Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bladder and the prostate. Report of 4 cases

During a 9-year period in our clinic 4 patients were seen with signet-ring cell carcinoma. 2 patients had primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bladder, 1 of the prostate. In the 4th case the tumor was located near the penoscrotal angle of the urethra. These cases are reviewed and their main characteristics, mentioned in the literature, are discussed briefly.     

Signet-ring cell carcinoma of bladder. Evaluation of three cases with review of literature

Three cases of adenocarcinoma involving the bladder and consisting mainly of signet-ring-shaped cells are presented. Each case represents a different form that the lesion may take, and these forms are compared. This unusual neoplasm has a worse prognosis than transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, possibly because of factors that lead to delays in management. Radiation therapy is ineffective, and the results of treatment with segmental resection of the involved area of the bladder are equivalent to those of total cystectomy.     

Signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma involving the bladder and the rectum. Apropos of two cases]

Two cases of primary signet-ring cell carcinoma involving the urinary bladder, with invasion of the rectum, are presented. Pelvic exenterations were performed, followed by a rapidly fatal outcome (6 and 7.5 months). These cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bladder were reviewed with 33 previously reported cases in the literature. The clinical characteristics, histologic findings, pathogenesis, and effectiveness of aggressive treatment of this rare bladder malignancy are discussed.     

Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the right ureter

We report on a case of a 72-year-old male with vesical signet-ring cell carcinoma containing a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) component. It was associated with pure TCC of the right ureter. No other microscopic changes were found in the bladder. The pathogenesis of this signet-ring cell carcinoma is described.     

Primary small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Report of a case with immunohistochemical analyses.

A case of primary small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is reported. The light-microscopic diagnosis was supported by immunoreactivity for HISL-19 (marker for peptide-hormone-producing cells) and for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), demonstrating the neuroendocrine differentiation of this rare bladder tumor. Serum NSE, which was significantly elevated, can be a marker for disease extent and response to therapy.     

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Report of a new case and review of the literature

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare entity occurring in fewer than 1% of all the primary bladder tumors. Its clinic and epidemiologyc characteristics are similar to the transitional cell carcinoma. But, its more aggressive with a high tendency to infiltrate the muscular layer and to metastasize. Thus, therapeutic approach used by the pulmonary form has been applied to the bladder carcinoma. The best results has been achieved using systemic chemotherapy, not only in survival rates but in preserving the bladder integrity, playing the radical cystectomy a rescue role in cases of recurrence or persistence of the tumor. We report a new case of small cell carcinoma of the bladder and review the literature with special attention to the different therapeutic approaches.     

Three cases of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report

We report three cases of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Case 1: A 69-year-old man showed microscopic hematuria during follow up of prostate cancer of stage D2. The patient was diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder at the stage of pT2N0M0. Complete remission was achieved by three courses of chemotherapy consisting of irinotecan and carboplatin. The patient was died by prostate cancer 16 months after the chemotherapy. Case 2: An 83-year-old woman presented with macroscopic hematuria. The patient was diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder at the stage of pT2N0M0 and partial cystectomy was performed. The patient has been alive without any evidence of tumor recurrence at 6 months after surgery. Case 3: An 84-year-old man presented with macroscopic hematuria. The patient was diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder at the stage ofcT3bN0M1 with multiple liver metastases. Complete remission was achieved by three courses of chemotherapy consisting of etoposide and carboplatin.     

膀胱鳞状细胞癌（附12例报告）

目的提高对膀胱鳞状细胞癌的诊治水平。方法回顾分析1980年1月至1999年7月收治的12例膀胱鳞状细胞癌临床资料,结合献进行讨论。结果12例中膀胱部分切除术6例,全膀胱切除术 尿流改道术4例,姑息性尿流改道术2例。随访1年生存率50％(6／12),5年生存率16．7％(2／12)。结论膀胱鳞状细胞癌浸润性强,恶性程度高,预后不良。早期诊断、严格掌握手术指征是提高膀胱鳞状细胞癌患5年生存率的有效措施。     

膀胱小细胞癌(附4例报告)

目的：探讨膀胱小细胞癌（SCC）的诊断和治疗。方法：对4例膀胱SCC的病理及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：男3例，女1例，平均66.5岁。分期：T4N0M01例，T4N1M02例，T4N4M11例。根治性膀胱切除术加放疗2例，膀胱部分切除术1例，肿瘤无法切除而行右输尿管皮肤造瘘术1例。2例死于肿瘤复发或转移，平均生存时间6.5个月，另2例已分别生存6个月和3个月，仍在随访中。结论：膀胱SCC预后极差，行根治性切除术加联合化疗或放疗可提高治愈率。     

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Presentation of 23 cases and review of 134 published cases

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morphological diagnostic criteria and biology of the urinary bladder small cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: Study of 23 cases of bladder SCC, looking for the clinical presentation, pathological features and evolution, and review of 134 previously published cases. RESULTS: The SCC is infrequent (0.48-1%), 50% of them have areas of transitional cell carcinoma, supporting the metaplastic theory. The classic small cell morphology is the best diagnostic criterion. The neurone-specific enolase and chromogranin A are good markers, but not indispensable. An early metastatic incidence (56%) with a high mortality rate (68.7%), mostly before 2 years after the diagnosis, is the typical evolution. Only the patients with additional cis-platinum-based chemotherapy have better prognosis. CONCLUSION: The pathologist should watch out for the presence of SCC and the urologist should consider the possibility of combined treatment for these cases.     

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in a young man. A case report and literature review

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare entity characterized by an aggressive clinical behaviour with a high incidence of systemic metastases. We report a case of small cell carcinoma of the bladder in a young man. The primary local tumour was treated by radical surgery, pelvic radiation therapy and polychemotherapy according CDDP protocol. The patient died six months after surgery because disease progression. We also review and update the literature concerning this infrequently tumour.     

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Report of 19 cases

Nineteen patients of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder were admitted to our hospital from 1976 to 1987. It was 3.8% (19/503) of total patients of epithelium neoplasma of the bladder admitted during the same time. The symptoms, diagnosis, aetiology, clinical types and treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder are discussed.     

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report

We report a case of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. The patient was a 58-year-old man complaining of gross hematuria. Clinical examination revealed a non-papillary, broad-based tumor on the right bladder wall with a clinical stage of T3a, N0, M0. Neoadjuvant intraarterial infusion chemotherapy with methotrexate, adriamycin and cisplatin was performed, but it was ineffective. Three weeks later we performed a radical cystectomy. The operative specimen of the tumor revealed small cell carcinoma. It was staged pT3aN0M0R0L2V1. Postoperatively, 1 course of adjuvant chemotherapy using cisplatin and etoposide was performed. The patient is alive without any evidence of tumor recurrence at 6 months after operation.     

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report

We report a case of primary small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. A 74-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of pollakiuria. Cystoscopy showed a papillary tumor. We operated transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-Bt). Histopathological finding was transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), grade3, pT1 containing pTis. About six months later, tumor recurred to the bladder. Pathologic diagnosis was TCC in part and most was small cell carcinoma. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a huge mass lesion with extravesical extension in the urinary bladder, and computed tomography scan showed external iliac lympho node metastasis. The rapid rise of a tumor maker NSE and pro-GRP were remarkable. It was diagnosed as a rapid advance of small cell carcinoma. We performed pelvic radiotherapy, and chemotherapy using carboplatin (CBDCA) and etoposide (VP-16). However 14 months after it had left hospital, computed tomography showed paraaortic lympho node metastasis. The patient died due to rapidly progressive disease.     

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of urinary bladder. Report of a case and review of the literature

Primary extranodal lymphoma of the urinary bladder is a rare disorder that is diagnosed on the basis of histopathology and immunostaining. We report a case of diffuse B cell primary lymphoma of the urinary bladder and review the literature.     

膀胱小细胞癌3例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨膀胱小细胞癌(BSCC)的临床特征、病理学特征和诊治方法。方法:回顾性分析3例BSCC的临床资料。3例均为男性,年龄68~82岁,2例有间断无痛性肉眼血尿,1例有尿频尿急。1例B超检查见膀胱内有1.5cm×0.9cm稍强回声区,后伴弱声影,中心回声较低;1例膀胱镜检查见膀胱颈10~12点处有1cm×1cm乳头状突起,无蒂,广基,呈地毯样生长;1例盆腔CT及加强扫描示膀胱内有类圆形团块状影,大小约2.5cm×2.6cm。2例行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术,1例行膀胱部分切除术。结果:术后病理检查均报告为膀胱小细胞未分化癌。免疫组织化学结果:嗜铬蛋白颗粒均( ~ ),神经特异烯醇化酶均(-~±),例1突触素(-),例2突触素( ),例3突触素( ~ )。例1术后3年复发,患者拒绝行根治性膀胱全切术,服中药治疗10个月后死亡。例2术后8个月因膀胱小细胞癌转移而死于全身衰竭。例3术后病理检查结果为膀胱移行细胞癌2~3级,部分为小细胞未分化癌,局部伴腺样分化,3个月后复发,行根治性膀胱全切加双侧输尿管皮肤乳头术,术后随访15个月无肿瘤复发。结论:BSCC是一种少见的高度恶性的膀胱肿瘤,诊断主要靠病理学检查,早期即可发生转移,预后较差。行根治性切除术加联合化疗可提高治愈率。     

Spindle and giant cell carcinoma of the bladder. Report of 3 cases

3 cases of spindle and giant cell carcinoma are reported. 2 patients with T3N0M0 and T3N1M0 tumors underwent radical cystectomy. They died 8 and 9 months after cystectomy for local recurrence and tumor metastases. Neither radiotherapy nor chemotherapy were effective in these 2 patients. 1 patient with T1NXM0 disease underwent resection of the tumor through cystotomy. Although she had neither adjuvant chemotherapy nor radiotherapy, she is well without recurrence 6 years after surgery. Early surgical resection of the tumor may be the only currently accepted therapy of spindle and giant cell carcinoma of the bladder.     

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report]

We report a case of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. A 60-year-old man with microscopic hematuria was referred to our hospital. Cystoscopy revealed a sessile tumor on the left lateral wall of the urinary bladder. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-Bt). Because of muscle invasion (pT2), total cystectomy was recommended, but was not performed because the patient would not give consent for the operation. Six months after TUR-Bt, invasive bladder tumor recurred and total cystectomy was performed. Pathological examination of the operative specimen revealed small cell carcinoma. Adjuvant combined therapy of irradiation and chemotherapy (nedaplatin and etoposide) was ineffective. Metastases to retroperitoneal lymph nodes, lung and liver were detected soon after the adjuvant therapy. The patient died 15 months after his first visit to our hospital.