共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 301 毫秒
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Yangyang R. Yu Annalyn S. DeMello Christopher S. Greeley Charles S. Cox Bindi J. Naik-Mathuria David E. Wesson 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(5):1028-1032
Purpose
This study examines non-accidental trauma (NAT) fatalities as a percentage of all injury fatalities and identifies injury patterns in NAT admissions to two level 1 pediatric trauma centers.Methods
We reviewed all children (< 5 years old) treated for NAT from 2011 to 2015. Patient demographics, injury sites, and survival were obtained from both institutional trauma registries.Results
Of 4623 trauma admissions, 557 (12%) were due to NAT. However, 43 (46%) of 93 overall trauma fatalities were due to NAT. Head injuries were the most common injuries sustained (60%) and led to the greatest increased risk of death (RR 5.1, 95% CI 2.0–12.7). Less common injuries that increased the risk of death were facial injuries (14%, RR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.3), abdominal injuries (8%, RR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4–5.6), and spinal injuries (3%, RR 3.9, 95% CI 1.8–8.8). Although 76% of head injuries occurred in infants < 1 year, children ages 1–4 years old with head injuries had a significantly higher case fatality rate (27% vs. 6%, p < 0.001).Conclusion
Child abuse accounts for a large proportion of trauma fatalities in children under 5 years of age. Intracranial injuries are common in child abuse and increase the risk of death substantially. Preventing NAT in infants and young children should be a public health priority.Type of study
Retrospective Review.Level of evidence
II 相似文献3.
Calista M. Harbaugh Peng Zhang Brianna Henderson Brian A. Derstine Sven A. Holcombe Stewart C. Wang Carla Kohoyda-Inglis Peter F. Ehrlich 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(5):1033-1036
Background
The “Cushion Effect,” the phenomenon in which obesity protects against abdominal injury in adults in motor vehicle accidents, has not been evaluated among pediatric patients. This work evaluates the association between subcutaneous fat cross-sectional area, quantified using analytic morphomic techniques and abdominal injury.Methods
This retrospective study includes 119 patients aged 1 to 18 years involved in frontal impact motor vehicle accidents (2003–2015) with computed tomography scans. Subcutaneous fat cross-sectional area was measured and converted to age- and gender-adjusted percentiles from population-based normative data. Multivariable analysis determined the risk of the primary outcome, Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) 2 + abdominal injury, after adjusting for age, weight, seatbelt status, and impact rating.Results
MAIS 2 + abdominal injuries occurred in 20 (16.8%) of the patients. Subcutaneous fat area percentile was not significantly associated with MAIS 2 + abdominal injury on multivariable logistic regression (adjusted Odds Ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72–1.03; p = 0.10).Discussion
The “cushion effect” was not apparent among pediatric frontal motor vehicle crash victims in this study. Future work is needed to investigate other analytic morphomic measures. By understanding how body composition relates to injury patterns, there is a unique opportunity to improve vehicle safety design.Level of Evidence
Prognosis Study, Level III. 相似文献4.
5.
Lucia Ortega-Laureano Teresa Santiago Gabriela Maron Andrew M. Davidoff Israel Fernandez-Pineda 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(6):1129-1133
Background/Purpose
Pulmonary complications are some of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised pediatric patients. We sought to assess the value of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) pediatric patients.Methods
A retrospective review of patients who underwent SLB within one year of HCT between 1999 and 2015 was performed.Results
Twenty-nine patients (15 females, 14 males) with a median age of 10 years (range, 0.6–23) were identified. Median interval between HCT and SLB was 114.8 days (range, 16–302). At surgery, 11 (38%) patients were intubated, and 7 (24%) were receiving supplemental oxygen. The most common histological finding was cryptogenic organizing pneumonia in 8 cases (27%), followed by infection in 7 (24%). Perioperative complications (17%) included bronchopleural fistula (n = 2), splenic laceration from a trocar injury (n = 2), and hemothorax (n = 1). Changes in therapy occurred in 25 patients (86%). Twenty-four (83%) patients survived more than 30 days post SLB, and the overall survival rate was 41% with a median follow-up of 8.5 years (range, 1–13).Conclusion
SLB appears to be safe and informative in pediatric patients after HCT and led to changes in therapy in most patients. However, long-term survival after this procedure was < 50%, reinforcing the fact that pulmonary complications are some of the leading causes of mortality in these patients.Type of Study
Retrospective analysis.Level of Evidence
Level IV. 相似文献6.
Krista K. Wheeler Junxin Shi Henry Xiang Rajan K. Thakkar Jonathan I. Groner 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(4):765-770
Purpose
We sought to determine readmission rates and risk factors for acutely injured pediatric trauma patients.Methods
We produced 30-day unplanned readmission rates for pediatric trauma patients using the 2013 National Readmission Database (NRD).Results
In US pediatric trauma patients, 1.7% had unplanned readmissions within 30 days. The readmission rate for patients with index operating room procedures was no higher at 1.8%. Higher readmission rates were seen in patients with injury severity scores (ISS) = 16–24 (3.4%) and ISS ≥ 25 (4.9%). Higher rates were also seen in patients with LOS beyond a week, severe abdominal and pelvic region injuries (3.0%), crushing (2.8%) and firearm injuries (4.5%), and in patients with fluid and electrolyte disorders (3.9%). The most common readmission principal diagnoses were injury, musculoskeletal/integumentary diagnoses and infection. Nearly 39% of readmitted patients required readmission operative procedures. Most common were operations on the musculoskeletal system (23.9% of all readmitted patients), the integumentary system (8.6%), the nervous system (6.6%), and digestive system (2.5%).Conclusions
Overall, the readmission rate for pediatric trauma patients was low. Measures of injury severity, specifically length of stay, were most useful in identifying those who would benefit from targeted care coordination resources.Level of evidence
This is a Level III retrospective comparative study. 相似文献7.
Andrew Nordin Alan Coleman Junxin Shi Krista Wheeler Henry Xiang Shannon Acker Denis Bensard Brian Kenney 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(1):130-135
Purpose
In adults, shock index (SI; heart rate/systolic blood pressure) > 0.9 predicts injury severity and trauma outcomes. However, age-adjusted shock index (SIPA) out-performs SI in blunt trauma patients 4–16 years old. We sought to confirm these findings and expand this tool to include penetrating trauma and children aged 1–4 years.Methods
We developed cutoff values for patients 1–3 years old using age-based vital signs and queried the 2014 Pediatric Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database for patients aged 1–16 years sustaining blunt or penetrating trauma. Outcomes measured included injury severity, transfusion within 24 h, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), and mortality. SI and SIPA were compared using Student's t-test and chi-square tests.Results
We identified 22,344 blunt and 613 penetrating trauma patients. SI was elevated in 41.3% and 40.0% of these groups, respectively, whereas SIPA was elevated in 15.6% and 19.4% of patients. SIPA was a significantly better predictor of transfusion needs, injury severity, ICU admission, ventilator use, and mortality for both blunt and penetrating trauma.Conclusion
SIPA identifies severe injury and predicts transfusion needs and mortality more effectively than SI for both blunt and penetrating pediatric trauma. Further investigation should evaluate its use as a triage tool.Type of study
Prognosis Study.Level of evidence
II. 相似文献8.
Simone Langness Erin Ward Jonathan Halbach Radhames Lizardo Katherine Davenport Stephen Bickler Karen Kling Hari Thangarajah Julia Grabowski Timothy Fairbanks 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(4):752-757
Purpose
Serum D-dimer has been proposed as a biomarker to aid in the diagnosis of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). We investigated the accuracy of D-dimer in predicting the absence of TBI and evaluated the degree by which D-dimer could limit unnecessary computed tomography scans of the head (CTH).Methods
Retrospective review of patients with suspected TBI from 2011 to 2013 who underwent evaluation with CTH and quantitative D-dimer. D-dimer levels were compared among patients with clinically-important TBI (ciTBI), TBI, isolated skull fracture and no injury.Results
Of the 663 patients evaluated for suspected TBI, ciTBI was identified in 116 (17.5%), TBI in 77 (11.6%), skull fracture in 61 (9.2%) and no head injury in 409 (61.7%). Patients with no head injury had significantly lower D-dimer values (1531 ± 1791 pg/μL) compared to those with skull fracture, TBI and ciTBI (2504 ± 1769, 2870 ± 1633 and 4059 ± 1287 pg/μL, respectively, p < 0.005). Using a D-dimer value < 750 pg/μL as a negative screen, no ciTBIs would be missed and 209 CTHs avoided (39.7% of total).Conclusion
Low plasma D-dimer predicts the absence of ciTBI for pediatric patient with suspected TBI. Incorporating D-dimer into current diagnostic algorithms may significantly limit the number of unnecessary CTHs performed in this population.Type of study
Study of diagnostic test.Level of evidence
I. 相似文献9.
Matthew C. Hernandez Ryan M. Antiel Karthik Balakrishnan Martin D. Zielinski Denise B. Klinkner 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(2):352-356
Introduction
Supraglottic airway (SGA) use and outcomes in pediatric trauma are poorly understood. We compared outcomes between patients receiving prehospital SGA versus bag mask ventilation (BVM).Methods
We reviewed pediatric multisystem trauma patients (2005–2016), comparing SGA and BVM. Primary outcome was adequacy of oxygenation and ventilation. Additional measures included tracheostomy, mortality and abbreviated injury scores (AIS).Results
Ninety patients were included (SGA, n = 17 and BVM, n = 73). SGA patients displayed increased median head AIS (5 [4–5] vs 2 [0–4], p = 0.001) and facial AIS (1 [0–2] vs 0 [0–0], p = 0.03). SGA indications were multiple failed intubation attempts (n = 12) and multiple failed attempts with poor visualization (n = 5). Median intubation attempts were 2 [1–3] whereas BVM patients had none. Compared to BVM, SGA patients demonstrated inadequate oxygenation/ventilation (75% vs 41%), increased tracheostomy rates (31% vs 8.1%), and increased 24-h (38% vs 10.8%) and overall mortality (75% vs 14%) (all p < 0.05).Conclusions
Escalating intubation attempts and severe facial AIS were associated with tracheostomy. Inadequacy of oxygenation/ventilation was more frequent in SGA compared to BVM patients. SGA patients demonstrate poor clinical outcomes; however, SGAs may be necessary in increased craniofacial injury patterns. These factors may be incorporated into a management algorithm to improve definitive airway management after SGA. 相似文献10.
Sandra R. DiBrito Marcelo Cerullo Seth D. Goldstein Susan Ziegfeld Dylan Stewart Isam W. Nasr 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(9):1789-1794
Background
Discordant assessments of Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) following trauma can result in inappropriate triage. This study sought to determine the reliability of prehospital GCS compared to emergency department (ED) GCS.Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of traumas from 01/2000 to 12/2015 at a Level-1 pediatric trauma center. We evaluated reliability between field and ED GCS using Pearson's correlation. We ascertained the difference between prehospital and ED GCS (delta-GCS). Associations between patient characteristics and delta-GCS were modeled using Poisson and linear regression, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates.Results
We identified 5306 patients. Pearson's correlation for GCS measurements was 0.57 for ages 0–3, and 0.67–0.77 for other age groups. Mean delta-GCS was highest for age < 3 years (0.95, SD = 2.4). Poisson regression demonstrated that compared to children 0–3 years, higher age was associated with lower delta-GCS (RR 0.65 95% CI 0.56–0.74). Linear regression showed that in those with a delta-GCS, more severe injury (higher ISS, worse ED disposition) and older age were associated with a negative change, signifying decline in score.Conclusions
GCS is generally unreliable in pediatric trauma patients aged 0–3 years, particularly the verbal score component. This may impact accuracy of triage priority for pediatric trauma patients.Level of evidence
III, Prognostic. 相似文献11.
Cory McLaughlin Jessica A. Zagory Michael Fenlon Caron Park Christianne J Lane Daniella Meeker Randall S. Burd Henri R. Ford Jeffrey S. Upperman Aaron R. Jensen 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(2):344-351
Background/purpose
The classic “trimodal” distribution of death has been described in adult patients, but the timing of mortality in injured children is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to define the temporal distribution of mortality in pediatric trauma patients.Methods
A retrospective cohort of patients with mortality from the National Trauma Data Bank (2007–2014) was analyzed. Categorical comparison of ‘dead on arrival’, ‘death in the emergency department’, and early (≤ 24 h) or late (> 24 h) inpatient death was performed. Secondary analyses included mortality by pediatric age, predictors of early mortality, and late complication rates.Results
Children (N = 5463 deaths) had earlier temporal distribution of death compared to adults (n = 104,225 deaths), with 51% of children dead on arrival or in ED compared to 44% of adults (p < 0.001). For patients surviving ED resuscitation, children and adolescents had a shorter median time to death than adults (1.2 d and 0.8 days versus 1.6 days, p < 0.001). Older age, penetrating mechanism, bradycardia, hypotension, tube thoracostomy, and thoracotomy were associated with early mortality in children.Conclusions
Injured children have higher incidence of early mortality compared to adults. This suggests that injury prevention efforts and strategies for improving early resuscitation have potential to improve mortality after pediatric injury.Level of evidence
Level III: Retrospective cohort study. 相似文献12.
Cristen N. Litz David J. Ciesla Paul D. Danielson Nicole M. Chandler 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(3):446-448
Background
Teenagers receive appendicitis care at both adult and pediatric facilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes following treatment of acute appendicitis in teenagers based on the type of hospital facility.Methods
Patients aged 13–17 years with acute appendicitis who were discharged from acute care hospitals from 2009 to 2014 were identified using a statewide discharge dataset. Hospitals were classified as pediatric or adult and outcomes were compared.Results
There were 5585 patients treated in adult hospitals and 1625 in pediatric hospitals. Fewer patients at adult hospitals had complicated appendicitis (20.4% vs. 33.0%, p < 0.01). Open appendectomy occurred more often in adult hospitals compared to pediatric hospitals (12.6% vs. 6.0%, p < 0.01). Pediatric hospitals had higher rates of non-operative management (10% vs. 3.4%, p < 0.01) and percutaneous drain placement (1.2% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.01). Postoperative complication rates did not significantly differ between hospital types.Conclusion
Most teenagers undergo appendectomy at adult facilities; however, a greater proportion of younger patients and patients with complicated appendicitis is treated at pediatric hospitals. Treatment at a freestanding children's hospital results in lower rates of open procedures and no difference in complications. Opportunities may exist to standardize care across treating facilities to optimize outcomes and resource use.Type of study
Prognosis study.Level of evidence
II. 相似文献13.
Scott S. Short Stephen J. Fenton Eric R. Scaife Brian T. Bucher 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(3):545-547
Purpose
Awareness of equestrian related injury remains limited. Studies evaluating children after equestrian injury report under-utilization of safety equipment and rates of operative intervention as high as 33%.Methods
We hypothesized that helmets are underutilized during equestrian activity and lack of use is associated with increased traumatic brain injury. We queried the trauma database of a level one pediatric trauma center for all cases of equestrian and rodeo related injury from 2005 to 2015. Analysis was conducted using SAS 9.4.Results
Of 312 children identified, 142 were assessed for use of a helmet. Only 28 children (19.7%) had documented use of a helmet. Most injuries occurred while riding a horse (83%) or bull (13%) with traumatic brain injury being the most common injury (51%). Helmet use was associated with decreased ISS (7.1 vs. 11.3, p < 0.01), TBI (32.4% vs. 55.3%, p = 0.03), and ICU admission (10.7% vs. 29%, p = 0.05). Multivariable analysis reveals lack of helmet use to be an independent predictor of TBI (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1–6.3).Conclusion
Helmets are underutilized by children during equestrian related activity. Increased awareness of TBI and education encouraging helmet use may decrease morbidity associated with equestrian activities.Level of Evidence
Retrospective comparative study, Level III. 相似文献14.
Etienne St-Louis Annie Chabot Hayden Stagg Robert Baird 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(5):968-972
Background
Subcutaneous endoscopically-assisted ligation (SEAL) for pediatric inguinal hernia repair has gained in popularity although variations in techniques exist. Peritoneal scarring by thermal injury has been described as an adjunct. We explored the hypothesized inverse-correlation between peritoneal scarring and recurrence after SEAL.Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective review of all patients < 18 years old undergoing SEAL between 2010 and 2016 (REB-20172727). Demographics and outcomes were investigated. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the association between peritoneal scarring and recurrence.Results
We identified 272 patients. Median age was 3 years, 35% were female, and 19% were born premature. Median follow-up was 30 months, ≥ 1 visit/patient. Bilaterality was noted in 35%. There were no reported cases of metachronous hernia, vas injury, testicular atrophy or chronic pain, and recurrence rate was 4.6%. Prematurity, unilateral repair, incarceration, and suture-type (Ti-Cron® vs. Ethibond®) had significant correlation with recurrence on univariate analysis (p < 0.25). Surgeon experience did not. Peritoneal scarring, performed in 195 cases (72%), was not predictive of recurrence (adjusted OR = 0.87, p = 0.830) on multivariable analysis.Conclusion
The rate of complications with SEAL compares favorably to published data. Thermal injury was not associated with improved recurrence rates. The benefits of peritoneal scarring may not outweigh the risks.Level of Evidence
III – Retrospective Case–Control Study. 相似文献15.
James M. Bardes Elizabeth Benjamin Agustin Alvarez Escalante Jinglan Wu Demetrios Demetriades 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(8):1523-1525
Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death among injured children. Depending on geographic location, and trauma resources, pediatric patients may be treated at pediatric (PTC), adult (ATC), or mixed trauma centers (MTC). The effect of the type of trauma center on outcomes in severe TBI is not known.Methods
NTDB study (2007–2014), level 1 trauma centers, patients ≤ 14 years with severe isolated TBI (head AIS ≥ 3 and extracranial AIS ≤ 2). Demographic, clinical and injury characteristics were abstracted. Logistic regression was used to compare outcomes between the three types of trauma centers.Results
10,402 patients met inclusion criteria. 4430 (42.6%) were admitted in PTC, 4044 (38.9%) in ATC and 1928 (18.5%) in MTC. Overall, 39.9% of patients had head AIS 3, 55.5% had AIS 4 and 4.6% AIS 5. Mortality was 3.2% (2.0% in PTC, 4.5% in ATC and 3.3% in MTC). On logistic regression, treatment at ATC was associated with significantly higher mortality than PTC (OR 1.55, p = 0.011). There was no significant difference between PTC and MTC (p = 0.394). There was no significant difference in mortality between the 3 types of trauma centers in the subgroups of patients with head AIS 3 or 5. However, patients with head AIS 4 treated at MTC had significantly lower mortality (OR 0.163, 95% CI 0.053–0.501, p = 0.002).Conclusion
Patients with isolated severe TBI treated at PTC have significantly better survival than patients treated at ATC, but not MTC. In the subgroup of patients with isolated TBI and a head AIS score of 4, patients treated at MTC have improved survival than those treated at PTC.Level of evidence
III. 相似文献16.
17.
Cristen N. Litz Jessica B. Asuncion Paul D. Danielson Nicole M. Chandler 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(3):449-451
Purpose
Antibiotic administration within one hour prior to incision is a common quality metric; however, antibiotics are typically started at the time of diagnosis in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis. The purpose was to determine if antibiotic administration within one hour prior to incision reduces the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI) in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis started on parenteral antibiotics upon diagnosis.Methods
A retrospective review was performed of 478 patients aged 0–18 years who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis from 7/2013 to 4/2015. Patients were categorized based on timing of antibiotic administration; there were 198 patients in Group A (< 60 min before) and 280 in Group B (> 60 min before).Results
Demographics and operative time (A: 30.5 ± 9.9 vs B: 30.8 ± 12.2 min, p = 0.51) were similar. Procedures were performed laparoscopically and the groups had similar proportions of single-incision operations (A: 53% vs B: 55%, p = 0.64). There was no difference in the incidence of superficial SSI (A: 2.0% vs B: 2.1%, p = 1.0) or intraabdominal abscess (A: 4.0% vs B: 3.6%, p = 0.81) and this remained true when stratified by intraoperative classification.Conclusion
Antibiotic administration within one hour of appendectomy in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis who receive antibiotics at diagnosis did not change the incidence of postoperative infectious complications.Type of study
Treatment study.Level of evidence
III. 相似文献18.
Punam P. Parikh Eduardo A. Perez Holly L. Neville Anthony R. Hogan Juan E. Sola 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(6):1175-1180
Introduction
There remains a paucity of literature on survival related to pediatric appendiceal tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, surgical management, and survival outcomes of appendiceal tumors in pediatric patients.Methods
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Registry was analyzed for pediatric appendiceal tumors from 1973 to 2011. Parameters analyzed were: tumor type, surgical management (appendectomy vs. extensive resection), tumor size, and lymph node sampling. Chi-square analysis for categorical and Student's t test for continuous data were used.Results
Overall, 209 patients had an appendiceal tumor, including carcinoid (72%), appendiceal adenocarcinoma (16%), and lymphoma (12%). Patients undergoing appendectomy vs. extensive resection had similar 15-year survival rates (98% vs. 97%; p = 0.875). Appendectomy vs. extensive resection conferred no 15-year survival advantage when patients were stratified by tumor type, including adenocarcinoma (87% vs. 89%; p = 0.791), carcinoid (100% vs. 100%; p = 0.863), and lymphoma (94% vs. 100%; p = 0.639). There was no significant difference in 15-year survival between tumor size groups ≥ 2 and < 2 cm (both 100%) and presence or absence of lymph node sampling (96% and 97%; p = 0.833) for all patients with a carcinoid tumor.Conclusion
Appendectomy may be adequate for pediatric appendiceal tumors. Extensive resection may be of limited utility for optimizing patient survival, placing patient at greater operative risk.Type of Study
Retrospective Prognostic Study.Level of Evidence
III 相似文献19.
Ferdynand Hebal Hayley T. Sparks Karen L. Rychlik Meredith Bone Sifrance Tran Katherine A. Barsness 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(4):794-797
Background/purpose
Arterial catheter complications are a common problem in a pediatric critical care setting, but reported complication rates and risk factors associated with peripheral arterial catheter complications vary. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify risk factors in a pediatric patient population.Methods
We performed a detailed abstraction of provider notes in the electronic medical records of inpatients ≤ 18 years of age who underwent arterial line placement between January 1, 2008 and January 1, 2013 at a university-affiliated standalone pediatric hospital. Inpatient records were assessed for complications associated with arterial catheterization and risk factors inherent to arterial catheter insertion.Results
Two hundred twenty-eight children were identified, of whom 75 (33%) had a total of 106 arterial catheter complications. Complications included line malfunctions (59%, n = 63), bleeding (16%, n = 17), multiple complications (11%, n = 12), infiltration (8%, n = 9), and hematoma (4%, n = 4). Line malfunction was reported in all patients with multiple complications. Independent predictors of complications associated with arterial catheterization were the presence of more than one provider during the insertion (p = 0.007) and insertion attempts at multiple sites (p = 0.036).Conclusions
Our analysis suggests the need for a prospective study to comprehensively assess provider-related risk factors associated with arterial catheter complications in children.Level of evidence
IV 相似文献20.
Kohei Otake Keiichi Uchida Michiko Kubo Akira Yamamoto Yuka Nagano Ryo Uratani Kiyoshi Hashimoto Kohei Matsushita Mikihiro Inoue Hirofumi Sawada Masato Kusunoki 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(3):499-502