丝裂霉素C在斜视手术中的初步应用

丝裂霉素为抗肿瘤抗生素，能明显地抑制成纤维细胞的增殖。用于青光眼滤过手术，可以提高手术的成功率。近年来，丝裂霉素应用于动物和临床斜视手术，已初步证明能抑制瘢痕形成，减少术后粘连的发生，提高手术效果。这对于广泛复杂性斜视手术是一种安全和有效的辅助用药。     

HA表面改性人工角膜钛支架生物相容性动物实验研究

目的 经羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite,HA)表面改性的三襻式人工角膜钛支架植入兔角膜板层探讨其与角膜组织的生物相容性及组织愈合情况.方法 24只新西兰白兔随机分为A、B、 C 3组,A组(9只)及B组(9只)分别于右眼角膜板层植入HA表面改性后的三襻式人工角膜钛支架(HA-Ti)及人工角膜钛支架(Ti);C组(6只)为手术对照组,仅制备囊袋不植入支架.观察人工角膜支架的生物相容性及新生血管生长情况,并分别于术后2周、4周、16周取材,行组织病理学及支架表面组织扫描电镜观察.结果 观察期间A、B组均未见角膜感染、溶解、支架排出.早期实验组角膜有水肿及新生血管长入,A组新生血管明显多于B组.组织学观察术后2周,A组炎症细胞浸润重于对照C组及B组(P<0.05);4周和16周时A、B和C组各组间炎症反应无明显差别(P>0.05).A组支架周围基质成纤维细胞增生显著,术后2周、4周A组和B组成纤维细胞增生均多于对照C组(P<0.05),且A组增生明显多于B组(P<0.05);术后16周时各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).扫描电镜HA-Ti支架表面角膜组织黏附好,胶原纤维与支架连接紧密.结论 HA表面改性三襻式钛支架促进角膜血管化,有利于人工角膜的稳定,使人工角膜支架具有良好生物相容性及促进组织界面愈合能力.     

兔眼滤过术中结膜瓣下辅助应用全氟丙烷后滤过道的组织病理学变化

目的研究小梁切除术中辅助应用全氟丙烷(C3F8)气体后滤过道的组织病理学变化.方法对20只新西兰兔实施小梁切除术.随机分为两组,每组各10只兔(20只眼).第1组随机选择1只眼做单纯小梁切除术,另1只眼做小梁切除术并辅助应用C3F8气体;第2组随机选择1只眼做小梁切除术联合应用丝裂霉素C(MMC),另1只眼做小梁切除术并辅助应用C3F8气体.采用组织病理学和免疫组化技术,对兔眼术后3 d,1、2、3、4周不同时期的滤过泡组织进行病理检查,观察成纤维细胞、新生胶原纤维、新生血管、炎性细胞的改变.结果应用C3F8气体组与单纯小梁切除术组术后滤过道新生胶原纤维量、成纤维细胞量差异均有显著意义(P<0.05);应用MMC组与单纯小梁切除术组术后滤过道新生胶原纤维量、成纤维细胞量差异均有显著意义(P<0.05);应用C3F8气体组与MMC组术后滤过道新生胶原纤维量、成纤维细胞量差异无显著意义(P>0.05).3种不同术式兔眼术后滤过道的新生血管量与术后5个不同时期滤过道的炎性细胞量进行比较,差异均无显著意义(P>0.05).结论小梁切除术中辅助应用C3F8气体可以在术后早期抑制成纤维细胞增殖和新生胶原纤维的合成,抑制或减轻术后滤过道的瘢痕化,从而提高手术的成功率.     

角膜缘重建术联合丝裂霉素C治疗中、重度复发性翼状胬肉

目的 探讨角膜缘重建术联合丝裂霉素C治疗中、重度复发性翼状胬肉的临床效果。方法 对21例(21眼)中、重度复发性翼状胬肉采用角膜缘重建，并在术中应用丝裂霉素C。以术区是否又重新出现成纤维细胞及纤维血管增生作为复发和治愈的标准。结果 术后所有患者的视力均有不同程度的提高：1个月之后术区逐渐正常。无一例出现并发症。随访8个月～4年，有2例出现新生纤维血管增生，有复发倾向(9．52％)，无一例出现真性复发。结论 角膜缘重建术中联合丝裂霉素C能有效地控制中、重度复发性翼状胬肉再次复发。     

丝裂霉素C在眼外肌再次手术中的应用

目的评价丝裂霉素C(MMC)在眼外肌再次手术中应用的安全性和有效性。方法43例续发性斜视和残余性斜视病例,对再次施行手术的水平肌术中分别用浸有0.4mg/mlMMC的棉片置于肌肉与巩膜、肌肉与Tenon's囊之间各2分钟,对再次施行手术的下斜肌用MMC棉片置于巩膜与Tenon's囊之间2分钟。术后观察角膜上皮损害及球结膜切口愈合情况;长期随访观察眼位、球结膜瘢痕形成及眼球运动情况。结果术后第1天角膜点状着色者7例。所有病例再次手术的眼外肌部位球结膜切口均I期愈合。经术后随访3个月～4年,眼位矫正效果满意,愈合后的球结膜切口无明显瘢痕,眼球运动正常。结论在眼外肌再次手术中应用MMC,可减少术后组织粘连和瘢痕形成,提高斜视手术疗效。     

丝裂霉素C与地塞米松治疗PRK后角膜上皮下雾状混浊的对比实验研究

目的　探讨滴用丝裂霉素 C溶液治疗准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术 (excim erlaser photorefractive keratectom y,PRK)后角膜上皮下雾状混浊 (haze)的作用 ,并与地塞米松溶液对比。方法　对 4 1只新西兰白兔双眼行 PRK,术后分别给予 0 .2 g· L- 1丝裂霉素 C和 1.0 g· L- 1地塞米松滴眼治疗及平衡盐液滴眼作为对照 ,并行裂隙灯、角膜内皮镜、光镜、电镜检查。结果　术后 4、8周 ,丝裂霉素 C组与地塞米松组 haze程度相同 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,均较对照组为轻 (P<0 .0 5 )。光镜及电镜检查表明 :对照组术区角膜上皮细胞过度增生 ,前基质成纤维细胞增生活跃 ,纤维排列明显紊乱 ;而丝裂霉素 C组与地塞米松组角膜上皮细胞和前基质成纤维细胞的增生以及胶原纤维合成均受抑制 ,纤维排列较整齐。结论　丝裂霉素 C能减轻 PRK后 haze,且无明显副作用 ,可望成为防治 haze的一种新药     

丝裂霉素C预防LASEK术后角膜浑浊的效果分析

目的评价丝裂霉素C预防LASEK术后角膜浑浊（haze）的效果。方法回顾性分析2007年10月～2008年4月我院LASEK治疗近视手术中应用丝裂霉素C者手术后haze、视力、角膜上皮愈合时间和屈光度改变，并与对照组进行对比分析。结果两组之间术后角膜愈合时间、术后裸眼视力恢复率、屈光度矫正量均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。但术后6月丝裂霉素C组haze的发生率低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论丝裂霉素c能有效地预防LASEK术后haze，无明显副作用。     

兔眼抗青光眼滤过术中应用C3F8观察滤过道的组织病理学变化

目的:研究小梁切除术中辅助应用C3F8气体后滤过道的病理组织学变化,探讨C3F8改善滤过泡的性状和功能、提高手术成功率的作用机理。方法:将新西兰兔进行小梁切除术随机分为单纯小梁切除术组、小梁切除术组联合C3F8气体组、小梁切除术组联合MMC组;并应用病理组织学和免疫组化技术,对兔眼术后3d,1,2,4wk5个不同时期的滤过泡组织进行病理检查,观察成纤维细胞、新生胶原纤维、新生血管、炎症细胞的改变。结果:C3F8气体组和单纯小梁切除术组术后滤过道新生胶原纤维量、成纤维细胞差异均有统计学意义;MMC组和单纯小梁切除术组术后滤过道新生胶原纤维量、成纤维细胞差异均有统计学意义;C3F8气体和MMC组术后差异无统计学意义。三种不同手术方式术后滤过道的新生血管生长情况和术后5个不同时期的滤过道的炎症细胞进行比较差异都无统计学意义。结论:小梁切除术中应用C3F8气体可在术后早期抑制成纤维细胞增殖和新生胶原纤维的合成,抑制或减轻术后滤过道的疤痕化,提高手术成功率。     

翼状胬肉切除联合三种应用丝裂霉素C的方法比较

本文观察翼状胬肉手术三种应用丝裂霉素Ｃ的方法对防止术后翼状胬肉复发的作用，采用随机分组方法对８３例１１２眼原发性翼状胬肉进行病例对照研究。丝裂霉素Ｃ的应用方法分别为术中应用（０．４ｍｇ／ｍｌ），术后一周内应用及手术一周后应用（０．２ｍｇ／ｍｌ）。结果：术中应用丝裂霉素Ｃ组翼状胬肉复发率为８．３％，术后一周内应用组复发率为１６．１％，手术一周后应用组为２０．７％，三组间的复发率无统计学差异，对照组为３２．１％，与治疗组比较具有明显统计学差异。术后一周内应用丝裂霉素组角膜创面愈合延迟。结论：翼状胬肉切除术中或术后应用丝裂霉素Ｃ可防止术后复发。术中应用丝裂霉素Ｃ方法简单，不影响角膜创面的愈合。     

角膜碱烧伤bFGF滴眼治疗作用的形态定量研究

目的 探讨兔角膜碱烧伤后碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对角膜修复和新生血管形成的影响。方法 制作兔角膜碱烧伤模型,烧伤后应用bFGF滴眼液(A组 bFGF浓度为2400ng/ml,B组为9600ng/ml,C组为对照组),以计算机图像分析系统定量测定角膜上皮愈合面积和上象限角膜新生血管面积。结果 图像分析测得角膜上皮愈合面积实验组比对照组大,在第5、9、14 d A组与对照组比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05),在30d B组与对照组差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。图像分析测得上象限角膜新生血管面积实验组与对照组比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论 bFGF可以促进角膜上皮修复愈合,未见促进角膜新生血管形成等有害作用。     

丝裂霉素C对准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后角膜混浊的实验研究

目的探讨丝裂霉素Ｃ对准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后角膜上皮下雾状混浊（ｈａｚｅ）的影响。方法对４５只新西兰白兔的双眼行准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术,术中、术后分别给予０．００８％丝裂霉素Ｃ、０．１％地塞米松治疗及空白对照。术后分别进行裂隙灯、角膜内皮镜、光镜和透射电镜检查。结果术后４及８周,丝裂霉素Ｃ组角膜ｈａｚｅ轻于对照组和地塞米松组;地塞米松组轻于对照组。术后１、４及８周,丝裂霉素Ｃ组术区前基质内角膜细胞数较对照组和地塞米松组少,后两组间差异不明显。三组间角膜上皮愈合时间、角膜上皮厚度及内皮细胞密度差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论丝裂霉素Ｃ能通过抑制角膜细胞的生长而减轻ｈａｚｅ的形成,其效果优于地塞米松,且无明显副作用,是一种较理想的抑制ｈａｚｅ形成的药物     

Corneal and conjunctival findings after mitomycin C application in pterygium surgery: an in‐vivo confocal microscopy study

Purpose: To perform a qualitative assessment of the topical side‐effects of mitomycin C on cornea after pterygium surgery. Methods: In‐vivo confocal microscopy (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II in combination with the Rostock Cornea Module) was performed in 10 patients with unilateral primary pterygium. Mitomycin C 0.02% was applied topically to seven eyes for 5 min intraoperatively and twice daily for 5 days postoperatively. Three eyes underwent surgery without application of cytostatic agent. Patient follow‐up was 1 month. Results: After application of mitomycin C, complete epithelialization of the operated zone was found 2 weeks after surgery. In‐vivo confocal microscopy revealed signs of superficial punctate keratitis for 2 weeks in the central cornea only after application of mitomycin C. The presence of epithelial and stromal oedema in this group was noted for up to 2 weeks in the central cornea and for up to 4 weeks in the operated zone. In the control group, complete epithelialization was found after 1 week; there were no signs of oedema after 1 week in the central cornea or after 2 weeks in the operated zone. Leucocyte infiltration and increased Langerhans cell density were noted in both groups in the operated and central zones. Analysis of the conjunctiva revealed a decrease in goblet cell density following cytostatic application. Conclusion: Local application of mitomycin C delays corneal epithelialization, and prolongs postoperative epithelial and stromal oedema in both the centre and periphery. Moreover, signs of punctate keratitis were noted 2 weeks after surgery in central intact cornea. Nevertheless, in‐vivo confocal microscopy shows that these changes are reversible 4 weeks after application of mitomycin C 0.02%.     

羊膜移植及丝裂霉素对碱烧伤大鼠角膜缘基质微环境的影响

目的观察羊膜移植及丝裂霉素C（MMC）对碱烧伤大鼠角膜缘基质微环境的影响。方法采用SD大鼠角膜缘碱烧伤模型。将大鼠随机分为5个组：A组为正常组,B组为羊膜移植组,C组为羊膜移植联合MMC组,D组、E组为未干预组（D组为碱烧伤1周组,E组为碱烧伤2周组）。通过苏木精-伊红染色观察病理学改变,免疫组织化学技术观察髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、肝细胞生长因子（HGF）免疫染色阳性细胞数的变化。结果干预组（B组、C组）较未干预组（D组、E组）角膜上皮完整、基质细胞浸润减轻、新生血管减少,组织病理学染色证实角膜缘及其周边上皮细胞为多层结构,角膜新生血管减少及基质中炎性细胞浸润减轻。免疫组织化学结果显示MPO及HGF含量明显减少,B组、C组之间MPO含量差别不明显,C组中的HGF含量明显减少,上皮细胞层数轻微减少。结论羊膜移植和羊膜移植联合MMC可以改善角膜缘碱烧伤大鼠模型中的角膜缘基质微环境,MMC可能通过抑制成纤维细胞分泌HGF而影响上皮细胞的增生和移行。     

晶体囊袋内应用丝裂霉素防治兔后发性白内障的实验研究

目的：探索晶体囊代内灌注丝裂霉素对兔晶体上皮细胞的抑制作用及对兔眼的毒性作用。方法：在兔晶状体超声乳化吸出术中,用0．2ml不同浓度的丝裂霉素（Mitomycin C,MMC)(0.1mg/ml、0.2mg/ml、0.4mg/ml）在晶体囊代内进行水分离,使其直接短暂作用于晶体上皮细胞。术后随访2个月,观察比较用药组和对照组兔晶体后囊混浊、眼内压的变化等;并观察术后组织病理学和超微结构的变化。结果：临床观察显示,术后2周只有对照眼出现后囊膜混浊（posterior capsule opacification,PCO)。术后4周用药组眼的PCO明显比对照组眼轻,且随药物浓度增高而减轻。中、低浓度组兔眼的术后炎症反应与对照组眼比较无明显差异。高浓度组兔眼术后早期出现轻微的毒性反应。组织,病理学检查表明,对照组的晶体上皮增生较用药组明显。MMC可引起晶体上皮细胞变性,其变化程度与药物浓度有关。高浓度眼睫状体有炎症细胞浸润及少量出血。结论：MMC有效地抑制晶体上皮细胞的增殖,其作用强度与药物的浓度相关。兔晶体囊贷内应用0．1－0．2mg/ml的药物浓度是防治后发性白内障安全有效的药物。     

Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C: an electron microscopic and clinical study

A prospective and randomized clinical trial was conducted to investigate the pressure-lowering effect of mitomycin C-aided trabeculectomy in the Turkish population. The scleral tissues excised during the operation were examined by light and electron microscopy. The study population consisted of 26 patients undergoing mitomycin C-aided trabeculectomy and another 26 patients subjected to trabeculectomy without mitomycin C serving as controls. The treatment groups consisted of primary open-angle and closed-angle glaucomas, congenital glaucomas, various types of secondary glaucomas and prior failed trabeculectomies. The decrease in IOP was more marked (P < 0.01) and the number of additional medications needed post-operatively was less in the mitomycin C group (P < 0.01). There were no serious complications except for transient hypotony in one mitomycin-treated eye. Transmission electron microscopic examinations showed differences between the control and mitomycin applied trabecular blocks. At the scleral dissection plane where mitomycin was applied, collagen fibrils were frayed with a loss of proteoglycan cross-links. Fibroblasts demonstrated pyknotic nuclei and loss of cell processes. In the control group, active fibroblasts and regular collagen structure were observed at this level. The middle and inner scleral layers were generally unaffected except for minor changes in some of the mitomycin-treated eyes. Our study showed mitomycin C to be safe and effective as adjunct to trabeculectomy in both primary open-angle, primary angle-closure, various secondary glaucomas and prior failed trabeculectomies. Transmission electron microscopic examinations of excised blocks showed disruption in collagen organization and cytopathic effects to fibroblasts. Mitomycin seemed to affect the proteoglycan cross-links between collagen fibrils after its application.     

Mitomycin C-induced apoptosis in cultured human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts

To investigate the mitomycin C-induced apoptotic cell death of fibroblasts, the primarily cultured human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts were exposed to a clinically used dosage of 0.4 mg/ml of mitomycin C for 5 minutes. TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling) assay and electron microscopic studies were performed to determine the extent of mitomycin C-induced apoptosis. A flow cytometric study was performed to quantify the apoptotic cell population over time. The TUNEL stains were positive and electron microscopy showed features of apoptotic cell death in some fibroblasts 3 and 5 days after treatment. Flow cytometric analysis using Annexin V-propidium iodide double staining detected apoptotic cells 3 days after treatment. These apoptotic cell populations increased at 4 days and were sustained for one week. This study revealed that the clinical effects of mitomycin C on fibroblasts may be mediated not only by antiproliferative but also apoptotic cell death to some degree. Therefore, the apoptotic cell death of fibroblasts induced by mitomycin C should be considered to properly understand the mechanism of wound healing after trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C.     

Use of mitomycin C in the treatment of corneal conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of topical mitomycin C as a treatment of corneal conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia.
Methods: An open prospective analysis of 20 cases of corneal conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia with recurrent disease (17 patients) or refusing surgery (three patients) were treated with topical mitomycin C. Treatment was with mitomycin C eye drops, either 0.02% or 0.04%, four times daily for 1 week followed by a week off the cycle then repeated for a second week. Patients were examined weekly until the lesions were eradicated.
Results: Clinical resolution of disease occurred in 18/20 cases. The mean time to resolution was 4.5 weeks, the mean number of cycles of treatment was two. Average follow up was 13 months with four cases of recurrent disease. These four cases were retreated with complete resolution in two cases. Epithelial toxicity occurred in 10/20 eyes and lid toxicity in two cases. There were no long-term complications on discontinuing mitomycin C.
Conclusions: Mitomycin C is effective in inducing regression of corneal conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. Complications are common but self-limiting. An optimal regimen is still to be established.     

丝裂霉素C在小梁切除术中的应用

目的 探讨丝裂霉素C在青光眼小梁切除术中的作用。方法 93例116眼青光眼患者随机分为二组,丝裂霉素C组67眼在小梁切除术中应用0.2g/L的丝裂霉素 C棉片 3min,然后用生理盐水冲洗,术毕连续密闭缝合结膜切口;对照组49眼手术方式相同,但没有应用丝裂霉素C,术毕结膜瓣缝合2针。结果 术后1月复查,滤过炮丝裂霉素C组平均直径 8mm 弥散扁平,对照组平均直径5mm较局限。降压幅度丝裂霉素C组大于对照组。结论 青光眼小梁切除术中应用丝裂霉素C可以有效的防止滤过泡的粘连,降低眼压,提高手术的成功率。     

Effect of topical mitomycin C on glaucoma filtration surgery in monkeys.

In this study, an experimental model of glaucoma filtration surgery was used to evaluate the clinical and histologic effects of a single intraoperative topical application of mitomycin C. Argon laser treatment to the trabecular meshwork produced sustained elevation of intraocular pressure in monkeys. Eight eyes of four animals were randomly assigned to receive topical mitomycin C or balanced salt solution at the time of full-thickness sclerostomy. Surgical success was substantially increased in four of five eyes that received mitomycin C when compared with three eyes that received topical balanced salt solution. Mitomycin C was also effective in prolonging surgical success in two eyes that had previously undergone surgery and failed. No significant ocular toxicity was observed in eyes treated with mitomycin C. Histologic examination of mitomycin C-treated eyes showed patent sclerostomies and hypocellular, well-formed bleb cavities. A single intraoperative application of mitomycin C has a marked effect on postoperative wound healing after filtration surgery in monkeys.