及鼻尖形态满意.无1例发生外鼻畸形及鼻中隔穿孔.结论 软骨性歪鼻在行鼻成形术的同时行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术是极其必要的,既可消除引起软骨性歪鼻畸形的原因,又可取得外鼻形态满意的效果.     

开放式手术矫正陈旧性外伤性歪鼻畸形

目的总结治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形的经验,掌握正确的歪鼻矫正技术,提高临床治疗效果.方法 1996年12月至2004年2月,采用开放式手术,完全显露歪曲的结构,松解外在及内在牵拉力量,复位鼻骨、矫直鼻中隔使其解剖复位,重塑鼻支架.结果本组患者36例,术后随访4个月至5年,优31例,良5例.鼻畸形获得满意的矫正,鼻外形恢复良好.结论外伤性歪鼻畸形多因伤后早期未获得及时有效地处理所致,经开放式手术复位鼻骨、矫直鼻中隔及鼻部整形术,消除引起畸形的原因,可取得较满意的效果.     

合并鼻中隔偏曲的C形歪鼻矫治体会

目的:总结鼻中隔—鼻骨整复矫正术的治疗经验,探讨对C形歪鼻并鼻中隔偏曲有效的手术方式,以提高临床治疗效果.方法:选择13例C形歪鼻患者,采用开放式入路,施行鼻中隔—鼻骨整复矫正术.结果:13例患者术后均Ⅰ期愈合.所有患者术后随访3～12个月,鼻外形及鼻腔通气功能均恢复良好,未出现并发症.结论:鼻骨—鼻中隔联合整复矫正术可有效矫治C形歪鼻并鼻中隔偏曲,同时可改善鼻腔通气功能.     

开放式手术矫正陈旧性外伤性歪鼻畸形

目的总结治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形的经验，掌握正确的歪鼻矫正技术，提高临床治疗效果。方法1996年12月至2004年2月，采用开放式手术，完全显露歪曲的结构，松解外在及内在牵拉力量，复位鼻骨、矫直鼻中隔使其解剖复位，重塑鼻支架。结果本组患者36例，术后随访4个月至5年，优31例，良5例。鼻畸形获得满意的矫正，鼻外形恢复良好。结论外伤性歪鼻畸形多因伤后早期未获得及时有效地处理所致，经开放式手术复位鼻骨、矫直鼻中隔及鼻部整形术，消除引起畸形的原因，可取得较满意的效果。     

鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术同期歪鼻整形的治疗效果分析

目的:探讨鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术同期歪鼻整形的治疗方法及效果。方法:对34例鼻中隔偏曲并歪鼻患者行鼻内窥镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术联合歪鼻整形术,观察手术治疗效果。结果:随访8～20个月,34例患者均有不同程度的改善,32例治愈(94.12%),偏曲值均在3mm以下,患者满意率为100%,且均未发生鼻中隔穿孔、鼻腔粘连等并发症。结论:鼻中隔偏曲并歪鼻可经鼻内窥镜同时行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术及歪鼻整容术,具有微创、术野清晰、患者痛苦小、恢复快、并发症少、疗效确切的优点,值得临床推广与应用。     

鼻内镜下鼻-鼻中隔整形术治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形

目的总结鼻内镜下治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形的经验.方法选择外伤性歪鼻畸形患者42例,其中"C"型偏曲15例,"O"型(偏斜型)偏曲17例,"S"型偏曲10例,分别在术前、术后测量其偏离值("S"型两个偏曲,暂未进行统计),在鼻内镜下行鼻-鼻中隔整形术,术后进行随访.结果 32例"C"型偏曲、"O"型偏曲术前测量偏离值为(5.68±2.03) mm, 术后测量偏离值为(2.17±1.09) mm,经配对t检验,手术前后歪鼻的偏离值差异有显著性意义(t=6.877,P＜0.001),临床治愈率占62.5%、有效率占87.5%.结论鼻内镜下鼻-鼻中隔整形术是治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形有效的术式,能同时解决鼻腔美学和鼻腔功能的问题,并具有精确、微创、复发率低等优点.     

Laser-assisted outpatient septoplasty: results in 703 patients.

Laser-assisted outpatient septoplasty is a new technique devised to minimize and simplify surgery under local anesthesia. It takes 5 minutes and has a specific clinical application in chronic nasal obstruction because of moderate anterior septal deviation in adults. It is less invasive than traditional septoplasty and has less morbidity, lower medical costs, and faster return to full activity. Seven hundred three patients underwent this operation from August 1995 to June 1998, with a patient evaluation performed before and after surgery. The evaluation was first performed by means of a direct interview, with a clinical examination and acoustic rhinometry, and then by means of a telephone interview, with strictly standardized questioning. Our results show a surgical success rate of 90.8% on the nasal obstruction but also an improvement on nasal discharge, sneezing, recurrent headaches, and chronic rhinosinusitis.     

Effect of nasal surgery on the nasal cavity as determined by acoustic rhinometry.

Acoustic rhinometry (AR) was used to objectively measure the success of septoplasty in relieving nasal obstruction caused by septal deviation. In addition, the patients were given a questionnaire to subjectively assess symptoms of congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. Patients diagnosed with a septal deviation requiring surgery to eliminate obstruction were enrolled in this study. A septal deviation often results in concomitant sinonasal or respiratory problems that require septoplasty plus other surgeries to treat the patient effectively. AR measurements for patients who underwent septoplasty or septoplasty plus other surgeries were taken before and after surgery. To avoid confounding results caused by different levels of congestion, we used only postdecongestant values to analyze the data and only the side of the nose with the smaller volume for analysis. Patients in the septoplasty-only group showed a statistically significant (P < 0.01) increase in volume as measured by AR, a decrease in the symptom of congestion, and a decrease in the symptom of rhinorrhea. Patients who had septoplasty plus other sinonasal procedures showed significant increases in volume and cross-sectional area (CSA) 3, whereas CSAs 1 and 2 increased also, but not significantly.     

Surgery of the nasal septum

Long-term results after septoplasty are not satisfactory. Apart from a recurrence of deviation, there are various reasons for this: false preoperative analysis, complete straightening of the septum, and a disturbed nasal cycle. Preoperative functional diagnostics with a combination of rhinoresistometry, acoustic rhinometry, and long-term rhinoflowmetry are necessary for differentiating between "physiological" and "pathological" septal deviations and recognizing other causes for obstruction. The surgical procedure of septoplasty includes approach, mobilization, resection, reposition, and finally reconstruction of all three layers. The goal of the operation should not be complete straightening of the nasal septum. The space between the septum and turbinates is of utmost importance. It should not be enlarged as much as possible; rather, it must be shaped in such a way as to allow freely congestion and decongestion reciprocal on the two sides during the nasal cycle.     

同期鼻中隔和鼻整形术

目的：探讨同期鼻中隔和鼻整形术治疗伴有鼻中隔偏曲的歪鼻、驼峰鼻、鹰嘴鼻等外鼻畸形的手术方法和效果。方法：采用鼻侧软骨与大翼软骨间切口，单面一边骨膜蒂骨瓣截骨法处理骨锥畸形，联合“转门法”矫正鼻中隔偏曲。结果：36例均获满意效果，随访32例受术者1～15年，无复发和并发症。结论：本手术方法既避免了鼻骨及鼻中隔软骨的游离移位和鼻黏膜损伤，又保证了鼻骨和鼻中隔软骨的血供，在矫正了外鼻畸形的同时，又矫正了偏曲的鼻中隔，收到外鼻美容与恢复鼻腔通气功能的双重功效。     

Outcomes after nasal septoplasty: results from the Nasal Obstruction Septoplasty Effectiveness (NOSE) study.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess disease-specific quality of life outcomes after nasal septoplasty in adults with nasal obstruction. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PATIENTS: We conducted a prospective observational outcomes multicenter study with 14 sites and 16 investigators, including private practice and academic settings. Patients had had septal deviation and symptomatic nasal obstruction for at least 3 months, and medical management had failed. METHODS: Patients with septal deviation completed a validated outcomes instrument (the Nasal Obstruction Septoplasty Effectiveness [NOSE] scale) before and 3 and 6 months after septoplasty, with or without partial turbinectomy. RESULTS: Fifty-nine patients underwent surgery; there was a significant improvement in mean NOSE score at 3 months after septoplasty (67.5 versus 23.1, P < 0.0001), and this improvement was unchanged at 6 months. Patient satisfaction was very high, and patients used significantly fewer nasal medications. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with septal deformity, nasal septoplasty results in significant improvement in disease-specific quality of life, high patient satisfaction, and decreased medication use.     

Anterior septal reconstruction: outcomes after a modified extracorporeal septoplasty technique

OBJECTIVE: To describe a modified extracorporeal septoplasty technique and measure its efficacy with a validated quality-of-life instrument. DESIGN: A prospective observational outcomes study of patients with severe septal deviation who subsequently underwent anterior septal reconstruction. Preoperative and postoperative evaluation was performed using photographs and the Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation scale. RESULTS: Twelve consecutive patients were enrolled. No complications occurred. All patients noted improved airway function postoperatively. There was a significant improvement in mean Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation score postoperatively (76.6 vs 12.9; P<.01). Examination of postoperative photographs revealed improved midvault and tip anatomy. CONCLUSIONS: The anterior septal reconstruction technique is effective in improving both nasal airway function and aesthetics in patients with severe septonasal deviation. The technique avoids the most common complication of standard extracorporeal septoplasty by preserving the dorsal strut of septal cartilage and its attachment to the nasal bones at the keystone area.     

鼻中隔偏曲畸形矫正同期鼻整形术

目的:探讨鼻中隔偏曲畸形矫正同期鼻畸形娇正的手术方法和效果.方法:采用鼻侧软骨和大翼软骨间切口,显露畸形的中隔软骨及鼻骨结构,松解牵拉力量,矫正鼻中隔畸形,截骨及复位鼻骨,使其解剖复位,重塑鼻支架.结果:本组39例,均获满意效果,无复发和并发症.结论:本手术方法矫正偏曲畸形的鼻中隔的同时,矫正外鼻的畸形,消除了引起畸形的原因,重塑外鼻支架,收到了恢复鼻腔通气功能与外鼻美容的双重效果.     

Triple-procedure technique in internal nasal valve surgery

In cases of narrowing of the internal nasal valve angle, we address all structures that commonly contribute to the internal valve area obstruction. We term this the “triple-procedure technique”. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of this technique in improving patients' subjective nasal patency. A prospective longitudinal case study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in northeast of England. All consecutive patients who complained of nasal obstruction and were diagnosed with the internal nasal valve angle narrowing due to septal deviation were offered to have a triple-procedure operation (septoplasty, turbinate surgery and internal nasal valve surgery). Patients completed a validated nose-related questionnaire (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE)) preoperatively, which was repeated 3?months after the operation. The change in NOSE score was the outcome measure. Eight of the nine patients recruited to the study completed the questionnaires (88% response rate). The total and the domain scores improved after the operation, which were clinically and statistically significant. The effect size proved to be very large (total NOSE score effect size, 4.0). Our study shows that addressing all three structures commonly affecting the internal valve area is an effective technique in improving the obstruction caused by the narrow internal nasal valve angle.     

Powered endoscopic septoplasty for septal deviation and isolated spurs

Septoplasty is commonly performed for nasal airway obstruction or rhinologic headache due to contact irritation, often in conjunction with other nasal procedures, including cosmetic rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery.Traditionally, it is performed before these procedures via a "headlight" technique. This article describes the use of the microdebrider in 29 cases of endoscopic septoplasty. Many of the procedures were performed in conjunction with functional endoscopic sinus surgery; however, several were performed as an isolated procedure or with inferior turbinoplasty. The technique is described in detail. All 29 patients had significant improvement in their symptoms, and no patient developed a perforation or postoperative hematoma. Conversion to a traditional septoplasty was required in 1 case because of the severity of the deviation. Power-assisted endoscopic septoplasty is a useful adjunct in cases involving isolated septal spurs or moderate septal deviations. Patients with severe nasal obstruction due to caudal deflection of the septum off the nasal spine are better served with traditional headlight septoplasty.     

Intranasal challenge with aspirin in the diagnosis of aspirin intolerant asthma: evaluation of nasal response by acoustic rhinometry

BACKGROUND: Nasal provocation tests with lysine-aspirin have recently been introduced for assessment of aspirin intolerant asthma. A study was undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of acoustic rhinometry, a new non-invasive technique, in the diagnosis of aspirin intolerant asthma/rhinitis. METHODS: Fifteen patients with aspirin intolerant asthma/rhinitis (nine women, mean (SD) age 54.7 (14) years), eight patients with aspirin tolerant asthma/rhinitis (three women, mean (SD) age 52.6 (7.8) years), and eight healthy subjects (two women, mean (SD) age 32.5 (9.7) years) were studied. All subjects were challenged with saline (0.9% NaCl) and 25 mg lysine acetylsalicylic acid (L-ASA) instilled into each nostril of the nose on two separate days. The clinical response was evaluated based on nasal symptoms (sneezes, itching, secretion and blockage). The nasal response was measured by acoustic rhinometry. Symptoms and rhinometry curves were recorded at 10 minute intervals for three hours, one hour before challenge and two hours after challenge. RESULTS: L-ASA challenge induced a significant increase in symptoms in patients with aspirin intolerant asthma/rhinitis. No differences in the clinical response were detected in those with aspirin tolerant asthma/rhinitis or healthy subjects. L-ASA challenge induced a significant decrease in nasal volume measured by acoustic rhinometry in aspirin intolerant patients. No differences were detected between the challenges in aspirin tolerant patients. If a 25% decrease in nasal volume is taken as the cut off point, the specificity of the test was 94% and the sensitivity reached 73%. The nasal challenge was well tolerated by all subjects. CONCLUSION: Acoustic rhinometry may be used to study the nasal response to L-ASA. Nasal challenge with L-ASA is safe and can be used as a diagnostic test even in asthmatic patients with severe bronchial obstruction.