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目的初步调查海南省黎族哮喘的患病情况并探讨其影响因素. 方法采用自行设计的调查表,调查海南省三亚和保亭两市、县黎族人群的哮喘患病情况及其影响因素. 结果海南省三亚和保亭的哮喘总患病率为3.0%.单因素分析结果显示,哮喘患病率存在地区差异,男女患病率大致相同,儿童患病率高于青壮年,老年人群的患病率有增高的趋势,影响哮喘患病率的因素还有家庭常住人数、居住面积、文化程度等;而经多因素分析(α入=0.10α出=0.15),只有哮喘家族史和文化程度进入模型.结论海南黎族人群的哮喘家族史和文化程度是哮喘患病率的重要影响因素. 相似文献
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原发性宫颈绒癌(primary cervical choriocarcinoma,PCC)是一种十分罕见的疾病,国外文献报道仅60余例。国内则极少报道。PCC的主要临床表现是不规则阴道流血,妇科检查宫颈呈菜花样改变,有时合并感染,外观似宫颈鳞癌或宫颈妊娠,因此首诊时一般很难确诊,常需作一些辅助检查如血β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)、彩色多普勒超声、病理 相似文献
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周昌德 《中华医学杂志(英文版)》2001,114(2):211-212
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) occurs more frequently in young males than in females. The prevalence of AS in Taiwan, according to our previous study, is about 0.3%.1 AS mainly affects the spine, however, it can also result in peripheral arthritis that occurs in the toes, ankles, knees, hip joints and the tendon and ligaments around those joints.2 In addition, the spine of some AS patients may develop kyphoscoliosis due to late diagnosis or failure to cooperate in following the routine medication and exercises prescribed by their doctors. 相似文献
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目的:分析影响显微镜下输精管附睾吻合术后复通率的可能术中因素。方法:2009年1月至2010年7月北京大学第一医院男科中心共对73例梗阻性无精子症患者行显微镜下输精管附睾吻合术,患者平均年龄31(23~48)岁,平均梗阻时间50.9(2~180)月。术后根据患者的术中情况分别对吻合数量、吻合部位和附睾液3个因素进行分析,其中双侧吻合53例,单侧吻合20例;头部吻合19例,体部吻合46例,尾部吻合8例;附睾液中找到活动精子伴附睾液持续流出55例,不动精子伴附睾液量少18例。术后3个月开始复查精液常规,精子密度>1×104个/mL证实为精道复通。 结果: 20例患者失访,有53例患者成功随访,患者平均随访13.8(4~22)个月,其中38例患者术后精液中出现精子,总体复通率为71.7%(38/53)。精子密度为(1~48)×106个/mL,活力0%~65%(a+b级)。双侧和单侧吻合的复通率分别为80.5%和41.7%;头部、体部和尾部吻合的复通率分别为38.5%、78.8%和100%;附睾液中活动精子和不动精子的复通率分别为83.7%和40%。17例患者配偶自然怀孕,自然怀孕率33.3%(17/53)。 结论:除了显微吻合技术外,双侧吻合、体尾部吻合和流动的附睾液中找到活动精子均可以明显提高复通率。 相似文献
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目的分析影响烧伤休克的因素,为烧伤休克的诊治提供依据。方法回顾性分析5824例烧伤患者的临床资料,了解烧伤面积、年龄、入院时间、并发症与休克发生率的关系。结果烧伤面积越大,休克发生率越高;儿童与老年患者休克发生率显著高于其他年龄段患者;4~12h内入院患者休克发生率高于其他入院时间患者;并发消化道出血,‘肾、肺、心功能衰竭者休克发生率更高。结论烧伤面积、年龄、入院时间和并发症等与烧伤休克关系密切,对烧伤患者应及时进行液体复苏,加强对儿童与老年患者的抗休克治疗。 相似文献
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Factors affecting the long-term renal allograft survival 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background In the past decades, the one-year graft survival of cadaveric renal allografts has been markedly improved, but their long-term survival has not kept pace. The attrition rate of renal allografts surviving after one year remains almost unchanged. The causes for late graft loss are multiple. The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive factors that impact long-term survival of grafts after kidney transplantation.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 524 kidney transplantation patients who were treated in our hospital between January 1991 and January 2000, including 254 patients who had lived more than 10 years with normal graft function (long survival group), and 270 cases whose renal graft had survived less than 10 years (control group). Specifically, we analyzed 10 factors that may potentially affect graft survival by both univariate and Logistic model multivariate analyses to pinpoint the independent risk factors.
Results Univariate analyses showed that no significant differences existed in the age or gender of recipients, dialysis time, lymphotoxin levels, or cold ischemia time between the two groups. However, the ratio of delayed graft function and acute rejection, and the uric acid levels of patients in the long survival group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01). Furthermore, we found that the concentration of cyclosporin A at one year after transplantation and the histocompatibility antigen match of donor-recipients for patients within the long survival group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.01). Furthermore, multivariate analyses showed that these four factors were independent risk factors that impact patient survival.
Conclusions The ratios of delayed graft function and acute rejection, the concentration of cyclosporin A at one year after transplantation, and serum uric acid levels are very important factors that affect the long-term survival of renal grafts.
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背景与目的:HCV的慢性感染可导致肝纤维化和癌变。细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)介导的免疫反应与病毒清除或持续感染有关,并因此决定疾病的进程。方法:采集32例慢性HCV感染肝内和外周血的CD8^+T细胞,应用流式细胞仪分析CD3激发后的细胞表面分化标记、IFN-γ和TNF—α的生成、脱颗粒能力及穿孔素的成分。同时采集13例非病毒性肝病患的CD8^+T细胞作为对照。结果:无论其终末期前和终末期的分化因子(CCR7^-CD45RA^-/+)表型如何,HCV感染肝内CD8^+T细胞对T细胞受体(TCR)介导的刺激反应均弱于未感染,这种缺陷与肝纤维化程度相关。与ALT〉1.5倍正常值的患相比,在ALT〈1.5倍正常值的患中这种缺陷更为突出,而经分裂原刺激后则不明显。 相似文献
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周昌德 《中华医学杂志(英文版)》2001,(2)
Ankylosingspondylitis (AS)occursmorefrequentlyinyoungmalesthaninfemales TheprevalenceofASinTaiwan ,accordingtoourpreviousstudy ,isabout 0 3% 1ASmainlyaffectsthespine ,however,itcanalsoresultinperipheralarthritisthatoccursinthetoes ,ankles ,knees ,hipjointsandth… 相似文献
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目的:利用产气肠杆菌EAM-Z1转化合成5-氟尿苷(5-FUR),并对影响5-FUR转化率的因素进行了考察。方法:以磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)为溶剂的5-FUR的转化率为对照,考察反应溶剂Na2SO4溶液、中间体稳定剂、金属离子、固定化细胞、粗酶液等因素对转化率的影响。结果:以Na2SO4溶液为溶剂进行转化,转化率可提高10%左右;双中间体稳定剂硼砂+硼酸使转化率提高20%左右;Mg2+和Zn2+可提高产物的转化率,在以PBS为溶剂的转化反应中,1 mmol/L Mg2使转化率提高了11.31%,以Na2SO4溶液为溶剂的转化反应中,4 mmol/L Zn2+使转化率提高了9.43%;以固定化细胞进行生物转化,反应时间缩短为1 h,但转化率略有降低;以粗酶液进行生物转化,反应时间为4 h,转化率提高21.29%。结论:5-FUR的转化率受多种因素的影响,合理的反应溶剂如Na2SO4溶液、中间体稳定剂、金属离子、提取酶粗提液等方法均可以较显著的提高5-FUR的转化率。 相似文献
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嵌段共聚物胶束作为一种有效的药物递送系统受到广泛关注,其具备增加疏水性药物溶解度、延长药物体内循环时间、提高药物稳定性、增强药物治疗效果等优点.胶束的形态可引起其载药和体内分布、药动学行为等性质的重大变化.本文通过对国内外文献的研读,重点探讨了影响嵌段聚合物胶束形态的重要因素(聚合物、制备因素、药物及其他),为今后该类型给药系统的设计提供参考. 相似文献