Overweight and Obesity——Induced Oxidative Stress in Children

Objective To investigate whether overweight and obesity might cause oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in overweight and obese children, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Eighty-five overweight and obese children （OOC）, and eighty-five age-matched healthy children （HC） were recruited in this case-control study. The present study analyzed spectrophotometrically vitamin C （VC）, vitamin E （VE）, and β-carotene （β-CAR） in plasma, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, and the level of malondialdehyde （MDA） in erythrocytes. Results Compared with those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and MDA in the HC group, the average values of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, and CAT in the OOC group were significantly decreased （P〈0.001）, while the average value of MDA in the OOC group was significantly increased （P〈0.001）. The regression analysis demonstrated that VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, and CAT were negatively correlated （P〈0.05-0.01）, and MDA was positively correlated with BMI （P〈0.05）. Fitting to the model of multiple stepwise regression of BMI on VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and MDA in 85 OOC was Y = 27.0041 ＋ 0,2541MDA - 2.1448β-CAR -- 0.0090CAr, where F = 43.8088, P〈0.001, r = 0.7866, r^2= 0.6187, adjusted r^2= 0.6046. The findings from the reliability analysis for VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and MDA used to reflect increased oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the OOC showed that the reliability coefficients （alpha, 6 items） = 0.7231, P〈0.0001, and that the standardized item alpha = 0.9207, P〈0.0001, Conclusion The present study suggests that there exists an increased oxidative stress in overweight and obese children.     

Increased oxidative stress in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension

Objective To investigate whether pregnancy-induced hypertension （PIH） may increase oxidative stress in women with PIH, and to explore the mechanisms by which PIH may increase oxidative stress and potential free radical damage. Methods Seventy women with PIH and seventy women with uncomplicated normotensive pregnancy （UNP） whose age, nutritional conditions, levels of hemoglobin and albumin were all matched, were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. Their plasma concentrations of nitric oxide （NO）, vitamin C （VC）, vitamin E （VE）, and β-carotene （β-CAR） as well as their erythrocyte malondialdehyde （MDA）, and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and glutathione peroxidase （GPX） were determined by spcctrophotometry. Results Compared with average values of the above experimental parameters in the women with UNP, the average value of erythrocyte MDA in the women with PIH significantly increased （P〈0.0001）, while the average values of plasma NO, VC, VE, and β-CAR as well as those of erythrocyte SOD, CAT, and GPX in the women with PIH significantly decreased （P〈0.0005-0.0001）. The findings from partial correlation analysis （controlling for age） for 70 women with PIH showed that with elevated systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, MDA value gradually increased （P〈0.001）, and NO, VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and GPX values gradually decreased （P〈0.02-0.001）. The findings from reliability analysis for NO, VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, GPX, and MDA values used to reflect increased oxidative stress and potential free radical damage in women with PIH showed that the reliability coefficients （alpha, 8 items） = 0.7062, P〈 0.0001, and the standardized item alpha = 0.9116, P〈 0.0001. Conclusion The findings in the present research suggest that pregnancy-induced hypertension can increase oxidative stress and potential free radical damage in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension.     

Abnormal reactions of free radicals and oxidative damages in the bodies of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis

Objective To study the abnormal reactions of a series of free radicals and the oxidative damages induced by free radical abnormal reactions in the bodies of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Methods Eighty chronic glomerulonephritis patients (CGNP) and eighty healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study, in which concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxides (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC),vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric assays. Results Compared with the average values of the above biochemical parameters in the HAV group, the average values of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the CGNP group were significantly increased (P = 0.0001), while those of VC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the CGNP group were significantly decreased (P = 0.0001). Pearson product-moment correlation analysis showed that with increase of the concentration of blood creatinine as well as prolongation of the course of disease in the CGNP, the concentrations of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the CGNP increased gradually, while the concentrations of VC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the CGNP decreased gradually (P = 0.002454 - 0.000001).The relative risk ratio (RR) of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damages in the bodies of CGNP ranged from 6.061 to 72.429. The reliability coefficient (alpha) that the above biochemical parameters were used to reflect the oxidative damages of the CGNP was 0.8137,standardized item alpha = 0.9728, Hotelling's T-Squared = 1135680.191, F = 53274.6478, P =0.000001. Conclusions The findings irt this study show that in the bodies of CGNP a series of free radical chain reactions result in severe pathological aggravation and induce oxidative damages in their bodies. Therefore, suitable dose of antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate oxidative damages in their bodies.     

Oxidative stress and free radical damage in patients with acute dipterex poisoning

Objective To investigate whether acute dipterex poisoning (ADP) may cause oxidative stress and free radical damage in the bodies of acute dipterex poisoning patients (ADPPs), and to explore the mechanisms by which ADP may cause oxidative stress and free radical damage. Methods Fifty ADPPs and fifty healthy adult volunteers (HAVs) whose ages, gender and others were matched with the ADPPs were enrolled in a randomized controlled study, in which concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and P-carotene (P-CAR) in plasma as well as concentration of lipoperoxide (LPO), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometric analytical methods. Results Compared with the average values of experimental parameters in the HAVs group, the average values of plasma NO and erythrocyte LPO in the ADPPs group were significantly increased (P<0.0001), while those of plasma VC,     

Oxidative Stress in Patients With Acute Coxsackie Virus Myocarditis

To study the state of oxidative stress in patients with acute coxsackie virus myocarditis (ACM), and to investigate the pathological chain reactions of a series of free radicals and oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in their bodies. Methods Eighty ACM patients and 80 healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a case-control study, in which concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxides (LPO) in plasma and LPO in erythrocytes (RBC), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in RBC were determined by using spectrophotometric assays. Results Compared with the average values (AV) of the above biochemical parameters (BP) in the HAV group, the AV of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and RBC in the ACM group were significantly increased (P=0.0001), while the AV of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in the ACM group were significantly decreased (P=0.0001). The values of the above BP were used to estimate the relative risk ratio (RR) between the ACM group and the HAY group; the RR and its 95 % confidence interval were 12.467 (5.745～27.051), 4.333(2.126～8.834), 6.517 (3.225～13.618), 3.310 (1.598～6.858), 31.000 (12.611～76.201),4.663 (2.228～9.759), 11.769 (5.440～25.462), 3.043 (1.486～6.229) and 6.594 (3.045～14.281)respectively, and their P levels ranged from 0.002 to 0.0001. The results were asfollows: D = 22.143 - 0.017SOD + 0.008NO + 0.244LPO in RBC, Eigenvalue = 13.659,Canonical correlation = 0.965, Wilks' λ = 0.068, χ2 = 420.212, P = 0.0001. The correct rate of discrimination to the ACM group and to the HAV group was 87.5% and 95.0 %, respectively,and 91.3 % of originally grouped cases was correctly classified. Conclusion The findings in this study suggested that the oxidative stress in bodies of ACM patients was severely aggravated, and marked high oxidative constituents and low antioxidants and antioxidases in the human body might increase the relative risk of inducing acute coxsackie virus myocarditis, and measuring the values of NO in plasma, SOD and LPO in RBC might increase the correct rates of discriminatory analysis of the ACM.     

Evaluation of oxidative stress in colorectal cancer patients

Objective To evaluate the oxidative stress in patients with colorectal cancer and to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and colorectal cancer. Methods Seventy-six subjects were divided into two groups （36 colorectal cancer patients as the study group and 40 normal healthy individuals as the control group）. Their protein oxidation, DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione （GSH）, and antioxidative enzymes in serum were detected. Results The levels of protein carbonyl and advanced oxidation protein products （AOPP） were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group （P〈0.01）. Serum 8-OHdG was significantly increased in the study group compared to the control group （P〈0.01）. However, the mean serum level of MDA and conjugated diene was lower in the study group than in the control group （P〈0.01）. The activity of antioxidative enzymes was significantly decreased in the study group compared to the control group （P〈0.01）. Serum vitamins C and E concentrations were significantly reduced in the study group compared to the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Colorectal cancer is associated with oxidative stress, and assessment of oxidative stress and given antioxidants is important for the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer.     

糖尿病大鼠血清一氧化氮及其抗氧化功能的变化

目的：观察糖尿病大鼠血清一氧化氮(NO)及其抗氧化酶的改变，以探讨．NO及其抗氧化系统的变化对胰岛细胞病理损伤的影响。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠22只，随机留取12只为正常对照组，其余大鼠以四氧嘧啶诱导成糖尿病模型，为糖尿病组。分别进行实验前后生化指标的检测及胰岛细胞的形态学观察。结果：糖尿病大鼠红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性随病程的延长由升高至降低，8周末，明显低于正常对照组，同时血清MDA水平高于正常对照组；血清NO及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)随病程的延长逐渐升高，8周末，明显高于正常对照组。结论：糖尿病大鼠血清NO的升高、抗氧化系统平衡失调可能是其胰岛细胞病理损伤的原因之一。     

肺结核与氧化应激关系的初步探讨

目的探讨肺结核与氧化应激的关系及其可能的机制.方法用分光光度分析法检测50例肺结核患者(PPT)和50例健康成人志愿者(HAV)的血浆维生素C(VC)、维生素E(VE)、β-胡萝卜素(β-CAR)含量和红细胞丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性.结果与HAV者比较,PPT患者的MDA平均值显著增高(P<0.001);而VC、VE、β-CAR、SOD和CAT均显著降低(均P<0.001).控制年龄的偏相关分析提示,随着PPT病程的延长,MDA值逐渐增高(r=0.4255,P<0.01),而VC、VE、β-CAR、SOD和CAT值逐渐降低(r分别为-0.3288、-0.3816、-0.4744、-0.3169和-0.3768,P<0.05～0.01).结论肺结核患者体内的氧化应激病理性加剧,且与病程有关.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者氧化损伤指标的检测及临床意义

5目的：探讨血清中氧化损伤指标与慢性乙型肝炎的关系。方法：采用化学比色法检测42例慢性乙型肝炎患者(A组)、30例非活动性乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者(B组)及22例健康对照者(C组)血清中氧化损伤指标:丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（TAR）,常规测定血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)浓度、乙肝病毒载量(HBV DNA),并进行统计分析。结果:A组与其他两组相比,MDA及氧化损伤指数（Oxidative Stress Index,OSI）均明显升高（P＜0.05, P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.01）,TAR差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05, P＞0.05）;B组与C组中, MDA及OSI差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05, P＞0.05）;A组中MDA浓度及OSI与ALT水平呈正相关（r＝0.61,r＝0.45）;HBVDNA水平与氧化损伤指标间无明显相关。结论：慢性乙型肝炎患者体内存在氧化-抗氧化平衡紊乱,氧化损伤指标是判断病情的良好指标。     

Ozone Emitted During Copying Process -A Potential Cause of Pathological Oxidative Stress and Potential Oxidative Damage in the Bodies of Operators

INTRODUCTION Copying of references, documents, information and photos plays important roles in social, economic, business, scientific and technological affairs, however, photochemical smog emitted during this process may become risk factors inducing potential oxidative 1Correspondence should be addressed to Prof. Jun-Fu ZHOU, Second Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang R…     

锌治疗大鼠慢性细菌性前列腺炎的病理学观察及细菌学分析

目的 探索锌剂治疗大鼠慢性细菌性前列腺炎(CBP)的机理及影响. 方法 健康成年雄性大鼠100只,随机分为正常对照组(n=20)、CBP模型对照组(n=20)、CBP锌剂治疗组(n=20)、CBP左氧氟沙星治疗组(n=20)及CBP锌剂与左氧氟沙星混合治疗组(n=20).采用消痔灵及大肠埃希菌制备CBP大鼠模型.CBP锌剂治疗组、CBP左氧氟沙星治疗组及CBP混合治疗组给予相应药物灌胃治疗,正常对照组及CBP模型对照组给予无菌生理盐水灌胃.疗程10 d,分别于2 d、4 d、6 d、8 d、11 d取各组大鼠前列腺,检测细菌数量并分离鉴定细菌性质.于4 d、9 d、14 d、20 d、28 d取各组大鼠前列腺,进行组织病理学检测. 结果 CBP各治疗组大鼠前列腺组织的细菌数量与模型对照组相比均明显降低(P＜0.05).CBP混合治疗组大鼠前列腺内细菌在治疗8 d后不能检出.4~6 d CBP混合治疗组大鼠前列腺组织的细菌数量与CBP锌剂治疗组相比明显降低(P＜0.05).正常对照组大鼠前列腺病理学检查未见明显病理变化;模型对照组大鼠前列腺组织表现为慢性炎症的病理变化;各治疗组大鼠前列腺慢性炎症改变均有不同程度缓解,其中混合治疗组的慢性炎症明显减轻. 结论 锌剂具有活化提高前列腺组织细胞抗菌能力的作用,有利于前列腺组织炎性病理损害的缓解以及损伤组织的修复,与敏感抗生素结合治疗CBP具有更显著的治疗效果.     

慢性失眠障碍患者血清丙二醛、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平及其影响因素

目的探讨慢性失眠障碍患者血清丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）水平及其影响因素。方法收集慢性失眠障碍患者110例（患者组）和睡眠正常的健康者90例（健康对照组）,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷（PSQI）对慢性失眠障碍患者的睡眠质量进行评定,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-24）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA-14）对慢性失眠障碍患者的焦虑、抑郁水平进行评定,受试者血清MDA水平采用比色法（TBA法）进行测定,血清GSH-PX水平采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）进行测定。结果患者组患者的血清MDA水平明显高于健康对照组,血清GSH-PX水平明显低于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示,患者组患者的PSQI总分为血清MDA水平的独立影响因素（标准化茁=0.354,P=0.008）,另外患者组PSQI总分和BMI是血清GSH-PX水平的独立影响因素（标准化茁=-0.393,P=0.002;标准化茁=0.254,P=0.025）。结论慢性失眠障碍患者体内存在血清MDA、GSH-PX水平异常,氧化应激可能是慢性失眠障碍引起的病理生理变化之一。     

May Chronic Childhood Constipation Cause Oxidative Stress and Potential Free Radical Damage to Children？

INTRODUCTION Constipation is a symptom rather than a specific disease. It is generally defined by patients as defecation frequency of twice weekly or less, and the defecation frequency of patients with chronic constipation is much less still. However, the…     

Increased serum nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels in patients with acute intestinal amebiasis

Objective

To determine the level of oxygen-nitrogen stress parameters in the pathogenesis of amebiasis.

Methods

Twenty-four acute intestinal amebiasis patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were determined spectrophotometrically.

Results

Serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were significantly higher in acute intestinal amebiasis patients than healthy controls (P<0.001).

Conclusions

These results suggest that oxidative and nitrosative stress may play a major role in tissue damage in acute intestinal amebiasis patients. Also these parameters can be used to supplement the conventional microscopic method for reliable diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis.     

脑梗死患者同型半胱氨酸及氧化、抗氧化指标的测定及其意义

目的探讨血清总同型半胱氨酸(HCY)与急性脑梗死发病的关系及可能致病机制.方法脑梗死组40例、健康对照组30名采用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定血清HCY和分光光度比色分析法测定血浆一氧化氮(P-NO)、血浆维生素C(P-VitC)、血浆过氧化脂质(P-LPO)及红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(E-SOD)水平.结果脑梗死组HCY、P-NO、P-LPO均高于对照组(P＜0.01),而P-VitC、E-SOD均低于对照组(P＜0.01).HCY与P-VitC呈负相关(r=-0.51,P＜0.01),HCY与P-LPO、P-NO呈正相关(r分别为0.51、0.52,均P＜0.01);P-VitC与P-LPO呈负相关(r=-0.58,P＜0.01);E-SOD与P-NO呈负相关(r=-0.85,P＜0.01).结论高HCY血症与脑梗死发病有关,氧化应激损伤可能是其致病机制之一.     

3,4—Methylenedioxymethamphetamine（MDMA） Abuse Markedly Inhibits Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Induces Severe Oxidative Damage and Liperoxidative Damage

Objective To investigate whether 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) abuse produces another neurotoxicity which may significantly inhibit the acetylcholinesterase activity and result in severe oxidative damage and liperoxidative damage to MDMA abusers. Methods 120 MDMA abusers (MA) and 120 healthy volunteers (HV) were enrolled in an independent sample control design, in which the levels of lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and erythrocytes as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results Compared with the average values of biochemical parameters in the HV group, those of LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the MA group were significantly increased (P<0.0001), while those of SOD, CAT, GPX and AChE in erythrocytes in the MA group were significantly decreased (P<0.0001). The Pearson product-moment correlation analysis between the values of AChE and bioche     

对129名慢性前列腺炎患者症状差异的调查和原因分析

目的:调查不同发病危险因素下慢性前列腺炎患者的症状差异.方法:建立以NIH-CPSI为基础的症状问卷,加入对慢性前列腺炎发病危险因素的调查;我们在一个网上论坛"前列腺炎患者自助中心"对慢性前列腺炎患者投放问卷,经电子邮件回收.将筛选后的129份问卷按照发病危险因素不同分为3组进行症状差异分析.结果:三个症状群的出现率在三组间有较明显的差异:会阴/肛门坠胀(P1,2＜0.05;P1,3＜0.05)、尿道内刺痒/刺痛(P1,2＜0.005;P1,3＜0.005)和尿频/尿急/尿不尽/排尿无力(P12=0.069;P1.3=0.052).结论:不同发病危险因素下的前列腺炎患者在一些症状上存在差异,考察这些差异与其相应危险因素(如频繁射精)的关系将为该病的病因学研究提供线索.     

急性病毒性心肌炎患者体内氧化应激反应及损伤

目的：探讨急性病毒性心肌炎（ACM）患者体内的氧化应激反应以及潜在的氧化损伤。方法：对57例ACM患者（病例组）和60例健康成人志愿者（HAV，对照组）的血浆一氧化氮（NO）、过氧化脂质（LPO）的含量和红细胞LPO的含量及血浆谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）活性和红细胞过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性进行了检测，对2组各生化参数的含量、活性及95％可信区间进行了比较。对ACM患者血浆GST活性与其他生化参数进行直线相关分析，并对ACM患者机体潜在氧化损伤的相对危险度估计及其95％可信区间进行了分析。结呆：（1）病例组血浆NO、LPO含量和红细胞LPO含量明显高于对照组，血浆GST活性和红细胞CAT活性明显低于对照组（P均〈0．001）；（2）病例组血浆NO、LPO含量和红细胞LPO含量平均值的95％可信区间的下限均高于对照组相应生化参数平均值95％可信区间的上限，而血浆GST活性和红细胞CAT活性平均值的95％可信区间的上限均低于对照组相应生化参数平均值95％可信区间的下限；（3）ACM患者随着GST活性的降低，血浆NO、LPO含量和红细胞LPO含量逐渐升高，呈直线负相关（P〈0．05），而红细胞CAT活性逐渐降低，呈直线正相关（P〈0．01～0．001）；（4）与对照组比较，ACM患者遭受潜在氧化损伤的相对危险度就95％可信区间来说，最小是对照组的1．319倍，最大是对照组的11．366倍。站论：ACM患者体内的NO代谢紊乱，自由基病理性连锁反应加剧，引起严重的氧化应激反应和潜在的氧化损伤。治疗ACM患者应每日补充适量的维生素C、E等抗氧化剂，以减缓患者体内潜在的氧化损伤。     

慢性前列腺炎患者治疗前后精液参数改变

目的:观察慢性前列腺炎(CP)对精液质量的影响和治疗后的改变。方法:对诊断为CP的286例患者进行精液分析,并与40例正常男性精液进行比较,然后对286例CP患者进行抗生素序贯治疗和综合治疗3个月,每个月随访1次。结果:CP患者精子存活率、活动力和正常形态精子均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),经治疗后精子存活率、活动力和正常形态精子等提高均明显大于治疗前(P<0.01)。结论:CP影响精液质量;经积极治疗CP,患者的精液质量可明显改善。