Scanning Electron Microscopy of Dermatofibromas

The three-dimensional morphology of six dermatofibromas was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Hypertrophic epidermal ridges covered with large keratinized cells overlay each dermal lesion. Small collagenous fibers in the tumors contrasted with the bundles of much larger collagenous fibers in the normal dermis peripheral to the lesions.     

Tinea Versicolor: A Scanning Electron Microscopic View

Tinea versicolor (TV) infections were studied in the scanning electron microscope utilizing several different sampling and preparatory techniques. Scalpel scrapings provided information only on the morphology of individual spores and hyphae, while biopsies and cyanoacrylate adhesive slides demonstrated the topography of the disease as well as providing information on how the infection spreads and recurs. Critical point drying was necessart to maintain the fine ultrastructure previously described. The deep follicular location of the spores seen in this study probably explains the tendency for TV to recur. The follicular packing was specific, since the eccrine pores seem to be exempt from the infection.     

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Yeasts in Seborrheic Keratoses

Lesions of seborrheic keratoses were studied by scanning electrom microscopy. Numerous yeasts were present on the karatinized cells and hairs associated with the lesions. Surfaces of some yeasts were smooth and others were ruffled. The ruffles suggested the presence of a glycocalyx. The yeasts exhibited the morphological features of Pityrosporum ovale.     

腋毛菌病扫描电镜观察

1952年Grissey等研究了28例腋毛菌病,认为本病的病原体不是真菌,而是类白喉杆菌,称此菌为微小棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium tenuis).     

Hair Shaft Abnormalities. Pili Bifurcati: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis

Abstract:  Pili bifurcati is an extremely rare hair shaft abnormality. We present a case with a scanning electron microscopy analysis.     

The Diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidoses by Electron Microscopy of Skin Biopsies

An ultrastructural examination was carried out on the skin of six children suffering from Mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPSI or Hurler's disease) and MPS II (Hunter's disease). Both intracellular mucopolysaccharides and lipids were observed. The dermal cells, i.e. fibroblasts, macrophages, were loaded with multiple vacuolar inclusions thought to be of lysosomal origin. They appeared either content-free or filled with granular, fuzzy and/or pseudomyelinic structures. Identical abnormalities were observed within the Schwann cells, smooth muscle cells and keratinocytes. Mast cells showed peculiar "worm-like" inclusions apart from their normal granulations. Since ultrastructure of a skin sample may provide as much data as brain, liver or kidney, cutaneous electron microscopy can be recommended to confirm a diagnosis of MPS.     

光泽苔藓的皮肤三维CT特征

目的 探讨皮肤三维CT在光泽苔藓诊断中的应用.方法应用皮肤三维CT技术对5例临床表现典型的光泽苔藓患者进行检测,并与5例毛发苔藓患者的检测结果进行比较.结果皮肤三维CT检测结果发现,光泽苔藓患者病灶部位可见表皮轻度萎缩,真皮乳头增宽,增宽的真皮乳头内可见密集单一核细胞浸润,而毛发苔藓患者病灶部位可见毛囊口扩张,毛囊口内含有角质栓.结论皮肤三维CT有望成为光泽苔藓可选择的实验室诊断方法之一.     

Ultrastructural Basis for the Assay of Topical Acne Treatments. Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Untreated Comedones

After two decades of using systemic antibiotics as a main treatment for acne, emphasis is again being placed on topical agents. Thus, it is highly desirable to have a procedure whereby the activity of the various compounds can be evaluated by direct visualization. Scanning electron microscopy combined with transmission electron microscopy provide the tools for such in assay. This study describes the ultrastructure of untreated comedones and provides the baseline or control data necessary for testing topical treatments. Comedones obtained by punch biopsies or comedo extractors were processed for electron microscopy and studied with an ETEC Autoscan Scanning Electron Microscope and with Philips EM 300 and EM 301 Transmission Electron Microscopes. Microorganisms, keratinized cells, sebum, and hairs interact with each other to form the comedonal mass. Corynebacterium acnes and Pityrosporum ovale proliferate abundantly in close association with sebum and penetrate the keratinized cells. Fine structural details of bacteria and yeasts as well as features of host-microbial relationship have been elucidated.     

电镜及原子力显微镜观察生殖支原体形态学的初步探讨

目的　为了对初步分离成功的生殖支原体进行进一步鉴定。方法　用电子显微镜及原子力显微镜对生殖支原体标准株及分离株进行形态学的初步观察。将标本固定于云母上 ,在接触及轻敲模式下扫描成像 ,操作在常温常压下进行。结果和结论　电镜下生殖支原体多呈烧瓶状或鸭梨形 ,有突出的颈部及膨大的头端。原子力显微镜观察结果与之类似 ,典型者多呈烧瓶状或鸭梨形 ,颈体部多有明显缩窄环或切痕 ,其生殖支原体大小亦与电镜测量结果类似     

Differential Cell Surface Distribution of Adhesion Molecules Demonstrated by Immuno-Scanning Electron Microscopy

Scanning electron microscopy with immuno-gold labeling revealed that epidermal keratinocytes expressed ICAM-1 and HLA-DR molecules on their surfaces in patterns that differed in mycosis fungoides (MF) and lichenoid reaction (LR). ICAM-1 molecules, visualized as deposits of gold particles, were present as clusters adjacent to the junctions interconnecting the keratinocytes of MF lesions. LFA-1 molecules were seen as granules on the surfaces of all infiltrates, most of which also expressed ICAM-1. HLA-DR molecules were seen continuously along the borders of the individual keratinocytes. In LR, ICAM-1 and HLA-DR were expressed only sparsely on the undersurface of the epidermis, whereas the infiltrates expressed LFA-1 molecules on their surfaces. These findings may explain the differing histological features of MF and LR: ICAM-1 molecules present on the intercellular junctions of MF epidermis lead the LFA-1-bearing cells to migrate into the interspaces of the keratinocytes, thus producing “epidermotropism”. These cells aggregate by means of co-expressed ICAM-1 to thus produce the appearance of a “microabscess”. In LR, on the other hand, the minimal expression of ICAM-1 on the epidermal undersurface leaves most infiltrates within the dermis, thus producing a “band-like infiltrate” beneath the epidermis.     

皮肤三维CT在寻常性银屑病诊断中的应用

目的探讨皮肤三维CT在寻常性银屑病诊断中的应用。方法用皮肤三维CT分析40例寻常性银屑病患者及45例其他皮肤病患者皮损部位的影像学特征,探讨Munro微脓肿、角化不全、银屑病样增生、真皮乳头血管扭曲扩张等皮肤三维CT影像学表现对寻常性银屑病的诊断价值。结果 Munro微脓肿、角化不全、银屑病样增生、真皮乳头血管扭曲扩张对诊断寻常性银屑病的敏感性分别为92.50%,95.00%,75.00%和75.00%;特异性分别为97.78%,57.78%,84.44%和75.56%。结论 Munro微脓肿对寻常性银屑病的诊断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可以作为皮肤三维CT诊断寻常性银屑病的重要依据。     

光泽苔藓的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜下特征

目的对光泽苔藓的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)特征进行初步探索。方法选取在本院就诊的27例临床诊断为光泽苔藓的患者,每位患者挑选一处皮损先行CLSM检查,后取该处皮损行常规组织病理检查。同时在该皮损附近正常皮肤处行CLSM检查,进行对照。结果与周围正常皮肤相比,皮损处CLSM图像可观察到真皮乳头部散在分布局限性炎细胞浸润灶,其主要由组织细胞和淋巴细胞组成,下延的表皮突环抱浸润灶。结论光泽苔藓的CLSM图像有一定的特征性,可为该病的诊断和鉴别诊断提供有效的帮助。     

疣状表皮发育不良的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜下表现

目的对疣状表皮发育不良患者皮损的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)图像特征进行初步探索。方法对在我院就诊高度怀疑为疣状表皮发育不良的患者,选定皮损处先做共聚焦激光扫描显微镜扫描,再在该处行组织病理检查,并在皮损附近正常皮肤处做CLSM检查,用做皮损对照。同时选取临床诊断为扁平疣的20例患者与之对照。结果皮损处CLSM图像可见明亮的角质层增厚,表皮中上部较多体积大,形状不规则,大小不一,胞质低折光率呈现黑色的空泡细胞,真皮浅层血管周围可见少量高折光度的淋巴细胞。对照组扁平疣患者CLSM扫描图像:其空泡细胞大小较为一致,呈圆形、椭圆形或梭形,胞质折光率较低。结论疣状表皮发育不良的CLSM图像有一定的特征性,但由于例数有限,其特征有待于进一步发现和证实,此外它能监测该病的动态变化。但应注意与易混淆的CLSM图像相鉴别。     

Multiple Lentigines Syndrome: A Comparison of Normal Skin and Lentiginous Skin by Electron Microscopy and Immunohistochemical Staining

A 26-year-old Korean man exhibited generalized lentigines, a slight prominence of the chin, short stature, and a familial history consistent with the autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The multiple lentigines appeared at the age of 1 and spread over his entire body including the scalp, palms, and soles by the age of 4. There were several large dark pigmented spots on the trunk, but no other skin abnormalities were found. We performed histologic studies of the normal skin and the lentigo by both electron and light microscopy with immunohistochemical stains. Routine hematoxylin-eosin staining of the pigmented skin revealed heavily pigmented basal and spinous layers and prominent rete ridges. Fontana-Masson stain showed enormous black pigmentations on the basal and spinous layers of the pigmented macule. S-100 protein stain of the pigmented lesion demonstrated an increased number of melanocytes per unit skin area. Ultrastructural studies showed the presence of extensive aggregated melanosomes within the keratinocytes in the epidermis of lentigo, but not the presence of giant melanosomes in either normal skin or lentigines.     

Administration of Oral Itraconazole Capsule with Whole Milk Shows Enhanced Efficacy As Supported by Scanning Electron Microscopy in a Child with Tinea Capitis Due to Microsporum canis

Although diagnosis and treatment of tinea capitis in children are not difficult, treatment failures are still somewhat common. We report a case of pediatric tinea capitis cured using oral itraconazole administered with whole milk, after prior treatment failure when oral itraconazole was administered with water. This apparent enhanced efficacy in one individual was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy.