抗人黑素瘤双特异性抗体增强LAK细胞毒效应的实验研究

抗肿瘤单克隆抗体的高度特异性与杀伤细胞对肿瘤的细胞毒效应相互结合起来，是增强ＬＡＫ细胞抗肿瘤作用的重要途径。本研究用化学连接法制备了既可识别淋巴细胞表面ＣＤ３抗原又可识别ＬｉＢｒ黑素瘤细胞表面肿瘤相关抗原的双特异性抗体ＣＤ３－ＨＢ８７５９。ＦＡＣＳ分析证实，ＣＤ３－ＨＢ８７５９具有结合两种抗原的活性，４ｈ＾５１Ｃｒ释放细胞毒实验结果表明，ＣＤ３－ＨＢ８７５９在诱导相可显著增强ＬＡＫ对ＬｉＢｒ细胞的     

双特异性抗体对LAK细胞增殖和细胞毒作用影响的体外研究

将抗ＣＤ３与抗ＨＢｓ的单克隆抗体经化学偶联得到双特异性抗体，观察该双特异性抗体对ＬＡＫ细胞增殖和增强细胞毒性的作用。结果显示双特异性抗体显著提高ＬＡＫ细胞与２．２．１５细胞结合率；促进淋巴细胞增殖。１２５Ｉ－ＵｄＲ释放试验检测发现双特异性抗体增强ＬＡＫ细胞对２．２．１５细胞的细胞毒性且与抗体浓度呈正相关。进一步对抗体的特异性研究表明，加入双特异性抗体后ＬＡＫ细胞对２．２．１５细胞毒性作用显著高于对照组。     

双特异性抗体对LAK细胞增殖和细胞毒作用影响的体…

将抗ＣＤ１３与抗ＨＢｓ的单克隆抗体经化学偶联得到的双特异性抗体，观察该双特异性抗体对ＬＡＫ细胞增殖和增强细胞毒性的作用。结果显示双特异性抗体显著提高ＬＡＫ细胞与２．２．１５细胞结合率；促进淋巴细胞增殖．＾１２５Ｉ－ＵｄＲ释放试验检测发现双特异性抗体增强ＬＡＫ细胞对２．２．１５细胞的细胞毒性且与抗体浓度呈正相关 。     

抗CD3—抗B细胞白血病独特型双特异性抗体的制备及细胞毒性

采用化学偶联法制备抗ＣＤ３抗Ｂ细胞性白血病独特型双特异性抗体，研究了该双特异性抗体诱导ＬＡＫ细胞的增殖及其细胞毒作用。结果提示，双特异性抗体可显著提高ＬＡＫ细胞与Ｄａｕｄｉ细胞的结合率；促进淋巴细胞的增殖。乳酸脱氢酶试验检测发现，加入双特异性抗体后，ＬＡＫ细胞对Ｄａｕｄｉ细胞的细胞毒性作用显著高于对照组。     

CD3／抗CD20双特异双链抗体生物学活性研究

目的 研究抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体的生物学活性。方法 采用亲和层析法纯化本室构建的抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体可溶性表达产物,并用SDS-PAGE,Western blot和分子排阻层析鉴定纯化产物;采用FACS法和玫瑰花环试验测定纯化产物与靶细胞的结合活性;采用^3H-TdR掺入实验和^51Cr释放试验测定该双特异双链抗体的生物学性质。结果 纯化的抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体具有与Jurkat(CD3^ )和Daudi细胞（CD20^ )的结合活性,且能同时与Jurkat和Daudi细胞结合形成玫瑰花环,并能竞争性封闭亲代鼠源性抗体HIT3a和HI47与Jurkat和Daudi细胞的结合位点;该双特异双链抗体具有促进丝分裂原作用和介导激活的T细胞杀伤Daudi细胞的自学成才性。结论 抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体具有与亲代鼠源性抗体HIT3a和H147相同的性质。且能介导激活的T细胞杀伤表达CD20抗原的肿瘤细胞,是一个有望用于B细胞恶性肿瘤临床治疗的双特异性抗体。     

抗CD3—抗胶质瘤双特异性抗体的制备及其细胞毒活性作…

采用化学联法制备抗ＣＤ３－抗胶质瘤双特异性的抗体，其分子结构为杂合的Ｆ（ａｂ‘）２片段、结合率试验证明，此双抗能同时识别并结合ＬＡＫ细胞和胶质瘤细胞，在细胞毒性试验中，虽然双抗，ＣＤ３单抗和ＳＺ－３９单抗混和物均能提高ＬＡＫ细胞对胶质瘤细胞的杀伤作用，但双抗的作用特别显著，增强效应为１４８％，而在以非胶质瘤细胞为靶细胞时，双抗虽有增强作用，但低于ＣＤ３单抗的作用。     

抗NKG2D多克隆抗体抑制NK和LAK细胞细胞毒效应的研究

目的 :分析抗NKG2D多克隆抗体 ( pAb)对NK和LAK细胞毒作用的影响。方法 :应用密度梯度离心法分离外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC) ,经 10mg/LPHA和 1× 10 6U/LrhIL 2诱导LAK细胞产生 ,再应用流式细胞术 (FCM)分选NK细胞并进行表型检测。加入抗NKG2DpAb封闭NK和LAK细胞表面的NKG2D分子后 ,用MTT比色法检测其细胞毒效应。结果 :经FCM分析证实 ,获得高纯度、高活性的NK细胞。抗NKG2DpAb能显著抑制NK和LAK细胞对K5 6 2、HepG2细胞的细胞毒效应。NK细胞对两种靶细胞的细胞毒效应分别下降了 82 .9%和 75 .6 % ;LAK细胞对两种靶细胞的细胞毒效应分别下降了 5 2 .8%和 5 0 .2 %。但抗NKG2DpAb不能显著抑制两种效应细胞对人鼻咽癌细胞系CNE的细胞毒效应。结论 :抗NKG2DpAb可通过封闭NK和LAK细胞表面的NKG2D分子 ,抑制其对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒效应     

抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体的生物学活性研究

目的研究抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体的生物学活性.方法采用亲和层析法纯化本室构建的抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体可溶性表达产物,并用SDS-PAGE,Westernblot和分子排阻层析鉴定纯化产物;采用FACS法和玫瑰花环试验测定纯化产物与靶细胞的结合活性;采用3H-TdR掺入实验和51Cr释放试验测定该双特异双链抗体的生物学性质.结果纯化的抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体具有与Jurkat(CD3+)和Daudi细胞(CD20+)的结合活性,且能同时与Jurkat和Daudi细胞结合形成玫瑰花环,并能竞争性封闭亲代鼠源性抗体HIT3a和HI47与Jurkat和Daudi细胞的结合位点;该双特异双链抗体具有促有丝分裂原作用和介导激活的T细胞杀伤Daudi细胞的活性.结论抗CD3/抗CD20双特异双链抗体具有与亲代鼠源性抗体HIT3a和HI47相同的性质,且能介导激活的T细胞杀伤表达CD20抗原的肿瘤细胞,是一个有望用于B细胞恶性肿瘤临床治疗的双特异性抗体.     

抗Pgp/抗CD3双特异双链抗体的生物学活性研究

目的　研究抗Pgp 抗CD3双特异双链抗体介导的特异性靶向杀伤活性。方法　采用亲和层析法分离纯化本室构建的抗Pgp 抗CD3双特异双链抗体可溶性表达产物 ,并用SDS PAGE、Westernblot及抗活细胞间接免疫荧光法鉴定纯化产物 ;采用51 Cr释放试验测定其介导的体外靶向杀伤活性。结果　纯化的抗Pgp 抗CD3双特异双链抗体具有与Jurkat细胞 (CD3 )和K5 6 2 A0 2 (Pgp )细胞结合的活性 ;抗Pgp 抗CD3双特异双链抗体具有介导激活的T淋巴细胞杀伤Pgp表达阳性的耐药肿瘤细胞的作用 ,杀伤作用的强弱显示出效靶比和剂量依赖关系 ,且可被CD3ScFv或PgpScFv特异性的阻断。结论　抗Pgp 抗CD3微型双功能抗体有望成为治疗耐药肿瘤 ,特别是肿瘤残留灶和微小转移灶的治疗的一种新策略。     

Abrogation of allergic reactions by a bispecific antibody fragment linking IgE to CD300a

BACKGROUND: Initiated and regulated by mast cells, allergic responses are balanced through an intricate network of positive and negative signals. We have recently shown that the inhibitory receptor CD300a is expressed on human mast cells and modulates a large array of their functions. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate CD300a as a negative regulator of allergic inflammation in vivo by means of a bispecific antibody linking CD300a with IgE. METHODS: Bispecific antibody fragments were generated by chemical conjugation of Fab' fragments of anti-human IgE and CD300a (IE1H) and anti-mouse IgE and CD300a (IE1M). IgE-sensitized human mast cells were activated simultaneously with anti-IgE and IE1H. Phosphorylation of signaling proteins and calcium influx were evaluated by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Degranulation was assessed on the basis of tryptase and IL-4 release. IE1M was administered simultaneously with allergen challenge in 2 murine models of allergic disease. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was assessed by means of dye exudation. Experimental airway inflammation was assessed on the basis of tryptase and cytokine content, eosinophilic infiltration, and lung histology (hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff stain). RESULTS: IE1H potently inhibited IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting the signaling events induced by FcvarepsilonRI. IE1M completely abolished dye exudation in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. IE1M abrogated allergic airway inflammation. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that specific targeting of CD300a on mast cells is a potent strategy for inhibiting allergic reactions. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This work demonstrates a potent approach for the therapy of allergic diseases.     

Reduced LAK cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with bladder cancer: Decreased LAK cytotoxicity caused by a low incidence of CD56+ and CD57+ mononuclear blood cells

The cytotoxicity of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (US-PBMC), phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PBMC (PS-PBMC) and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated PBMC (LAK cells) was assessed in patients with noninvasive and invasive transitional-cell bladder cancer and compared with those determined in healthy controls. The differences in the cytotoxicities were correlated with specific changes in the subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC from 37 patients and 13 healthy controls were tested against the bladder cancer cell line T24 in⁵¹Cr-release assays. The PBMC subsets were analyzed using monoclonal antibodies against T cells, natural killer (NK) -cells, monocytes, and activation markers. The cytotoxicities of US-PBMC, PS-PBMC, and LAK cells were all significantly lower in the cancer patients than in the controls (P<0.05). The percentages of PBMC positive for the NK-cell markers CD56 and CD57 were lowest in the patients and were correlated to the decrease in cytotoxicity. Depletion of CD56⁺ or CD57⁺ cells from PBMC prior to or after 2 days stimulation with IL-2 demonstrated that these cells are the major source of LAK-cell cytotoxicity and showed that the reduced ability of bladder cancer patient PBMC to develop LAK-cell cytotoxicity is a result of a low incidence of CD56⁺ and CD57⁺ cells in the blood. These findings indicate that IL-2 therapy alone might not be a sufficient therapy of bladder cancer patients.     

LAK、CD3AK和PHA-LAK细胞体外增殖和杀瘤活性比较

本文对LAK、CD3AK、PHA-LAK细胞的体外增殖能力、杀伤谱进行了同步比较.结果表明,三种效应细胞对悬浮和贴壁的肿瘤细胞系及新鲜分离的脑胶质瘤细胞均有较高的杀伤活性.由于LAK细胞增殖慢、IL-2用量大,PHA-LAK细胞体外存活时间短,而CD3AK细胞扩增倍数最高、细胞存活时间长、培养体系总的杀伤单位明显高于LAK和PHA-LAK细胞,且IL-2用量少.因此,我们认为CD3AK细胞是优于LAK和PHA-LAK细胞的较为安全、有效、经济的用于过继免疫治疗的抗癌效应细胞.     

Killing of human leukaemia/lymphoma B cells by activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the presence of a bispecific monoclonal antibody (alpha CD3/alpha CD19).

Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) can be used to retarget T cells irrespective of their specificity to certain target cells inducing target cell lysis. We have tested the efficacy of the BsAb SHR-1, directed against the T cell antigen CD3 and the B cell antigen CD19 to induce (malignant) B cell kill by T cells as measured in a 51Cr-release assay. Two cytotoxic T cell clones (CTL), expressing TCR alpha beta or TCR gamma delta, were effective in killing CD19 expressing B cell lines at different stages of differentiation in the presence, but not in the absence, of the BsAb. CD19- target cells were not killed. Fresh CD19+ leukaemia/lymphoma cells were also efficiently killed by SHR-1 preincubated CTL clones. In addition, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or CD3-activated IL-2 expanded peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of normal donors did so after 2 weeks of stimulation. A concentration of 100 ng/ml of the BsAb was sufficient to obtain optimal lysis of all target cells tested. These results show that fresh human leukaemia/lymphoma cells, freshly derived from active lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) as well as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients, can be effectively killed in the presence of this BsAb by activated T cells.     

肿瘤患者自体CD3AK与LAK细胞生物学特性研究

目的：ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞是由抗ＣＤ３单克隆抗体和ＩＬ－２共同激活诱导的肿瘤杀伤细胞。对３０例肿瘤患者自体ＤＣ３ＡＫ细胞及ＬＡＫ细胞进行了比较性研究。方法：采用ＭＴＴ法检测ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞及ＬＡＫ细胞的杀瘤活性,应用流工细胞术进行免疫标志物分析。结果与结论：肿瘤患者ＰＢＭＮＣ诱导后产生的ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞较ＬＡＫ细胞有更强的增殖能力,但对Ｒａｊｉ、Ｋ５６２细胞的生长抑制作用无明显区别;４０％～６０％ＣＤ３ＡＫ     

CD98 regulates the phosphorylation of HER2 and a bispecific anti-HER2/CD98 antibody inhibits the growth signal of human breast cancer cells

Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family proteins are currently major targets of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against various epithelial cancers. However, the resistance of cancer cells to HER family-targeted therapies, which may be caused by cancer heterogeneity and persistent HER phosphorylation, often reduces overall therapeutic effects. We herein showed that a newly discovered molecular complex between CD98 and HER2 affected HER function and cancer cell growth. The immunoprecipitation of the HER2 or HER3 protein from lysates of SKBR3 breast cancer (BrCa) cells revealed the HER2-CD98 or HER3-CD98 complex. The knockdown of CD98 by small interfering RNAs inhibited the phosphorylation of HER2 in SKBR3 cells. A bispecific antibody (BsAb) that recognized the HER2 and CD98 proteins was constructed from a humanized anti-HER2 (SER4) IgG and an anti-CD98 (HBJ127) single chain variable fragment, and this BsAb significantly inhibited the cell growth of SKBR3 cells. Prior to the inhibition of AKT phosphorylation, BsAb inhibited the phosphorylation of HER2, however, significant inhibition of HER2 phosphorylation was not observed in anti-HER2 pertuzumab, trastuzumab, SER4 or anti-CD98 HBJ127 in SKBR3 cells. The dual targeting of HER2 and CD98 has potential as a new therapeutic strategy for BrCa.     

脐带血来源的树突细胞增强LAK细胞的增殖和杀伤活性

目的探讨脐带血来源的树突细胞(CBDC)在体外对LAK(lymphokine activated killer)细胞增殖活性和杀伤活性的影响。方法采用GM-CSF和IL-4联合刺激诱导脐带血单个核细胞分化为CBDC,再将CBDC与同源LAK细胞混合培养,用MTT法测定不同细胞密度的CBDC刺激LAK细胞增殖和杀伤的能力。结果体外诱导出形态典型的CBDC,其具有明显刺激LAK细胞增殖的能力。LAK细胞的增殖和杀伤活性在2种细胞混合比为1∶10时最强。结论CBDC能增强LAK的增殖活性和杀伤活性。     

Human skin-resident CD8+ T cells require RUNX2 and RUNX3 for induction of cytotoxicity and expression of the integrin CD49a

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