冠心病心力衰竭患者血脂水平与预后相关性研究

目的探讨冠心病心力衰竭患者血脂水平与预后的相关性。方法选取2013年2月至2014年2月该院收治的55例冠心病心力衰竭患者(观察组)和55例冠心病心功能正常患者(对照组)。对两组患者的血脂水平与心功能的关系进行比较,并分析血脂水平与冠心病心力衰竭患者的预后相关性。结果观察组患者在三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著低于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05);死亡组患者的TG、HDL-C水平均显著低于存活组,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),通过Spearman相关性分析,冠心病心力衰竭严重程度与TG及HDL-C水平呈负相关性(P0.05)。结论在冠心病心力衰竭患者的临床治疗中,应重视对患者的血脂水平检测,并给予适宜的血脂水平干预,以提高患者的TG、HDL-C水平,有助于改善冠心病心力衰竭患者的预后及提高生存率。     

Myeloperoxidase level in patients with stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes

Background No studies have measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) across the entire spectrum of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the study was to compare MPO level across the entire spectrum of CAD, to assess the accuracy of MPO in predicting acute coronary syndromes and to define independent correlates of MPO level. Design This case–control study included 874 patients with angiographically proven CAD. Cases included 680 patients with CAD (382 patients with stable CAD, 107 patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes and 191 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction). Controls included 194 subjects with normal coronary angiograms. MPO was measured using an enzyme immunoassay before angiography and heparin administration. Results MPO level [median (25th–75th percentiles)] was 74·5 (52·5–135·3) µg L⁻¹ in cases vs. 61·2 (44·6–80·9), µg L⁻¹ in controls (P < 0·001). MPO level was 61·2 (47·5–85·8), µg L⁻¹ in patients with stable CAD, 99·2 (62·2–154·9), µg L⁻¹ in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes and 129·5 (72·2–216·0) µg L⁻¹ in patients with acute myocardial infarction (P < 0·001). Elevated MPO level was associated with acute coronary syndromes with an area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0·731 (95% confidence interval 0·692–0·770; P < 0·001). Independent correlates of MPO level were acute coronary syndrome (P < 0·001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = 0·007), creatinine (P = 0·026), left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0·027, negative association) and smoking (P = 0·028). Conclusions MPO level is elevated in patients with CAD and higher levels of MPO were found with progression of CAD from stable CAD to non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes and to acute myocardial infarction.     

ADAMTS4 level in patients with stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes

Objective

A recent study indicates that ADAMTS4 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs 4) was expressed in macrophage rich areas of human atherosclerotic carotid plaques and coronary unstable plaques suggesting a pathogenic role in the development of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The aim of the study was to compare ADAMTS4 across the entire spectrum of coronary artery disease (CAD) and to investigate the temporal profiles of ADAMTS4.

Methods

Plasma levels of ADAMTS4 were measured in patients with stable effort angina pectoris (SAP), ACS and in controls. Venous blood was sampled upon admission before angiography and drug administration. In patients with ACS who underwent medical treatment, serial blood samples were also collected on days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 after admission. ADAMTS4 was measured using an enzyme immunoassay.

Results

Plasma ADAMTS4 level in cases was significantly greater than in controls (P < 0.001). Higher levels of ADAMTS4 were found with progression of CAD from SAP to unstable angina pectoris (UAP) to non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and to ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) (P < 0.001). Elevated ADAMTS4 level was associated with ACS with an area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.753 (95% CI 0.654–0.851; P < 0.001). The pattern of ADAMTS4 release observed was clearly different in various forms of ACS. ADAMTS4 showed a weak correlation with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP); however, no significant correlation was found between ADAMTS4 and troponin T (TnT) in ACS patients.

Conclusions

Serial changes in plasma ADAMTS4 were documented in patients with ACS and may serve as a marker of plaque destabilization.     

超敏C反应蛋白与冠心病患者的冠状动脉病变程度及预后的关系

目的探讨超敏C反应蛋白水平(hs-CRP)与冠心病患者的冠状动脉病变程度及其预后的相关性。方法选取经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的患者249例,根据改良Gensini评分值将其分为3组:轻度组63例,中度组96例,重度组90例。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)法测定各组hs-CRP水平。随机抽取133例,平均随访6月,据hs-CRP的常用对数水平的三分位数将随访对象分为3组:低水平组45例、中水平组44例、高水平组44例,比较各组主要心血管事件的发生率。结果冠心病患者hs-CRP水平随Gensini积分值增高而升高,以重度组升高明显,重度组与轻度组、重度组与中度组比较均具有显著统计学意义。多元回归分析显示hs-CRP水平不是冠状动脉病变程度的独立危险因子。随着基线hs-CRP水平升高,心血管事件发生率逐渐升高,hs-CRP高水平组主要心血管事件发生率较中、低水平组有显著性升高。结论血清hs-CRP对冠心病患者的预后判断具有重要的临床价值。     

血清骨保护素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系研究

目的探讨血清骨保护素与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系。方法对70例因胸痛入院的患者均行冠状动脉造影检查,按结果分为正常对照组、单支、双支、多支病变四组,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清骨保护素,同时收集患者的一般临床资料及相应生化指标,并进行多因素Logistic回归等分析。结果与对照组相比,冠状动脉有病变患者血清骨保护素水平明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);血清骨保护素水平随冠状动脉病变支数增加明显升高,冠状动脉病变支数越多,血清骨保护素水平升高越明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多元回归分析示:骨保护素与血管病变支数独立正相关(P<0.001),Logistic分析示:骨保护素与冠心病独立正相关(OR1.011,95%CI1.006～1.016,P<0.001)。骨保护素与Gensini评分正相关(r=0.623,P<0.001)。结论血清骨保护素水平与冠状动脉疾病的发生、进展及严重程度有直接关系。     

Risk factor profile, management and prognosis of patients with peripheral arterial disease with or without coronary artery disease: results of the prospective German REACH registry cohort

Aims  Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are manifestations of the same underlying condition, atherothrombosis. We compared patients with PAD only with those having PAD and concomitant documented CAD in terms of characteristics, risk factors, treatment and prognosis. Methods and results  This is a subgroup analysis of the German cohort of the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry. It includes 483 patients with PAD only, and 479 patients with PAD plus CAD. Patients with concomitant cerebrovascular disease were excluded. Symptomatic PAD was defined as intermittent claudication (IC), confirmed by ankle brachial index <0.9, or PAD-related intervention. Patients in the total cohort were predominantly elderly (mean age 67.3 ± 8.9 years), males (72.3%), current or previous smokers (80.18%), and had often abdominal obesity (49.6%). Atherosclerotic risk factors and comorbidities were highly prevalent. Patients with PAD + CAD compared to those with PAD only were significantly more intensively treated with regards to antihrombotic agents (97.1% vs. 88.8%), statins (80.2% vs. 51.6%), or ACE inhibitors/ARB (75.6% vs. 61.1%). After two-year follow-up, no significant differences between subgroups were noted for total mortality (4.6% vs. 5.5%), cardiovascular mortality (3.7% vs. 3.9%), non-fatal myocardial infarction (1.9% vs. 2.7%) but for non-fatal stroke (4.4% vs. 2.0%, P < 0.05). Conclusion  Peripheral arterial disease patients carry a high burden of risk factors and co-morbidities, and are at high risk of death and cardiovascular events. If documented CAD is absent, PAD patients are undertreated. Thus, in PAD patients, secondary cardiovascular prevention with stringent treatment of risk factors to the same extent as in CAD patients is mandatory, in line with current guidelines.     

冠状动脉粥样硬化与肾动脉狭窄关系研究

目的 探讨肾动脉狡窄与冠状动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。方法 对305例一临床拟诊的冠心病患者,进行冠状动脉造影和腹主动脉造影检查。对两组患者的动脉粥样硬化的易患因素进行独立t检验、趋势X^2检验、线性关联分析、多元logistic回归分析。结果 接受冠状动脉造影和腹主动脉数字减影检查的305倒患者中,肾动脉狭窄发生率为12．8％,经冠状动脉造影证实的172例冠心病患者中,肾动脉狡窄的发生率为22．3％;冠状动脉造影完全正常的103例患者中,无1例有肾动脉狭窄及病变存在。多元Logistic回归分析表明,年龄〉60岁,有冠心痛者,血肌酐≥100μmol／L是肾动脉狡窄的独立预测因素。结论 对冠心病患者,尤其是年龄〉60岁、血肌酐≥100μmol／L的患者,在冠状动脉造影时应进行常规腹主动脉造影检查,而对冠状动脉造影正常者,可不作为常规检查。     

A型主动脉夹层累及冠状动脉超声表现及预后

目的 结合冠状动脉CT血管造影（CTA）结果,分析急性A型主动脉夹层（AAD）累及冠状动脉超声表现及预后。方法 回顾性分析148例因ADD接受Bentall手术患者的临床、冠状动脉CTA及超声心动图资料,根据AAD是否累及冠状动脉将分为累及组和未累及组,比较组间临床资料、超声心动图表现及预后差异。结果 148例AAD中,34例累及冠状动脉（34/148,22.97%,累及组）,多累及右冠状动脉（33/34,97.06%）,114例未累及冠状动脉（未累及组）。累及组AAD患者多有高血压病史（28/34,82.35%,χ²=5.52,P=0.02）,其晕厥或肢体障碍发生率高于未累及组（χ²=6.47,P=0.01）。累及组多见左心室壁增厚（23/34,67.65%,χ²=4.692,P=0.030）、左心室壁运动减低（14/34,41.18%,χ²=4.481,P=0.034）,升主动脉内径增宽、左心房增大发生率均低于未累及组（χ²=4.509、6.114,P=0.034、0.013）。围手术期53例患者死亡（53/148,35.81%）,累及组死亡率（13/34,38.24%）与未累及组（40/114,35.09%）差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.113,P=0.737）。累及组心力衰竭发生率（6/13,46.15%）高于未累及组（7/40,17.50%,χ²=4.352,P=0.037）。结论 ADD常累及右冠状动脉,超声心动图多见左心室壁增厚及室壁运动减低;围手术期易发生心力衰竭致死。     

Serum levels of osteoprotegerin in the spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract

Objective. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily with pleiotropic effects on inflammation, endocrine function and the immune system. Reduced OPG levels are related to insulin resistance. We tested the hypothesis that serum levels of OPG may be associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Material and methods. Four groups of patients were enrolled in the present study: subjects with definite nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, n = 56), borderline NASH (n = 26), simple fatty liver (n = 17) and healthy controls without evidence of liver disease (n = 58). Serum levels of OPG were measured by ELISA. Results. Concentrations of OPG were significantly lower in patients with definite NASH (median: 45 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and borderline NASH (57 pg/mL, p < 0.001) than in controls (92 pg/mL). The area under the ROC curve for distinguishing between steatohepatitis (definite NASH plus borderline NASH) and healthy controls using OPG was 0.82. The use of a cut-off level < 74 pg/mL for serum OPG levels yielded sensitivity and specificity values of 75.6% and 75.9%, respectively. Conclusions. Serum osteoprotegerin concentrations are reduced in patients with the more severe forms of NAFLD and may serve as a noninvasive biomarker to identify patients with NASH.     

不同中医体质冠心病病人冠状动脉病变程度的比较分析

[目的]探讨冠心病中医体质与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。[方法]选择经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的290例病人进行中医体质判定,应用Gensini积分和冠状动脉病变支数来评价冠状动脉病变程度,比较平和质和偏颇体质间冠状动脉病变的特点。[结果]290例病人中医体质分布情况:平和质(正常质)18例,占总病例数的6.21%;偏颇体质(病理体质)272例,占总病例数的93.79%。偏颇体质病人冠状动脉Gensini评分中、高分组所占比例高,且Gensini总评分高于平和质病人,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]偏颇体质发生冠心病的倾向较平和质高,冠状动脉狭窄程度较平和质严重。说明冠状动脉病变与中医体质类型有一定的关系,由此可预测冠心病发病的危险体质因素。