新鲜蔬菜贮存方式及烹调方法对维生素C含量的影响

目的：探讨新鲜蔬菜不同贮存方式及烹调方法对维生素C含量的影响。方法：从4个市场购买等量的蔬菜,混匀后根据贮存方式和加热及添加醋的方式分成4组,采用2,6-二氯酚靛酚滴定法测定每组蔬菜中维生素C的含量：结果：放置时间越长会使维生素C含量越少。不经任何处理的蔬菜维生素C含量和保存率较高,各种蔬菜经烹饪后,维生素C含量有不同程度的损失。不加醋蔬菜的维生素C含量损失较大,加醋后再处理蔬菜维生素C含量损失量较小。结论：建议用冰箱贮存蔬菜,在食用蔬菜时尽量生食或在烹调时添加一定量的食醋来减少蔬菜维生素C的流失。     

蔬菜新资源鲁梅克斯-k1杂交酸模营养生理功能的研究

目的：评价鲁梅克斯－k1杂交酸模的营养功能。方法：36只大鼠分为4组，分别饲喂人工半合成饲料（对照组）及添加杂交酸模，番茄和羽衣甘蓝的饲料。实验中进行了2次7d的氮平衡实验。37d后，断头取血，取组织等测定有关指标。结果：酸模组大鼠氮平衡测定、血液学参数、组织中蛋白和DNA含量、血脂水平同其他三组比较均未见差异。酸模组大鼠肝脏中丙二醛含量显著低于对照组，三个添加蔬菜组大鼠肠道中大肠杆菌的菌落计数均显著低于对照组，而每日粪便排出量均高于对照组。结论：鲁梅克斯k-1杂交酸模具有与番茄和羽衣甘蓝类似的营养功能，有较好的抗氧化作用，可望成为一种新型的蔬菜资源。     

传统烹调与微波烹调对蔬菜中维生素C的影响

目的 分析传统烹调与微波烹调对蔬菜中维生素C(VC)的影响,寻找最大限度保留蔬菜中VC的烹调方法.方法 3种蔬菜(黄瓜、西红柿和蒲公英)在漂烫、微波加热、油炒、微波油炒烹调方式下,采用2,4-二硝基苯肼法测定处理后的蔬菜中的VC的含量,并与空白处理后VC的含量进行比较分析.结果 和对照组相比,其余4种烹调方式中蔬菜中VC均有损失.而油炒与微波油炒相比,微波油炒损失率更大;漂烫和微波加热相比,漂烫损失率较大.结论 相对于普通烹调方式,微波烹调更能较好的保存蔬菜中的VC.     

Vitc、Vite对DEHP致果蝇脂质过氧化的拮抗作用

目的：探讨酞酸酯类化合物作用于果蝇引起组织中脂质过氧化产物增多的作用和机理。同时探讨VitC、VitE对这种作用的拮抗。方法：测定不同浓度邻苯二甲酸一2—乙基己基酯(DEHP)染毒组果蝇体内超氧化物歧化薛(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量；再检测同时给予较高剂量DEHP和不同浓度的VitC和VitE的情况下，果蝇体内SOD活性和MDA含量。结果：喂以DEHP的雌、雄果蝇体内SOD活性明显降低(P＜0．05)，MDA含量明显升高(P＜0．05)；同时喂饲DEHP和VitC、VitE可使SOD活性升高，MDA含量降低。结论：DEHP可引发果蝇体内脂质过氧化作用，而VitC和VitE对这种影响有拮抗作用。     

西红柿炒鸡蛋是最科学吃法

西红柿的营养价值很高，含有大量的维生素c。虽然加热过程会导致两红柿中维生素C的含量减少，但西红柿的番茄素和其他抗氧化剂含量却会显著上升。番茄素作为一种抗氧化剂，可降低人患癌症和心脏病的风险，这种抗氧化剂对人类健康贡献非常大。因此，营养专家提醒，西红柿生吃没有抗癌防癌作用。     

丙烯酰胺对小鼠小脑SOD基因表达的影响

目的：研究丙烯酰胺对小鼠小脑超氧化物歧化酶基因表达的影响。方法：通过腹部皮肤涂布丙烯酰胺建立小鼠神经毒模型，采用逆转录PCR方法研究超氧化物歧化酶在小脑的表达情况。结果：丙烯酰胺组、VitC治疗组对Mn-SOD基因表达影响不明显，丙烯酰胺组、VitC组处理第4天、第7天Cu，Zn-SOD表达增高，第10天丙烯酰胺组、VitC组Cu，Zn-SOD基因低表达，且丙烯酰胺组较VitC组更低。结论：丙烯酰胺的神经毒作用可能与其抑制Cu，Zn-SOD表达有关。     

加热浓缩对5种中药煎液有效成分的影响

目的：观察不同加热浓缩方式、时间对中药煎液有效成分的影响。方法：用薄层扫描法测定了5种中药煎液（白芍、枳实、葛根、栀子、延胡索）加热浓缩时有效成分的含量。对直火加热和模仿硬气和热及加热煮沸2,4,8,16h浓缩液中各有效成分含量进行了比较。结果：加热时间是有效成分变化的主要因素,其含量4随时间延长而呈下降趋势,且影响的程度因有效成分的结构不同而各异,但两种加热方式的影响程度差异无显性。结论：在制定中药制剂工艺时,应选择合理的煎液加热浓缩时间,减少有效成分的损失。     

维生素C—β—CD包合物对湿热和光的稳定性的研究

目的：研究VitC-β-CD包合物稳定性。方法：以包合物中VitC含量为指标,分别对包合物和混合物进行高温、高湿、光照实验。结果：包合物中VtiC含量在高温、高湿、光照条件下没有明显变化,而混合物中VtiC的含量有明显下降。结论：包合物的稳定性高于混合物。     

高压液相色谱法测定宁夏11种食用植物油中的维生素E

目的：了解宁夏常见植物油维生素Ｅ含量水平,及其加热损失。方法：应用高压液相色谱法分析生育酚的四种同系物及其总是结果：对１１种植物油维生纱Ｅ的分析表明,植物油含量在８．６４￣２３７．０４ｍｇ／１００ｍｇ;烹调加热前后损失率１０．２８％。结论：该研究为本地区居民估计维生素Ｅ的摄入量提供了基本数据。     

烹调炊具及盐对蔬菜中Vitamin C含量的影响

目的 了解家庭烹饪条件下铁锅、铝锅、不锈锈钢锅、不粘锅及无碘盐对蔬菜中Vitamin C（Vc）含量的影响。方法 用四种锅烹调经整理、洗切、称重后的蔬菜样品，严格控制加盐和其他烹饪条件，用2，4－二硝基苯肼法测定样品中Vc含量。结果 大部分蔬菜经烹调后Vc含量减少；不粘保存率较高，铁锅、铝锅、不锈钢锅的保存率高低与蔬菜品种有关；先加盐较后加盐对蔬菜中Vc的损失大。结论 这些研究结果对市民合理选择炊具及改进烹调方法具有参考意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.