分割导体内预置测温光纤的XLPE电缆及附件的研制及试验

电力电缆导体运行温度是电缆线路安全运行的重要参数。在电缆制造时,将测温光纤预置于电缆分割导体内。并对其配套的电缆附件进行了初期的电气性能、光纤连接、引出的可操作性进行模拟试验。在预鉴定试验线路安装时,两段电缆导体内的光纤在接头的导体连接管外进行连接。在电缆线路两端户外终端（或GIS终端）处,将电缆分割导体内的预置光纤引出到终端外部与分布式光纤测温系统的光纤连接。分布式光纤测温系统通过预置于电缆分割导体内的测温光纤实现对电缆导体温度的在线监测。     

多模梯度（聚焦）型塑料光纤研究进展

多模梯度型塑料光纤，其折光 率径向分布呈连续的抛物线型分布。光在这种纤维中的行程按正弦波前进。这类纤维具有频带宽、传输容量大，信号保真度高的优点。本文就二十多年来有关ＧＩＰＯＦ的研究进展进行了较全面的综述。     

光纤生物传感器检测嗜肺军团菌方法的建立

目的建立光纤生物传感器检测嗜肺军团菌的方法,为嗜肺军团菌提供一种快速、现场的检测手段。方法先用抗原或抗体包被光纤,再加入待测物质孵育6-10 min,最后加入荧光探针反应6-10 min,根据理化换能元件可以将荧光信号转换成电信号的原理,实现对样品的定性或定量检测目的。同时探讨了光纤修饰方法,包被缓冲液以及离子强度等因素对实验结果的影响。结果光纤生物传感器法检测嗜肺军团菌时,最低可检测到3×104cfu/mL,检测响应时间为20 min;伤寒沙门菌、大肠杆菌、结核杆菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、霍乱弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾志贺菌的检测结果均为阴性,显示出良好的特异性。结论光纤生物传感器检测嗜肺军团菌时,表现出快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好等优点,可作为嗜肺军团菌的一种初筛方法。     

光纤浸入法过程监测利福平胶囊的体外溶出度

目的:研究一种实时、在位监测利福平胶囊体外溶出度的测定方法-光纤浸入法试验。方法:以分支光纤为光传输媒介,分别连接光源和监测器,光纤公共端部直接插入溶出杯的上、中、下3个不同位置监测利福平胶囊的溶出过程。结果:光纤探头在溶出杯中3个不同深度的位点时,监测利福平胶囊溶出度结果有差异,在溶出杯的中、上、下部,Td、T50依次增大;光纤探头放置于药典规定的取样点处时,结果与药典法一致。结论:光纤化学传感检测过程中不需要取样、过滤、补液等操作,简单易行,极大地节省了劳动强度,提高了测定的精密度和准确度,获得的数据信息完整,反映了药物在体外溶出的过程,替代了繁琐的传统测试方法。     

光纤布拉格光栅对医用超声波的响应的研究

本文阐述了超声波和光纤光栅的特性,分析了光纤光栅对超声波的响应原理,设计了光纤光栅检测超声波的装置,模拟了光纤光栅受超声波作用后的反射谱,当超声波波长远大于光栅长度时,布拉格波长变化与超声波幅度成比例,通过光纤光栅的中心波长变化便可检测出超声波的特性。     

基于荧光猝灭原理的光纤化学传感器研究Ⅳ．传感器结构、装置和仪器系统

根据分析测试目的和对象的不同，基于荧光猝灭原理的光导纤维化学传感器（ＦＯＣＳ）被做成通用简易型、三通型或复合型多种结构。为了适应普通样品分析、生物样品在线分析以及远距离在位在线分析的要求，分别设计了试杯法、分支光纤／荧光分光光度法、单支光纤／荧光计法、流动注射／荧光计法以及ＦＯＣＳ／时间分辨法共５种装置。经实际使用证明，不同结构传感器结合这些仪器装置系统已达到实用要求。     

光纤复合中压电力电缆中间接头及终端安装技术

光纤复合电力电缆是我国智能电网建设的关键设备之一,可以同时实现高压主干电缆电能输送和高速光纤信息的传输,在电网建设和高速主干通信网建设中具有独到的优势。3M作为电力电缆附件设计、生产的跨国著名公司,在中高压光纤复合电力电缆的中间接头续接及终端附件安装方面具有成熟的成套解决方案,本文就复合电缆本身的特点及附件安装要求进行了分析。     

光纤血压传感器的研制

血压的测量一直是医学中一项十分重要的指标。传统的压阻式血压传感器存在着绝缘难度大，温度补偿环节复杂。动态范围小等困难。新研制的光纤血压传感器，敏感端不民，因而不存在绝缘问题，温度漂移极小。精度高，动态范围大，体积小、稳定可靠，非常适合于血压及其他多种液体压力及乃至气候压力的测量。     

高压单芯电缆内置光纤安装技术问题探讨

近两年,佛山地区的高压单芯电缆分布式光纤在线测温系统应用较多,本文结合工程实际,对测温光纤的敷设形式、测温光纤的结构、含光纤电缆的生产、光纤的接续施工、故障案例分析、光纤金属铠装与电缆金属层形成闭合回路等问题进行了探讨,提出了自己的观点,有一定的参考价值。     

光纤化学传感仪在线监测多潘立酮片溶出度

目的：考察光纤化学传感仪实时、在线过程监测多潘立酮片体外溶出度测定方法的可行性。方法：采用DT-601型光纤传感药物溶出度／释放度原位过程监测仪，同时监测6片多潘立酮片体的药溶出过程，双波长法（284／350nm）消除赋形剂干扰，计算机处理数据、实时显示药物溶出／释放曲线及打印结果，并与部颁标准WS1-（X-185）-97Z规定方法作比较。结果：本法自动监测药物溶出的全过程，实时显示完整的药物溶出曲线及数据，直接提取溶出度参数，与部颁标准方法比较，T4、T50及累积溶出百分率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：光纤药物溶出度过程监测法能够有效测定药物的溶出度。免除了补液、过滤、稀释等手续，减少人为操作误差，结果准确。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.