2型糖尿病合并大血管并发症的血清脂蛋白(a)水平改变

目的：了解２型糖尿病合并大血管并发症时的Ｌｐ（ａ）水平改变。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法对正常人、２型糖尿病人以及２型糖尿病合并冠心病、大血管病变和微血管病变的Ｌｐ（ａ）水平进行了测定。结果：２型糖尿病组的Ｌｐ（ａ）水平明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０００１）。２型糠尿病的组间分析显示：合并冠心病组的Ｌｐ（ａ）水平高于２型糖尿病组、大血管和微血管病变组（Ｐ＜００５）；大血管病变组的Ｌｐ（ａ）水平高于２型糖尿病组（Ｐ＜００５），但与微血管病变组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）；微血管病变组和２型糖尿病组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）。结论：Ｌｐ（ａ）水平在２型糖尿病时已明显升高，在糖尿病合并冠心病和大血管并发症时升高更加突出。     

奥美拉唑、兰索拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的疗效观察

采用比较用药前后症状及溃疡变化情况的方法，观察奥美拉唑与兰索拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡的疗效。结果显示：奥美拉唑与兰索拉唑对症状的缓解率（Ｐ＞００５），给药２周时对溃疡治疗的总有效率（Ｐ＜００５），４周时（Ｐ＞００５）。提示兰索拉唑治疗十二指肠溃疡２周疗效优于奥美拉唑，４周疗效相当。     

老年肺心病血液流变学变化特点及其相关因素分析

目的：探讨老年慢性肺原性心脏病血液流变学变化特点及其与动脉血气分析的关系。方法：对６６例老年慢性肺心病、２２例非老年肺心病急性发作期及肺气肿急性发作期患者的血液流变学进行了测定并对其与血气分析、血红蛋白含量和红细胞计数进行了相关性分析。结果：老年慢性肺心病急性发作期全血粘度、血浆粘度及红细胞压积均高于肺气肿急性发作期，两者比较有显著性差异（均Ｐ＜００５以上）；与非老年肺心病比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）。发现全血高、低切变粘度与ＰａＯ２、Ｏ２ｓａｔ呈负相关关系（Ｐ＜００５），与红细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积及ＰａＣＯ２呈正相关（分别Ｐ＜００１、Ｐ＜００１、Ｐ＜００１、Ｐ＜００５）；血浆粘度与血红蛋白含量、红细胞计数呈正相关关系（Ｐ＜００１、Ｐ＜００５），与ＰａＯ２及ＰａＣＯ２无相关。结论：慢性肺心病急性发作期随病情进展血液粘稠度逐渐增加，缺氧和二氧化碳潴留是影响血液流变学的原因之一。     

中长跑运动时的血液浓缩观察

观察３３名消防队员参加２２００ｍ跑步训练后血中红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度和红细胞压积，比运动前分别升高２６２％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；４８８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和７２８％（Ｐ＜０．０１），血液容量和血浆容量则分别下降４８１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、１０９５％（Ｐ＜０．０１），而细胞容积略上升２０６％（Ｐ＞０．０５）。所有队员禁食条件下休息６０ｍｉｎ后，上述各项指标均恢复至运动前水平（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果提示：剧烈运动时，机体在体液的再分布过程中所引起的血液浓缩改变，是机体适应于剧烈运动的一种生理代偿机制。     

通脉增智胶囊治疗血管性痴呆的临床观察

应用通脉增智胶囊治疗血管性痴呆（ＶＤ）６４例（治疗组），同时用脑复康治疗ＶＤ患者３２例（对照组），并对其治疗效果进行观察。结果：治疗组总有效率（８２８％）明显高于对照组（５６２％）（Ｐ＜００１）；治疗组长谷川痴呆量表（ＨＤＳ）得分也明显高于治疗前和对照组（Ｐ＜００１）；治疗组患者血浆超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性较治疗前明显升高（Ｐ＜００５），脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量则较治疗前明显降低（Ｐ＜００１）；而对照组患者血浆ＳＯＤ及ＬＰＯ水平，治疗后与治疗前相比均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）。提示：通脉增智胶囊对ＶＤ患者的疗效优于脑复康。     

肺癌患者围手术期血清sIL-2R的检测

应用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗夹心法检测了３０例正常健康人及４０例肺癌患者围手术期血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ的水平。结果显示：肺癌组术前血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜００１）；手术切除后血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平明显下降（Ｐ＜００５）；肺癌细胞分型与血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平无关（Ｐ＞００５）。提示血清ｓＩＬ２Ｒ水平检测对肺癌的诊断及病情变化、疗效观察有一定价值。     

消化性溃疡药物与心理治疗的对比观察

目的：药物与心理治疗１１８例活动性消化溃疡的疗效观察。方法：将胃镜证实资料完整的活动性消化溃疡病人随机分为三组：药物组（Ｍ组）４５例，心理治疗组（Ｐ组）２２例，药物＋心理治疗组（Ｍ＋Ｐ组）５１例，均以４周为一疗程。疗程结束时６个月和１２个月分别复查胃镜。结果：Ｍ组、Ｐ组、Ｍ＋Ｐ组溃疡愈合率分别为９３．３３％、４０．９１％、９８．０４％。Ｍ＋Ｐ组与Ｍ组比较，差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞００５）；Ｍ组和Ｍ＋Ｐ组均高于Ｐ组，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００５）。６个月溃疡积累复发率分别为２３．８０％、３３．３３％、０；１２个月溃疡积累复发率分别为４０．４８％、５５．５５％、２％；Ｍ组积累复发率低于Ｐ组，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞００５）；Ｍ＋Ｐ组积累复发率明显低于Ｍ组和Ｐ组，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：药物加心理治疗消化性溃疡复发率低，值得推广应用。     

德国链激酶、国产重组链激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗塞49例疗效比较

目的：观察德国链激酶（ＳＫ）与国产重组链激酶（ｒＳＫ）在急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）静脉溶栓治疗中的临床疗效和安全性。方法：将我院ＣＣＵ病房１９９６年３月～１９９７年１２月静脉溶栓治疗ＡＭＩ４９例，分为ＳＫ组２５例和ｒＳＫ组２４例。２组分别用ＳＫ及ｒＳＫ１５０万单位６０ｍｉｎ静脉滴入，伴随用药２组相同。结果：血管再通率ＳＫ组６８％，ｒＳＫ组６６６７％（Ｐ＞００５）。溶栓距发病≤６ｈ；前壁梗塞的患者病死率分别为ＳＫ组１４２９％，ｒＳＫ组１３３３％（Ｐ＞００５）。梗塞血管再通组病死率为３０３％，明显低于未通组的２５％（Ｐ＜００１）。轻度出血并发症：ＳＫ组１２０％，ｒＳＫ组１２５％，无颅内出血。一过性低血压发生率ＳＫ组１２０％，ｒＳＫ组８３％（Ｐ＞００５）。结论：ＳＫ和ｒＳＫ用于静脉溶栓治疗ＡＭＩ疗效肯定，副作用小。ｒＳＫ价格较低，更适于国内推广使用。     

L-精氨酸对慢性肺心病之心电图及血气的影响

为探讨一氧化氮前体Ｌ－精氨酸（Ｌ－Ａｒｇ）对慢性肺心病的治疗作用，将４６例慢性肺心病患者随机分为两组：Ｌ－Ａｒｇ治疗组和安慰剂治疗组。按分组分别口服Ｌ－Ａｒｇ和安慰剂３．０ｇ／日共４～６周，比较患者治疗前后心电图指标、Ｘ线胸片征象及血气变化。结果表明：Ｌ－Ａｒｇ组心电图指标ＰⅡ、ＲＶ１＋ＳＶ５、电轴、Ｖ１Ｒ／Ｓ、Ｖ５Ｒ／Ｓ和ａＶＲＲ／Ｓ均明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５），肺动脉凸度也明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５），且ＰａＯ２、ＳａＯ２明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＰａＣＯ２降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），而右下肺动脉宽度、右下肺动脉宽度／气管横径、血压和心率无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）；安慰组心电图指标、Ｘ线征象及血气均无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。说明口服Ｌ－Ａｒｇ可明显改善慢性肺心病患者心电图指标、肺动脉凸度及血气，提示Ｌ－Ａｒｇ可望成为降低肺心病患者肺动脉压的有效药物     

肾脏疾病患者血脂及载脂蛋白：AⅠB100CⅡ的测定及其临床意义探讨

对２８例肾病综合征（ＮＳ），２４例慢性肾炎，１９例慢性肾衰（ＣＲＦ）及５０例健康人血脂及载脂蛋白进行了测定，结果显示：ＮＳ组和慢性肾炎组病人甘油三脂（ＴＧ）明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１）健康者，尤以ＮＳ组为著（Ｐ＜０．０５），两组高ＴＧ血症发生率分别为７５．６％和６２．５％；ＮＳ组ａｐｏＡⅠ和ＣⅡ明显升高（Ｐ＜００５和＜００１），ａｐｏＢ１００无明显变化，ａｐｏＡⅠ／ａｐｏＢ比值升高；慢性肾炎组载脂蛋白无显著变化。ＣＲＦ组高ＴＧ血症发生率为４５．６％，但其含量与正常组比较无明显改变（Ｐ＞００５）；ａｐｏＡⅠ，ａｐｏＣⅡ含量明显降低（Ｐ＜００１和＜００５），ａｐｏＢ１００明显升高（Ｐ＜００１），ａｐｏＡⅠ／ａｐｏＢ１００比值明显下降。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.