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1.
Hitoshi Takemae Chaerul Basri Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari Ronald Tarigan Hiroshi Shimoda Tsutomu Omatsu Supratikno Didik Pramono Danang Dwi Cahyadi Ryosuke Kobayashi Keisuke Iida Tetsuya Mizutani Ken Maeda Srihadi Agungpriyono Eiichi Hondo 《Virus genes》2018,54(6):823-827
Flying foxes belonging to the genus Pteropus are known to be reservoirs of zoonotic viruses. In this study, we describe the isolation of Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) from rectal swab samples of Pteropus vampyrus in Indonesia. PRV is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. Rectal swabs (n?=?91) were screened by PCR for PRV and 10 (11%) were positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences indicated that the S2, S3, S4, M3, L2, and L3 segments of one isolate (Garut-69) were closely related to previously isolated strains in Indonesia. The remaining gene segments showed both similarity and genetic divergence with other PRV strains, suggesting that re-assortment events had occurred. This is the first report of PRV infection to P. vampyrus in West Java, Indonesia. 相似文献
2.
Genomic in-situ hybridization (GISH) was applied to study the behaviour of addition chromosomes in first and second backcross (BC) progenies
of hybrids between Brassica napus ssp. napus L. (AACC, 2n = 38) and Sinapis alba L. (SS, 2n = 24) produced by electrofusion. With GISH using genomic DNA of S. alba was used as probe it was possible to clearly distinguish both of the parental genomes and effectively monitor the fate of
S. alba chromosomes in the BC1 and BC2 progenies. GISH analysis confirmed the sesquidiploid genome composition (AACCS) of the BC1 progenies, which contained 38 chromosomes from B. napus and 12 chromosomes from S. alba. Genome painting in the pollen mother cells (PMCs) of the BC1 plants revealed intergenomic association between B. napus and S. alba chromosomes, whereby a maximum of 4 trivalents between AC and S chromosomes were identified at metaphase I. In the BC2 progenies, aneuploids with different numbers of additional chromosomes from S. alba, ranging from 1 to 7, were confirmed. Three putative monosomic alien addition lines were characterized, and the results are
discussed with respect to the potential for intergenomic chromosome recombination. 相似文献
3.
Galba truncatula snails were experimentally infected with either of two different isolates of Fasciola gigantica, originating from Egypt or China, to determine the influence of these isolates on the characteristics of snail infections. The survival rates of G. truncatula on day 30 post-exposure were 90.0% and 60.2% in the Egyptian and Chinese groups, respectively. The frequency of cercaria-shedding snails within the Egyptian group was 79.8%, whereas in the Chinese group it was 22.4%. The parasite origin had a significant effect on the durations of the prepatent and patent periods. The mean number of cercariae shed from the Egyptian group was significantly greater than that shed from the Chinese group (a mean of 275.5 per cercaria-shedding snail compared with 29.0). These results could be explained by the fact that G. truncatula might be a natural intermediate host for F. gigantica in Egypt, and the greater adaptability of the Egyptian miracidia of F. gigantica to unusual snail hosts. These results demonstrate the influence of the geographic origin of the parasite on the success of trematodes infecting snails. 相似文献
4.
Background
Familial Juvenile Hyperuricemic Nephropathy is an autosomal dominant nephropathy, characterized by decreased urate excretion and progressive interstitial nephritis. Mutations in the uromodulin coding UMOD gene have been found responsible for the disease in some families. 相似文献5.
Emily Staples Beatriz Morillo-Gutierrez Jessica Davies Daniel Petersheim Michel Massaad Mary Slatter Dimitra Dimou Rainer Doffinger Scott Hackett Dinkantha Kumararatne James Hadfield Matthew D. Eldridge Raif S. Geha Mario Abinun James E. D. Thaventhiran 《Journal of clinical immunology》2017,37(5):415-418
6.
Karina?M.?Rebello Luzia?M.?C.?C?rtes Bernardo?A.?S.?Pereira Bernardo?M.?O.?Pascarelli Suzana?C?rte-Real Léa?C.?Finkelstein Rosa?T.?Pinho Claudia?M.?d’Avila-Levy Carlos?R.?Alves 《Parasitology research》2009,106(1):95-104
Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the major causative agent of American tegumentary leishmaniasis, a disease that has a wide geographical distribution and
is a severe public health problem. The cysteine proteinase B (CPB) from Leishmania spp. represents an important virulence factor. In this study, we characterized and localized cysteine proteinases in L. (V.) braziliensis promastigotes. By a combination of triton X-114 extraction, concanavalin A-affinity, and ion exchange chromatographies, we
obtained an enriched fraction of hydrophobic proteins rich in mannose residues. This fraction contained two proteinases of
63 and 43 kDa, which were recognized by a CPB antiserum, and were partially sensitive to E-64 in enzymatic assays with the
peptide Glu-Phe-Leu. In confocal microscopy, the CPB homologues localized in the peripheral region of the parasite. This data
together with direct agglutination and flow cytometry assays suggest a surface localization of the CPB homologues. The incubation
of intact promastigotes with phospholipase C reduced the number of CPB-positive cells, while anti-cross-reacting determinant
and anti-CPB antisera recognized two polypeptides (63 and 43 kDa) derived from phospholipase C treatment, suggesting that
some CPB isoforms may be glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored. Collectively, our results suggest the presence of CPB homologues
in L. braziliensis surface and highlight the need for further studies on L. braziliensis cysteine proteinases, which require enrichment methods for enzymatic detection. 相似文献
7.
Malo-ethanolic fermentation in<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Saccharomyces</Emphasis> and<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Schizosaccharomyces</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yeast species are divided into the K(+) or K(–) groups, based on their ability or inability to metabolise tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates as sole carbon or energy source. The K(–) group of yeasts includes strains of Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Zygosaccharomyces bailii, which is capable of utilising TCA cycle intermediates only in the presence of glucose or other assimilable carbon sources. Although grouped together, these yeasts have significant differences in their abilities to degrade malic acid. Typically, strains of Saccharomyces are regarded as inefficient metabolisers of extracellular malic acid, whereas strains of Sch. pombe and Z. bailii can effectively degrade high concentrations of malic acid. The ability of a yeast strain to degrade extracellular malic acid is dependent on both the efficient transport of the dicarboxylic acid and the efficacy of the intracellular malic enzyme. The malic enzyme converts malic acid into pyruvic acid, which is further metabolised to ethanol and carbon dioxide under fermentative conditions via the so-called malo-ethanolic (ME) pathway. This review focuses on the enzymes involved in the ME pathway in Sch. pombe and Saccharomyces species, with specific emphasis on the malate transporter and the intracellular malic enzyme.Communicated by S. Hohmann 相似文献
8.
Endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria from different filarial species, including major pathogens of humans such as Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus, seem to play an important role in the development, viability and fertility of these worms. Wolbachia trigger inflammatory host responses as well as adverse reactions against standard treatment regimens and are therefore under investigation as novel treatment targets. We investigated whether Wolbachia are also endosymbiotic in Loa loa and Mansonella perstans. In both male and female adult L. loa, we found no evidence of bacteria by light or transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, Wolbachia-specific PCR was negative in both L. loa and M. perstans microfilariae. The absence of Wolbachia in both filarial species therefore discourages the use of antibiotics as an adjunct or alternative approach to current treatment concepts for both loiasis and mansonelliasis perstans. 相似文献
9.
Pepo aphid-borne yellows virus (PABYV) has been proposed as a putative representative of a new species in the genus Polerovirus in the family Luteoviridae. The genomes of two South African (SA) isolates of cucurbit-infecting PABYV were described in this record. Total RNA, extracted from a pattypan (Cucurbita pepo L.) and a baby marrow (C. pepo L.) leaf samples, was subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) on the HiSeq Illumina platform. Sanger sequencing was subsequently used to authenticate the integrity of PABYV’s genome generated from de novo assembly of the NGS data. PABYV genome of SA isolates consists of 5813 nucleotides and displays an organisation typical of poleroviruses. Genome sequence comparisons of the SA PABYV isolates to other poleroviruses support the classification of PABYV as a new species in the genus Polerovirus. Recombination analyses showed that PABYV and Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) shared the same ancestor for the genome part situated between breaking points. Phylogenetic analyses of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the coat protein genes showed that SA PABYV isolates shared distant relationship with CABYV and Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus. Based on our results, we propose that PABYV is a distinct species in the genus Polerovirus. 相似文献
10.
Summary. It has been suggested that Citrus viroid IV (CVd-IV) be classified as a species within the genus Cocadviroid. This relationship was based on the presence of a terminal conserved hairpin (TCH) and absence of a terminal conserved region (TCR) as specific structural motifs in common with isolates of Coconut cadang-cadang viroid (CCCVd) as well as phylogenetic relationships with members of the genus Cocadviroid. Evidence is presented for a vestigial TCR in CVd-IV as well as the introduction of the terminal repeat region (TRR) motif and an alternative sequence analysis that suggests a closer phylogenetic relationship of CVd-IV to isolates of Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), a species within the genus Pospiviroid than to CCCVd. This position is further supported by the striking similarity of biological properties between CVd-IV and CEVd with the suggestion offered that biological evidence be considered for specific adjustments to any overall classification scheme for viroids. 相似文献
11.
12.
Bardia A Tiwari SK Gunisetty S Anjum F Nallari P Habeeb MA Khan AA 《Inflammation research》2012,61(4):359-365
Objective
The present study was designed to investigate the role of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) polymorphisms in apoptosis and the risk of ulcerative colitis (UC). 相似文献13.
The present study was conducted to investigate the increasing incidence of Achromobacter (previously Alcaligenes) xylosoxidans isolates being recovered from sputum samples of cystic fibrosis patients at a cystic fibrosis department for adults in Athens, Greece. During the 1-year study period, a total of 34 isolates were detected persistently in 9 of 71 cystic fibrosis patients. The isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. Isolates that were recovered repeatedly from each patient exhibited identical macrorestriction profiles with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, indicating that the same strain persisted in the lungs of these patients. Isolates from five of the patients were genetically related, suggesting a common-source outbreak of Achromobacter xylosoxidans colonization or infection. 相似文献
14.
Silva-Lopez RE Morgado-Díaz JA Alves CR Côrte-Real S Giovanni-De-Simone S 《Parasitology research》2004,93(4):328-331
Extracellular proteolytic activity was detected in a Leishmania (L.) amazonensis culture supernatant and a 56-kDa protein was purified using (NH4)2SO4 precipitation followed by affinity chromatography on aprotinin–agarose. A rabbit serum obtained against the 56-kDa extracellular serine protease was used in order to analyze its location in L. (L.) amazonensis parasites. Immunocytochemistry studies revealed that the enzyme is mainly found in the flagellar pocket and cytoplasmic vesicles of promastigote forms, whereas in amastigotes, it is located in electron-dense structures resembling megasomes. These results indicate that the 56-kDa serine protease is released into the extracellular environment through the flagellar pocket; and its intracellular location suggests either a correlated enzymatic activity or intracellular trafficking. 相似文献
15.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised hosts. In cystic fibrosis (CF), P. aeruginosa causes acute and chronic lung infections that result in significant morbidity and mortality. P. aeruginosa possesses several traits that contribute to its ability to colonize and persist in acute and chronic infections. These include
high resistance to antimicrobials, ability to form biofilms, plethora of virulence products, and metabolic versatility. In
P. aeruginosa, a cell-to-cell communication process termed quorum sensing (QS) regulates many of these factors that contribute to its pathogenesis.
Recent evidence suggests that the CF lung environment presents a specialized niche for P. aeruginosa. The relationship of P. aeruginosa QS, biofilm formation, and the CF lung environment is discussed. 相似文献
16.
María del Rosario Robles James E. Loudon John M. Kinsella Mandala Hunter-Ishikawa David S. Miller Michelle L. Sauther Frank P. Cuozzo 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2010,55(3):270-275
Lemuricola (Madoxyuris) bauchoti Chabaud, Brygoo et Petter, 1965 is redescribed from material collected from the ring-tailed lemur, Lemur catta, from the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve in Madagascar using the scanning electron microscope. This is a new host record and
the first oxyurid reported from the ring-tailed lemur. Previously, records of each species of the subgenus Madoxyuris have been restricted to a single host species, but the close relationship between these nematodes and their Strepsirrhini
hosts will only be proven when additional records fill in the gaps in their distribution. 相似文献
17.
In the fungus Fusarium sporotrichioides, biosynthesis of trichothecene mycotoxins requires at least three genetic loci: a core 12-gene cluster, a smaller two-gene cluster, and a single-gene locus. Here, we describe the Tri15 gene, which represents a fourth locus involved in trichothecene biosynthesis. Tri15 is predicted to encode a Cys2-His2 zinc finger protein and is expressed in a manner similar to genes in the core trichothecene gene cluster. However, disruption of F. sporotrichioides Tri15 does not affect production of T-2 toxin, the major trichothecene produced by this fungus. This result suggests that Tri15 is not necessary for the production of toxin. Cultures with exogenously added T-2 toxin have high levels of Tri15 expression and no detectable expression of the trichothecene biosynthetic genes Tri5 and Tri6. The expression analysis is consistent with Tri15 being a negative regulator of at least some of the trichothecene biosynthetic genes. In F. graminearum, Tri15 has been mapped to linkage group 2 and is therefore unlinked to the main trichothecene biosynthetic gene cluster.Communicated by U. Kück 相似文献
18.
Moritz E Seidensticker S Gottwald A Maier W Hoerauf A Njuguna JT Kaiser A 《Parasitology research》2004,94(1):37-48
In the present study, we have tested the effect of different polyamine inhibitors of the spermidine metabolizing enzymes deoxyhypusine synthase and homospermidine synthase in different chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains, in the mosquito Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) and in a Trypanosoma evansi clone I from strain STIB 806 K China. Recent experiments have shown that agmatine is a growth inhibitor of the malaria parasite P. falciparum (Kaiser et al. 2001) in vitro. A comparison of agmatine efficacy with the new antimalarials artemisinin, triclosan and conventional chloroquine showed similar or even better results on the basis of growth inhibition and the reduction of developmental forms. However, no effect of triclosan or agmatine was observed at the ribonucleic acid level. In a second set of experiments, we tested the effect of 1,7-diaminoheptane and agmatine on oocyst formation in A. stephensi after infection with Plasmodium yoelii. Agmatine had an antisporozoite effect since 1,000 M led to a 59.5% inhibition of oocysts. A much weaker inhibitor of oocyst formation was 1,7-diaminoheptane. The most effective in in vitro inhibition of T. evansi was dicyclohexylamine, an inhibitor of spermidine biosynthesis with an IC50 value of 47.44 M and the deoxyhypusine inhibitor 1,7-diaminoheptane with an IC50 value of 47.80 M. However, both drugs were ineffective in in vivo experiments in a Trypanosoma mouse model. Two different spermidine analogues, 1,8-diaminooctane and 1,3-diaminopropane with IC50 values of 171 M and 181.37 M, respectively, were moderate inhibitors in vitro and ineffective in vivo. 相似文献
19.
Lobo Gatti L Agostinho Jn F De Lábio R Balbo Piason F Carlos Da Silva L Fagundez De Queiroz V Peres CA Barbieri D De Arruda Cardoso Smith M Marques Payão SL 《Clinical and experimental medicine》2003,3(3):166-172
Helicobacter pylori has been shown to be strongly associated with chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulceration, and is a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. Histology, urease, culture, and polymerase chain reaction have been employed as for H. pylori diagnostic methods, pre and post treatment or during follow-up of dyspeptic adult individuals referred for endoscopy. In order to obtain a more-sensitive and specific method for H. pylori detection, we evaluated gastric body and antrum biopsies of 134 consecutive Brazilian consecutive dyspeptic children aged 1-16 years by rapid urease test, histology and polymerase chain reaction using two pairs of oligonucleotides. Our results indicated that polymerase chain reaction with Southern blotting and hybridization with specific chemiluminescent probes increased the number of positive H. pylori patients by 35%. The genotyping of H. pylori strains directly from gastric biopsy using the same nucleic acid methodology revealed that there is no association of chronic gastritis in our infant patients with vacA s1 and the presence of the cagA gene. These data suggest an initial infection of children with normal mucosa and probably others factors than vacA s1 genotype or the presence of the cagA gene are associated with the onset of gastric disease. Altogether, our results reinforce the need for using more sensitive diagnostic methods in order to understand the role of H. pylori in the genesis of gastric disease in children and its progression in adults. 相似文献
20.
Fidelis Cho-Ngwa Melanie Abongwa Moses N Ngemenya Kennedy D Nyongbela 《BMC complementary and alternative medicine》2010,10(1):62