腹腔镜下高选择性迷走神经切断术(Hill术式)治疗急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔

目的探讨腹腔镜下高选择性胃迷走神经切断术(Hill术式)治疗急性穿孔性十二指肠溃疡及其效果。方法腹腔镜下行溃疡穿孔修补,游离胃迷走神经并行迷走神经后干切断和前干高选择性切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者19例。结果 19例患者均获得手术成功,无中转开腹手术者。术后17例溃疡症状消失,6个月后复查胃镜示溃疡已经愈合;2例患者术后溃疡症状明显减轻,药物治疗可控制。结论腹腔镜下高选择性胃迷走神经切断术治疗穿孔性十二指肠溃疡,具有创伤小、恢复快、效果好等优点,是治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔的一种好方法。     

腹腔镜下高选择性迷走神经切断术治疗穿孔性十二指肠溃疡

目的　探讨腹腔镜下高选择性胃迷走神经切断术 (LHSV )治疗穿孔性十二指肠溃疡的操作要点和有效性。方法　应用腹腔镜下修补溃疡穿孔 ,超声刀游离胃迷走神经并进行高选择性切断治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者 2 0例。结果　 2 0例患者均获得手术成功 ,无中转开腹手术者。术后 15例溃疡症状消失 ,半年复查胃镜示溃疡已经愈合 ;5例病人术后溃疡症状明显减轻 ,易为药物治疗控制。结论　LHSV治疗穿孔性十二指肠溃疡 ,具有创伤小 ,恢复快 ,效果好等优点 ,是治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔的一种良好方法     

腹腔镜下穿孔修补术联合高选择迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔

目的探讨腹腔镜下穿孔修补术联合高选择迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔的近期疗效。方法腹腔镜下修补溃疡穿孔,电刀游离迷走神经并进行高选择性切断。结果15例手术成功,无中转开腹手术,手术时间80-120 min,平均100 min;术中出血量150-300 ml,平均225 ml。15例术后随访12-36个月,平均29个月,13例术后1年复查胃镜溃疡消失,1例术后2年出现幽门梗阻保守治疗后好转出院,1例术后3年溃疡复发,经口服药物治疗易控制。结论腹腔镜下穿孔修补术联合高选择迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔具有创伤小,恢复快,效果肯定等优点。     

腹腔镜胃十二指肠溃疡修补术治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔

目的:总结腹腔镜胃十二指肠溃疡修补术治疗急性胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔的临床经验。方法:1997年6月至2007年12月35例急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者施行腹腔镜消化性溃疡穿孔修补术。结果:35例中十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔28例,胃窦部溃疡穿孔7例,穿孔直径0.5～0.8cm,手术时间80～180min,手术均获成功,术后患者疼痛轻微,均未使用止痛剂。术后康复顺利,术后住院5～10d,平均6.5d,切口均甲级愈合,痊愈出院。出院后予以内科根除幽门螺杆菌、口服H2受体拮抗剂治疗。结论:腹腔镜手术治疗急性胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔,与开腹手术同样安全有效。胃溃疡穿孔患者术中需快速病理检查,若为恶性病变应中转开腹。     

迷走神经切断治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔

迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡在临床上已得到肯定、完善和推广。尽管药物治疗十二指肠溃疡的效果很好，但当并发溃疡穿孔仍需手术治疗，而且在十二指肠溃疡手术中的比例越来越高。因而研究迷走神经切断术治疗溃疡穿孔理所当然地成为一个极有实用价值的课题。采用高选择性迷走神经切断（HSV），加溃疡穿孔修补术治疗溃疡穿孔是一个合理的选择。Ceneviva等就单纯溃疡穿孔修补与高选择迷走神经切断加溃疡穿孔修补十二指肠溃疡穿孔的疗效作了前瞻性研究：两组各38例，其死亡率均为零，随访1～7年，单纯溃疡穿孔修补组58％溃疡复发，Visick…     

逆行高选择性迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔76例

近年来,因基础医学研究的深入H_2已受体阻断药物、质于泵类药及抗HP等药物的临床应用,无严重并发症的十二指肠溃疡已趋向内科治疗。但是,十二指肠溃疡穿孔的彻底性手术,仍以穿孔关闭附加高选择性迷走神经切断术最为理想。本院1996年5月以来采用逆行高选择性迷走神经前支切断＋迷走神经后干切断＋穿孔修补术治疗十二指肠溃疡芽孔76例,经1～3年随访,取得满意效果。     

腹腔镜穿孔修补术治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔

目的总结腹腔镜胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补术治疗急性胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔的临床经验。方法 2005年1月至2010年6月112例急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者在本院施行腹腔镜消化性溃疡穿孔修补术。结果 112例中十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔84例,胃窦部溃疡穿孔28例,穿孔直径0.2～1.2cm,手术时间30～80分钟,手术均获成功,无任何手术并发症。术后患者疼痛轻微,均未使用止痛剂。术后恢复顺利,术后住院5～9天,平均6.5天,切口均甲级愈合,痊愈出院。随访3～36个月,无复发。结论腹腔镜手术治疗急性胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔,与开腹手术同样安全有效。腹腔镜溃疡穿孔修补术具有创伤小、术中出血少、恢复快、住院时间短、并发症少等优势,应作为首选。腹腔镜下手术困难时应选择开腹手术。     

腹腔镜溃疡穿孔修补术联合药物治疗胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔的体会

目的总结对胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者实施腹腔镜穿孔修补术联合术后药物治疗的体会。方法对32例胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者实施穿孔修补术联合术后规范药物治疗。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果本组32例患者均成功完成手术,无中转开腹病例。术中及术后经病理学检查结果均排除恶性溃疡穿孔。术中出血量为(59.20±13.18)mL,手术时间为(82.75±30.40)min,术后胃肠功能恢复时间为(31.26±5.22)h,住院时间为(7.30±2.10)d。术后出现2例戳孔感染,1例皮下气肿,均经对症干预后痊愈。未发生出血等其他并发症。术后随访6个月,其间均未发生肠粘连性肠梗阻。末次随访,复查胃镜,溃疡全部愈合。结论腹腔镜胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补术创伤小、并发症发生率低、恢复时间短。术后规范药物治疗并保持良好生活习惯,对巩固手术效果、促进溃疡愈合具有重要意义。     

不用缝线的腹腔镜十二指肠溃疡穿孔治疗

十二指溃疡穿孔可用腹腔镜方法治疗,使用明胶海绵栓和纤维蛋白密封剂以替代传统的缝合操作,故这是一种不用缝线的修补方法。手术操作建立气腹后,自脐下切口插入腹腔镜,分别在剑突下和右上腹放置一11mm和5mm套管。穿孔常在十二指肠第一部的前壁。如不易显露,将腹腔镜换自剑突下套管处插入,可改善视野,取镊子尖端插入穿孔以证实其位置。取一块10mm厚和20×15mm大小的明胶海绵(Spongostan,丹麦产),圈成柱状体,压缩其一端使成锥状体,用镊子夹住而插入穿孔处,使其基底突出浆膜面。通过双腔导管在明胶海绵栓周围缓慢注入2ml纤维蛋白密封剂(Tisseel,奥地利产)以固定海绵栓。预热密封剂有利于快速反应,放一片大网膜在海绵栓上,但不予固定。完成手术前用2L温盐水作腹腔灌     

腹腔镜穿孔缝合术治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔效果分析

目的分析腹腔镜穿孔缝合术治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的临床效果。方法对36例急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者实施腹腔镜穿孔缝合术治疗。患者恢复出院时,开始正规实施标准三联疗法进行抗溃疡及抗幽门螺杆菌治疗。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果 36例患者手术进程顺利,无中转开腹手术。术中出血量40~110 mL,平均50.20 mL。手术时间78~136 min,平均88.50 min。术后下床活动时间15~29 h,平均18.50 h。术后腹腔引流管无明显液体引出后均于72 h内拔除。术后住院时间4~6 d,平均5.12 d。患者术后均获随访1~2 a,术后12个月复查胃镜显示溃疡愈合良好。结论腹腔镜穿孔缝合术治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔,创伤轻,术后恢复效果可靠、安全性高。但术中需排除胃癌穿孔,术后需规范进行抗溃疡及抗幽门螺杆菌治疗。     

Endoscopic management of peptic ulcer disease.

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the authors' experience with endoscopic management of duodenal ulcer and ulcers occurring after a previous drainage procedure. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Patients with complications of duodenal ulcer and ulcers occurring after a previous drainage procedure still require surgical management. Virtually all operations for duodenal ulcer include some form of vagotomy. American surgeons in academic centers prefer highly selective vagotomy in suitable candidates. Video-directed laparoscopic and thoracoscopic operations have been done for all complications of duodenal ulcer except for acute hemorrhage. METHODS: The authors have performed laparoscopic operation on eight patients with intractable chronic duodenal ulcer, seven patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with duodenal ulcer, one patient with chronic duodenal ulcer and gastric outlet obstruction, and one patient with acute perforation. Operations performed included omentopexy, anterior seromyotomy plus post truncal vagotomy, and highly selective vagotomy. Seven patients had a simultaneous Nissen fundoplication; and the patient with obstruction underwent concomitant pyloroplasty and vagotomy. Six patients with intestinal ulcers occurring after a previous drainage procedure were treated with thoracoscopic vagotomy. Techniques used are shown. RESULTS: There has been one recurrent ulcer in the laparoscopic group after anterior seromyotomy plus posterior truncal vagotomy. The patient treated by omentopexy for duodenal perforation recovered gastrointestinal function promptly with no further difficulty, but eventually died of primary medical disease. Patients undergoing thoracoscopic vagotomy have all become asymptomatic. Postoperative hospital stay after highly selective vagotomy, anterior seromyotomy plus posterior truncal vagotomy, or thoracoscopic vagotomy was 1-5 days. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic management of duodenal ulcers is feasible. Larger numbers of patients with longer follow-up are essential. Ulcers occurring after a drainage procedure deserve thoracoscopic vagotomy.     

Selective treatment of duodenal ulcer with perforation.

Selective treatment of duodenal ulcer with perforation has been based on several premises: 1) The natural history of the ulcer following closure of a perforation is generally favorable with an acute and unfavorable with a chronic ulcer. 2) An upper gastrointestinal series with water soluble contrast media can reliably document a spontaneously sealed perforation. 3) With a spontaneous seal, nonsurgical therapy is an acceptable option and is preferable for an acute ulcer or a chronic ulcer with poor surgical risk. 4) The treatment of choice for an unsealed perforation of an acute ulcer is simple surgical closure. 5) The treatment of choice of perforation of a chronic ulcer with acceptable surgical risk is an ulcer definitive operation. Sixty cases of perforation of duodenal ulcer have been treated. Nonsurgical therapy was employed without complication in eight cases with radiologically documented spontaneous seal. Truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in 36 cases and truncal vagotomy and antrectomy in two cases were each without mortality. Four fatalities occurred among 13 cases of closure and omental patch, each a case with severe associated disease. The mortality was 6.7% among the 60 cases; 2.4% for chronic ulcer and 16% for acute ulcer.     

Surgeons'' attitudes to the operative management of duodenal ulcer perforation and haemorrhage.

The currently preferred operative management of duodenal ulcer haemorrhage and perforation was assessed by means of a questionnaire sent to 274 consultant general surgeons in England. A 70% response rate was achieved. Simple closure, with or without H2 antagonist treatment, was the most popular management of a perforated acute duodenal ulcer. For perforation of a chronic duodenal ulcer occurring during H2 antagonist therapy, truncal vagotomy and drainage was the definitive procedure of choice. There was no consensus about the operative management of perforation complicating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in the elderly patient. Proximal gastric vagotomy appears to have few advocates in the definitive management of either duodenal ulcer perforation or haemorrhage. Of our sample 70% selected truncal vagotomy and drainage with underrunning of the ulcer as the operative treatment of choice for bleeding. Endoscopic coagulation appears to be used only rarely.     

Long-term results of duodenectomy with highly selective vagotomy in the treatment of complicated duodenal ulcers.

BACKGROUND: Highly selective vagotomy and complete circular or partial duodenectomy have been applied to complicated duodenal ulcer for many years. These procedures seem to provide better clinical results than truncal vagotomy and antrectomy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 120 patients with complicated duodenal ulcer who underwent surgical treatment between 1986 and 1999. Patients with obstruction were treated with either circular complete (17) or partial duodenectomy (3) combined with highly selective vagotomy or truncal vagotomy and antrectomy (37). Those with perforation were treated primarily with highly selective vagotomy and partial duodenectomy, highly selective vagotomy alone, or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty. Every patient was followed up either by a clinic visit (75%) or questionnaire to determine the presence of ulcer pain, dumping, diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, and Visick grade. RESULTS: Long-term follow-up of patients treated with duodenectomy and highly selective vagotomy for obstruction showed that 94% had sustained weight gain whereas more than half of those treated with truncal vagotomy and antrectomy had weight loss. In patients with perforation, duodenectomy and highly selective vagotomy offered no advantage over highly selective vagotomy alone. CONCLUSIONS: Highly selective vagotomy and complete circular or partial duodenectomy provide fewer sequelae and better weight gain long term than truncal vagotomy and antrectomy for patients with obstructing duodenal ulcers.     

腹腔镜高选择性迷走神经离断术治疗上消化道溃疡穿孔的临床研究

目的:评价腹腔镜穿孔修补术联合高选择性迷走神经离断术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的疗效.方法:回顾分析2003年1月至2007年1月273例胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者的临床资料,其中胃穿孔149例,十二指肠穿孔124例.134例行腹腔镜穿孔修补加高选择性迷走神经切断术(研究组),139例行剖腹穿孔修补加高选择性迷走神经切断术(对...     

Peptic ulcer disease and thoracoscopic left truncal vagotomy.

BACKGROUND: This study illustrates our experience in treating duodenal ulcer by means of thoracoscopy and laparoscopy over a period of six years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From October 1991 to October 1998, we submitted 38 patients (31 males and 7 females), average age 51 years (range 22-78 years), with duodenal ulcer to vagotomy with minimally invasive access: 23 Hill-Barkers, 2 Taylors, 9 thoracoscopic truncal vagotomies and 4 laparoscopic truncal vagotomies. The patients submitted to thoracoscopic truncal vagotomy had previous gastric surgery (5 ulcers of the neostoma in patients who had undergone gastric resection, 3 hemorrhagic gastritis of the gastric neostoma and 1 incomplete abdominal vagotomy). RESULTS: The average time required for the thorascopic approach was 30 minutes (range 20-40 minutes) with return to normal feeding in 1 day, without any difficulty, and discharge on day 3 (range 2-5 days). The patients were followed for 3-54 months. Twenty-two patients (91.3%) out of 23 submitted to anterior superselective and posterior truncal vagotomy, and the patients submitted to thoracoscopic vagotomy, were pain free without medical therapy. One patient (4.3%) was lost to the follow-up. There was only one relapse (4.3%) after seven months where the patient underwent left thorascopic truncal vagotomy. We had no mortality and no intraoperative or postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: In our opinion, minimally invasive treatment of peptic ulcer disease may represent the "gold standard." It is simple, quick, effective and delivers the same excellent results of open surgery but with minimum trauma.     

Bulbantrectomy with truncal vagotomy in the surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer

Duodenal ulcer benefits of very efficient medical treatment. In currently medical practice exist many cases with complicated duodenal ulcer (by stenosis or penetration in neighbor organs like pancreas or biliary tract or painful forms etc.) to which surgical treatment is necessary. Based on the retrospective study of 116 patients operated between 1991-2002 years for gastric or duodenal ulcer, this paper demonstrates that bulbantrectomy associated with bilateral truncal vagotomy (63.7% of cases) is the best surgery in the treatment of duodenal complicated ulcer or resistant to the medical procedures. Provided by correct indication, the intervention is the most pathogenic, offering the best immediate and long term postoperative results. If the bulbantrectomy is contraindicated (critical general status, etc.), the alternative is a bilateral truncal vagotomy associated with a drainage procedure: pyloroplasty (6.9% of cases) or gastroenterostomy. When the vagotomy are contraindicated or cannot be correctly performed, a large gastrectomy (29.3% of cases) followed by gastroduodenal (preferable) or gastrojejunal anastomosis are practiced.     

Laparoscopic gastric surgery. Early experiences

In the Department of General Surgery the authors performed 12 elective laparoscopic gastric operations for gastric pathologies. The indications for the procedures were recurrent or therapy resistant and complicated peptic ulcer in 9 cases, benign gastric tumors in 2 cases and early gastric cancer in 1 case. Operative procedures were the next: posterior truncal vagotomy with anterior lesser curve seromyotomy (5 patients), total truncal vagotomy with gastrojejunostomy (2 patients), total truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty (1 patient), total truncal vagotomy with antrectomy and Billroth-II reconstruction (1 patient), resection of benign gastric tumor by the transgastric approach (1 patient), Billroth-II resection for benign gastric tumor (1 patient), wedge resection of gastric wall for early gastric cancer (1 patient). Intraoperative gastroscopy was used for location of the lesion in 4 of 12 cases. Apart from delayed gastric emptying (2 cases), patients recovered without any problem. The mean hospital stay was 5.7 days. Early experiences with laparoscopic gastric surgery has shown that there are certain important advantages to the approaches. They hold the promise of less pain, less immobility, quicker alimentation, shorter hospitalization, less wound and respiratory complications and an earlier return to normal activities.     

The effect of cysteamine on the duodenal defense mechanism in the vagotomized rats--with special reference to the parietal cell vagotomy with CO2-laser

The parietal cell vagotomy with CO2-Laser defocused beam has been developed and its efficacy was confirmed in cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer in rat. Rats were classified into the truncal, parietal cell and Laser vagotomy groups and control. After cysteamine was administered, the change of the Brunner's gland were examined histologically for each group. Duodenal ulcer was seen and the depletion of the Brunner's glands was observed in all control rats. Duodenal ulcer formation was prevented in all vagotomized rats regardless of the type of vagotomy and the preservation of synthetic activity of the Brunner's gland was noted. However, multiple gastric ulcer was seen in truncal vagotomy group. Laser vagotomy was done very easily and safely. It consumed much less time and prevented duodenal ulcer formation. It prevented the cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer formation in rats by preservation of the Brunner's gland activity.     

Surgical treatment of 100 patients with perforated pyloric ulcer. Immediate and follow-up results

The aim of this study was to assess the results of different surgical treatments in 100 patients admitted from 1972 to 1984 with perforated pyloric ulcer. Forty-six patients were treated with simple suture, thirty-two patients underwent high selective vagotomy with pyloroplasty, 13 patients were submitted to truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty and 9 to gastrectomy. This study has shown that high selective vagotomy and pyloroplasty for perforated pyloric ulcer can be performed as safely as simple closure. The overall clinical results according to the Visick classification were recorded as excellent or very good in 85 per cent of patients treated with high selective vagotomy with pyloroplasty versus 38 per cent with similar results in simple closure patients. We conclude that high selective vagotomy with pyloroplasty is not less effective for treatment of pyloric perforated ulcer than for duodenal ulcer; simple closure should be reserved for patients treated long time after perforation and with advanced age or in patients with serious associated pathology.