抑郁发作自杀未遂患者脑源性神经营养因子水平及其相关因素研究

目的 探讨脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)在抑郁发作自杀未遂者中的可能作用.方法 对抑郁发作自杀未遂患者(自杀未遂组,23例)和抑郁发作无自杀行为患者(无自杀组,24例)采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD24)、Beck绝望量表(BHS)和自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)评定抑郁严重程度、绝望程度及自杀意图的强烈程度;采用酶联免疫吸附法测定其血清BDNF浓度,并与正常对照者(对照组,30名)比较;对自杀未遂组的血清BDNF浓度与各相关因素进行Pearson相关分析.结果 (1)自杀未遂组的HAMD24[(37.8±8.7)分]、BHS[(13.0±3.8)分]及SIOSS评分[(18.1±3.9)分]均高于无自杀组[分别为(26.0±6.0)分、(7.5±4.3)分、(12.0±4.0)分;P<0.01].(2)自杀未遂组的BDNF平均浓度[(57 ±16)ng/L]低于无自杀组[(75 ±28)ng/L;P<0.05],无自杀组的BDNF平均浓度亦低于正常对照组[(111±39)ng/L;P<0.01].(3)自杀未遂组的血清BDNF浓度与抑郁发作的病程(r=-0.541)、BHS总分(r=-0.494)、SIOSS总分(r=-0.754)呈负相关(P<0.01-0.05).结论 低水平的BDNF可能是抑郁发作自杀未遂的一个危险因素.     

双相障碍患者脑源性神经营养因子和白介素血清水平检测

目的：探讨脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和白介素-1β（IL-1β）在双相障碍患者的血清水平。方法：采用Young躁狂量表（YMRS）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对102例双相障碍患者进行评定,其中双相障碍抑郁发作组31例,双相障碍躁狂发作组71例;以单相抑郁症组21例,双相障碍缓解组18例和健康正常者33名作为对照。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清BDNF和IL-1β水平。结果：双相障碍躁狂发作组和双相障碍抑郁发作组血清BDNF水平分别为（32.46±1.54）ng/ml和（28.75±1.62）ng/ml,IL-1β水平分别为（39.63±3.13）ng/ml和（34.84±1.87）ng/ml,均明显低于健康对照组的（45.70±5.74）ng/ml和（54.48±9.46）ng/ml（P〈0.01）;而双相障碍缓解组BDNF和IL-1β水平与健康对照组比较,差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：双相障碍躁狂发作和抑郁发作与BDNF及IL-1β水平有关。     

抑郁症自杀未遂患者血清脑源性神经营养因子水平的变化

目的探讨血清脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平与抑郁症患者自杀行为的关系。方法采用酶联免疫分析实验测定抑郁症自杀未遂患者（36例）、无自杀行为患者（55例）及36名正常对照血清BDNF水平,对抑郁症患者以汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评定抑郁症状,以自杀意念自评量表（SIOSS）评定自杀意念的强烈程度。结果抑郁症患者组血清BDNF水平低于正常对照组（P〈0．01）。自杀未遂组血清BDNF水平低于无自杀组及正常对照组（P〈0．01）。自杀未遂组HAMD总分和SIOSS总分高于无自杀组。抑郁症患者血清BDNF水平与SIOSS总分呈负相关。结论抑郁症患者存在血清BDNF降低,BDNF水平可能是自杀倾向行为的生物学标志。     

双相Ⅰ型与双相Ⅱ型患者血清脑源性神经营养因子水平的研究

目的 探讨血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平在双相I型(BD Ⅰ型)、双相Ⅱ型(BD Ⅱ型)患者与正常对照者间的差异.方法 对广州市3家三级甲等医院精神科临床诊断为情感性精神障碍的患者使用SCID-I/P再诊断,符合BD Ⅰ型和BD Ⅱ型诊断标准的患者为研究组,并进行YMRS及MADRS评定.对照组为经SCID-I/P排除符合DSM-Ⅳ轴Ⅰ障碍的人员.用ELISA方法测定所有研究对象的血清BDNF水平.结果 患者血清BDNF水平显著低于正常对照[(17.60±11.24)ng/ml vs(26.04±12.85)ng/ml,t=-3.953,P＜0.001)];未发现BD Ⅰ型与BD Ⅱ型患者间血清BDNF水平存在统计学差异;未发现患者血清BDNF水平与YMRS、MADRS评分问存在相关关系;合用与未合用情感稳定剂患者间血清BDNF差异无统计学意义.结论 BDNF可能作为BD的生物学标记,在BD Ⅰ型与BD Ⅱ型障碍的病理生理学上起重要作用.     

女性双相情感障碍住院患者高自杀风险的相关因素 分析

目的 分析女性双相情感障碍（BD）住院患者高自杀风险的相关因素。方法 收集 2010 年 4 月至 2019 年 6 月首都医科大学附属北京安定医院 378 例女性 BD 住院患者的病历资料。根据患者 自杀风险,分为低自杀风险组（n=220）和高自杀风险组（n=158）。比较两组患者的一般人口学资料及 临床特征差异,采用二项 Logistic 回归分析女性 BD 住院患者高自杀风险的相关因素。结果 与低自 杀风险组相比,高自杀风险组患者的本次住院天数少、首发年龄及首次抑郁发作年龄小、总发作次 数及抑郁发作次数多、躁狂发作次数少、首发症状为抑郁者和双相Ⅱ型障碍者（BD-Ⅱ）比例高、有精 神病性症状者比例少,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜ 0.05）。二项Logistic回归分析显示,抑郁发作次数 （OR=1.56,95%CI=1.32～1.83）、BD类型（OR=2.30,95%CI=1.16～4.58）以及是否伴精神病性症状（OR=0.56, 95%CI=0.35～0.90）是女性 BD 患者高自杀风险的相关因素（P＜ 0.05）。结论 抑郁发作次数频繁、 BD-Ⅱ、不伴精神病性症状是影响女性 BD 患者高自杀风险的因素。     

精神分裂症自杀未遂者脑源性神经营养因子研究

目的:探讨影响精神分裂症自杀未遂患者脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平的相关因素。方法:采用横断面病例-对照研究设计。研究包括精神分裂症自杀未遂组20例,精神分裂症无自杀行为组28例,正常对照组30名。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法测定血清BDNF浓度。采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)和自杀意图自评量表(SIOSS)对患者组进行评定。比较各组BDNF水平及其与相关因素之间的关系。结果:三组间BDNF水平差异有统计学意义(F=32.395,P<0.01)。Post-hoc分析发现,精神分裂症自杀未遂组BDNF水平[(51.3±11.1)pg/ml]显著低于精神分裂症无自杀行为组[(67.7±20.8)pg/ml](P<0.05),而精神分裂症无自杀行为组BDNF水平也低于正常对照组[(111.3±39.0)pg/ml](P<0.01)。自杀未遂组的血清BDNF水平与自杀严重程度呈负相关(r=-0.836,P<0.01)。结论:精神分裂症自杀未遂患者BDNF水平低于精神分裂症无自杀行为患者和正常人群;BDNF可能是参与精神分裂症自杀病理生理机制的一种重要物质。     

伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者自杀未遂的危险因素

目的分析伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者自杀未遂的人口学资料及临床特征方面的危险因素。方法来自全国13个中心的728例伴有焦虑症状抑郁症患者,根据简明国际神经精神访谈(mini international neuropsychiatric interview,MINI)5.0中文版自杀模块,评估其是否有自杀未遂行为。采用多因素logistic回归,分析伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者在性别、年龄、民族等人口学资料及伴精神病性症状、伴不典型特征等临床特征方面可能与自杀未遂相关的危险因素。结果伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者中,135例(18.5%)有自杀未遂,593例(81.5%)无自杀未遂。有自杀未遂组与无自杀未遂组相比,起病年龄早[(32.3±11.9)vs.(35.3±13.1)],既往抑郁发作次数多(中位数:2 vs.2),既往住院次数多(中位数:1 vs.0),更多患者出现抑郁发作频繁(14.8%vs.7.4%),更常伴不典型症状(25.9%vs.15.0%)和伴自杀意念(78.5%vs.50.3%),应用抗抑郁剂治疗者更多见(81.5%vs.71.2%),差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者既往住院次数多(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.02~1.37)、抑郁发作频繁(OR=2.05,95%CI:1.14~3.68)、伴自杀意念(OR=3.55,95%CI:2.28~5.54)与自杀未遂相关联(P0.05)。结论既往住院次数多、抑郁发作频繁、伴自杀意念可能是伴焦虑症状抑郁症患者自杀未遂的危险因素。     

伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者自杀未遂的危险因素

目的分析伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者发生自杀未遂的社会人口学及临床特征方面危险因素。方法来自全国13个研究中心的626例伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者,通过简明国际神经精神访谈(Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview,MINI)5.0中文版自杀模块评估,分为自杀未遂组和无自杀未遂组。采用多因素logistic回归,分析伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者在社会人口学及临床特征方面可能与自杀未遂相关的因素。结果伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者自杀未遂的发生率为19.2%(120/626)。自杀未遂组相较无自杀未遂组的患者,既往住院次数多,抑郁发作频繁,更常伴非典型症状、伴自杀观念、伴不切实际的罪恶感,更多患者接受抗抑郁剂治疗(均P0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,抑郁发作频繁(OR=2.06,95%CI:1.23～3.47)、伴自杀观念(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.44～3.79)、既往住院次数多(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.04～1.42)、伴不切实际的罪恶感(OR=2.21,95%CI:1.38～3.54)与伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者的自杀未遂相关联(均P0.05)。结论发作频繁、既往住院次数多、有自杀观念或伴不切实际的罪恶感可能是伴忧郁特征抑郁症患者自杀未遂的危险因素。     

抑郁症治疗前后执行功能及其与血清脑源性神经营养因子水平的关系

目的 探讨抑郁症患者执行功能、血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平治疗前后的动态变化及其与抑郁严重程度三者之间的关系.方法 采用威斯康星卡片分类试验(WCST)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)分别评定77例抑郁症患者抗抑郁药物治疗4周前后及74名正常对照组的执行功能和抑郁严重程度;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定受试者血清BDNF水平.结果 与对照组比较,患者组治疗前WCST的总应答数、持续性错误数、随机错误数均增加,完成分类数减少,血清BDNF水平降低[(36.34±15.16)ng/mL vs(23.09±12.13)ng/mL],上述差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而4周治疗后两组间的上述指标的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与治疗前比较,患者组治疗后完成分类数增加、血清BDNF水平[(37.37±21.04)ng/mL]升高,总应答数、持续错误数、随机错误数减少和HAMD总分降低,上述差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).治疗前后血清BDNF水平与相应HAMD总分值均呈负相关(r=-0.28,P=0.01;r=-0.28,P=0.01),而治疗前WCST 5个指标及其治疗后变化值分别与相应血清BDNF水平、HAMD总分值及疗后变化值均无相关(P＞0.05).结论 抑郁症患者存在执行功能受损和血清BDNF水平的下降,后者与抑郁严重程度密切相关,且抗抑郁治疗后执行功能和抑郁症状均改善,血清BDNF水平升高.     

5-羟色胺和胆固醇水平对抑郁症患者再次自杀风险评估的研究

目的 探讨抑郁症患者血小板5-羟色胺（5-HT）和胆固醇水平与抑郁症患者再次自杀的关系.方法 对33例有自杀行为的抑郁症患者在接受治疗前测定血小板5-HT和胆固醇水平,评定汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-24）和Beck绝望量表（BHS）,然后进行2年的随访.结果 16例患者再次出现自杀行为,再次自杀组血小板5-HT及血清胆固醇水平显著低于无再次自杀组（P＜0.01）.5-HT和血清胆固醇水平与HAMD-24、BHS分及自杀次数、自杀严重程度均呈负相关（P＜0.01）,且5-HT与血清胆固醇水平呈正相关（P＜0.01）.多重回归分析显示血小板5-HT浓度、家族史是自杀次数的主要影响因素.结论 低血小板5-HT及血清胆固醇浓度是抑郁症自杀的危险因素,对抑郁症自杀行为可能具有一定的的预测作用.     

Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in bipolar and unipolar depression: A potential adjunctive tool for differential diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a diagnostic challenge during depressive episodes. Noteworthy, the proper differentiation between BD depressive state and MDD has important treatment implications. BDNF levels may be valuable adjunctive tool for this differential diagnosis. Ten subjects with MDD, forty with BD type I and thirty healthy comparison subjects were recruited. All subjects had BDNF serum levels measured and, in patients, BDNF serum levels were assessed during acute depressive episode. Optimal sensitivity and specificity of serum BDNF for the differential diagnosis of unipolar and bipolar depression were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, using a nonparametric approach. Serum BDNF levels in depressive BD patients were lower compared to MDD patients and controls (0.15 ± 0.08, 0.35 ± 0.08, and 0.38 ± 0.12, respectively, p < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC analysis in BD depression vs. MDD was 0.95 (ranged from 0.89 to 1.00). Overall, the AUC of the ROC analysis (BD depression vs. MDD and controls) was 0.94 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.99, p < 0.001). A proposed “best” cutoff of 0.26 resulted in 88% sensitivity and 90% specificity. Serum BDNF levels appear as a promising tool to discriminate bipolar from unipolar depression. Our results suggest the role of BDNF as an adjunctive tool to promote prompt and accurate diagnosis of BD. However, further investigation and replication of these results are warranted.     

Correlation Between Insight Level and Suicidal Behavior/Ideation in Bipolar Depression

Suicide is a relatively common outcome along the course of bipolar disorder. Studies have shown a positive correlation between ideation or attempts of suicide and higher insight in schizophrenic patients. Nevertheless there are still few studies that evaluate the relationship between suicide and insight in mood disorders. Evaluate the relationship between insight and suicidal ideation or behavior in bipolar depression. A group of 165 bipolar patients were followed up along 1 year. Each patient’s mood was assessed in every consultation according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Suicidal ideation and behavior were prospectively assessed through item 3 of HAM-D whenever a major depressive episode was diagnosed. Insight was evaluated through the Insight Scale for Affective Disorders. A history of suicidal attempts was associated with worse insight in 60 patients with one episode of bipolar depression. The difference remained even when the supposed effect of depression over insight was controlled. No correlation between current suicidal ideation and insight level was found though. Our results suggest that a history of suicide attempts may correlate with higher impairment of insight in bipolar depression. No relationship was found between current suicidal ideation and insight.     

Rates and correlates of suicide attempts in first-admission psychotic patients

The relationship of attempted suicide to demographic characteristics, current and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, clinical history, and current symptoms was assessed in a sample of 184 recently hospitalized psychotic patients. Forty-three patients (23%) had an attempt history, and 28 (15% of sample; 65% of attempters) made an attempt during the episode for which they were hospitalized. Demographic characteristics did not distinguish attempters from nonattempters. Variables significantly associated with having ever attempted suicide were current diagnosis of unipolar major depressive disorder but not bipolar; lifetime major depressive episode; a history characterized by a less acute onset, lower pre-admission psychosocial functioning, and episodes of physical violence; and a symptom picture characterized by greater depression, hopelessness, negative symptoms, hallucinations and less thought disorder. Those with a current attempt had significantly higher rates of lifetime history of major depression and less physical violence than those with past attempts only. The potential importance of the data for predicting future suicidal acts is discussed.     

Risk factors related to lifetime suicide attempts in acutely admitted bipolar disorder inpatients

Finseth PI, Morken G, Andreassen OA, Malt UF, Vaaler AE. Risk factors related to lifetime suicide attempts in acutely admitted bipolar disorder inpatients.
Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 727–734. © 2012 The Authors.
Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objective: The main aim of this study was to assess possible clinical characteristics of acutely admitted bipolar I disorder (BD‐I) and bipolar II disorder (BD‐II) inpatients at high risk of suicide by comparing patients who had made one or several serious suicide attempts with patients who had not. Methods: A total of 206 consecutive patients (mean age 42 ± 15 years; 54.9% women) with DSM–IV diagnosed BD‐I (n = 140) and BD‐II (n = 66) acutely admitted to a single psychiatric hospital department from November 2002 through June 2009 were included. Using a detailed retrospective questionnaire, patients with a history of a serious suicide attempt were compared to those with no history of a suicide attempt. Results: Ninety‐three patients (45.1%) had a history of one or more serious suicide attempts. These constituted 60 (42.9%) of the BD‐I patients and 33 (50%) of the BD‐II patients (no significant difference). Lifetime suicide attempt was associated with a higher number of hospitalizations due to depression (p < 0.0001), antidepressant (AD)‐induced hypomania/mania (p = 0.033), AD‐ and/or alcohol‐induced affective episodes (p = 0.009), alcohol and/or substance use (p = 0.002), and a family history of alcohol abuse and/or affective disorder (p = 0.01). Suicide attempt was negatively associated with a higher Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) Positive Subscale score (p = 0.022) and more hospitalizations due to mania (p = 0.006). Conclusions: The lifetime suicide attempt rate in BD inpatients is high. Risk factors of suicide attempts were: (i) a predominant depressive course of illness, (ii) comorbid alcohol and substance use disorders, and (iii) a history of AD‐ and/or alcohol‐induced affective episodes. Risk‐reducing factors were a preponderant manic or psychotic course of the illness. These risk factors may be signs of a clinical subgroup at risk of suicidal behaviour, and seem to be important for suicide risk assessment in acutely admitted BD patients.     

Cognitive function and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with bipolar disorder

Objectives:  Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), and abnormalities in the BDNF-signaling system may be implicated in the cognitive decline observed in BD patients. We aimed to investigate serum BDNF levels in BD patients and its relation to neurocognitive function.
Methods:  We measured serum BDNF levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in 65 euthymic type I BD patients and 50 healthy controls, and administered a neuropsychological test battery to assess attention and mental control, perceptual-motor skills, executive functions, verbal fluency and abstraction, visuospatial attention, and memory.
Results:  We found no significant differences regarding serum BDNF levels in BD patients and healthy controls. We found significant positive associations between serum BDNF levels and illness duration, and manic and depressive episodes in female BD patients only. Serum BDNF levels were lower in patients medicated with antipsychotics and/or lithium, whereas patients on valproate and/or antidepressants showed higher serum BDNF levels. Patients performed significantly worse on 11 out of 16 neurocognitive tests as compared to controls. We found a significant positive association between serum BDNF levels and a test of verbal fluency in both BD patients and controls.
Conclusions:  Present results support the hypothesis that BDNF normalizes with mood stabilization and pharmacological treatment. Our findings in young and physically healthy patients with short illness duration and few mood episodes may explain the lack of association between serum BDNF levels and neurocognitive performance, even though cognitive performance in patients was overall significantly worse as compared to healthy controls.     

Antidepressant-associated switches from depression to mania in severe bipolar disorder

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether switching from depression to mania is part of the natural history of bipolar illness or results from antidepressant (AD) treatment by examining bipolar patients with psychosis early in their illness course. METHODS: A multi-facility cohort of 123 first-admission inpatients, aged 15-60 years, with DSM-IV bipolar disorder (BD) with psychotic features, was followed for four years, and 76 individuals experienced at least one episode of depression. Frequency of and risk factors for switches from depression to mania, time to switch, and duration of the subsequent manic episode were examined in relation to AD use (with anti-manic and/or antipsychotic medications). RESULTS: The 76 respondents experienced 113 depressive episodes. Those prescribed ADs had more depressive episodes and spent more time depressed than non-users. A total of 23 depressive episodes in 17 respondents ended in a manic/hypomanic/mixed episode (20%). The time to switch and duration of the subsequent manic episode were not significantly different for the seven respondents and nine episodes involving AD treatment versus the 10 respondents and 14 episodes without ADs. None of the risk factors (age of onset 相似文献   

双极性指数对双相障碍的识别效能

目的:探讨双极性指数(bipolarity index,BPX)对双相障碍(BD)的识别效能。方法:对经简明国际神经精神访谈(MINI)、符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)BD及复发性抑郁症(RMDD)诊断标准的住院患者各60例进行BPX评估表评估,BPX总分包含躁狂发作特征、发病年龄、病程/相关特征、治疗反应及家族史5个维度。结果:BD组BPX为35~95分,平均(67.4±13.0)分;RMDD组为7~27分,平均(15.3±4.1)分;BD组BPX评分显著高于RMDD组(P0.05)。以BPX 44分为分界值,筛查BD的灵敏度为93.7%,特异度为100%,漏诊率为6.3%,阴性预测值93.7%;以BPX38.5分为界值分,筛查BD的灵敏度为98.3%,特异度为100%,漏诊率为1.7%,阴性预测值98.3%。RMDD组没有1例≥38.5分。BD组和RMDD组BPX评分均与首发年龄、治疗反应呈正相关(P均0.01);BD组BPX评分亦与文化程度及家族史呈正相关(P均0.05)。结论:应用BPX筛检BD具有较高的灵敏度和特异度。有家族史、发作频繁、首次发作年龄小的患者BPX评分高。