桑椹补脑膏对小鼠镇静催眠作用实验研究

目的:研究桑椹补脑膏的镇静催眠作用。方法:将昆明小鼠随机分为空白对照组、地西泮片1.25 mg·kg-1组、桑椹补脑膏组(1.3、2.6、3.9 g·kg-1),连续灌胃给药14 d,通过小鼠自主活动试验、增强阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠试验和协同戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠潜伏期和睡眠时间试验,观察桑椹补脑膏的镇静催眠作用。结果:与空白对照组比较,桑椹补脑膏能明显减少小鼠自主活动次数,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠的入睡率,缩短戊巴比妥钠小鼠的入睡潜伏期,延长其睡眠时间。结论:桑椹补脑膏对小鼠具有明显的镇静、催眠作用。     

北五味子醇提取物和水提取物的镇静催眠作用比较

目的:分析北五味子醇提取物和水提取物对小鼠的镇静催眠作用。方法:制备五味子水提取物、醇提取物,并利用高效液相色谱分别测定不同工艺提取物中五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素的含量,观察不同提取物对戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量致小鼠入睡只数和阈上剂量致小鼠睡眠时间的影响。结果:北五味子醇提取物中五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素的含量分别为151.29 mg·g~(-1)、41.61 mg·g~(-1)、142.20 mg·g~(-1);水提取物中五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素的含量分别为57.27 mg·g~(-1)、11.09 mg·g~(-1)、39.29 mg·g~(-1)。五味子水提取物、醇提取物均可以增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠只数,延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间,镇静催眠作用呈良好的量效关系。其中醇提高剂量组可明显增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡只数(P0.05),水提高剂量组和醇提中剂量组、高剂量组均可以明显延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间(P0.05)。结论:五味子醇提取物和水提取物均有镇静催眠作用,且醇提取物的效果优于水提取物。五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素含量与镇静催眠作用有正相关性,是北五味子具备镇静催眠作用的重要物质基础。     

复方五味子安睡胶囊改善小鼠睡眠的研究

目的了解复方五味子安睡胶囊对改善小鼠睡眠的效果。方法以0. 225 g/(kg·BW)、0. 450 g/(kg·BW)和1. 350 g/(kg·BW)给予小鼠连续灌胃复方五味子安睡胶囊水溶液30 d后,采用直接睡眠试验、巴比妥钠诱导睡眠潜伏期试验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量诱导催眠试验、延长戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠时间试验,观察复方五味子安睡胶囊对小鼠睡眠的影响。结果复方五味子安睡胶囊能够缩短巴比妥钠催眠小鼠的入睡潜伏期(F=2. 988,P <0. 05)、延长戊巴比妥钠催眠小鼠的睡眠时间(F=3. 737,P <0. 05)。结论复方五味子安睡胶囊具有改善小鼠睡眠的作用。     

金线莲多糖提取物镇静催眠作用的研究

目的 研究金线莲多糖提取物对小鼠的镇静催眠作用影响.方法 通过小鼠自主活动实验、直接睡眠实验、戊巴比妥钠阈上和阈下剂量睡眠实验,观察金线莲多糖提取物对小鼠的镇静催眠作用.结果 金线莲多糖提取物能够减少小鼠自主活动次数、延长戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量致小鼠睡眠时间及缩短其睡眠潜伏期、增加戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量致小鼠入睡只数及睡眠发生率,且无直接睡眠作用.结论 金线莲多糖提取物具有明显的镇静催眠作用.     

益脑胶囊的镇静催眠作用

目的:对益脑胶囊的镇静催眠药理作用进行初探。方法:采用小鼠自主活动仪观察并记录小鼠自主活动次数及小鼠站立次数;采用腹腔注射阈剂量戊巴比妥钠,观察小鼠入睡潜伏期(从注射戊巴比妥钠到入睡的时间),睡眠时间(从入睡到翻正反射消失的时间);采用腹腔注射阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠,观察各组小鼠入睡动物数,并计算入睡率。结果:大剂量益脑胶囊可显著减少正常小鼠10min内自主活动次数,中剂量益脑胶囊可明显减少活动次数;中、小剂量益脑胶囊组和抗脑衰胶囊组可显著减少小鼠10min内站立次数。大、中剂量益脑胶囊对阈剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠潜伏期有明显协同作用;大剂量益脑胶囊对小鼠睡眠时间与阈剂量戊巴比妥钠有显著协同作用,中、小剂量益脑胶囊对睡眠时间有明显协同作用。大剂量益脑胶囊对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠催眠作用有显著协同作用,中剂量益脑胶囊与阈下剂量的戊巴比妥钠有明显协同作用,小剂量益脑胶囊与阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠仅有相同趋势。结论:益脑胶囊有明显的镇静催眠作用。     

龙骨酸枣仁对小鼠镇静催眠作用的对比研究

目的:比较观察龙骨和酸枣仁水煎剂对实验小鼠自发活动、睡眠、惊厥的影响.方法:分别给小鼠连续灌胃1周龙骨、酸枣仁水煎剂25g/kg、50g/kg,通过测定药物对动物活动箱中小鼠自发活动次数,观察阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠时间,阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠入睡率的影响,以及对硝酸士的宁惊厥作用的影响,来比较龙骨和酸枣仁的作用效果.结果:与空白对照组比较,龙骨、酸枣仁水煎剂大小剂量组均可明显减少自发活动次数;延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠所致睡眠时间,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠的入睡率;对抗硝酸士的宁惊厥发作的作用.结论:龙骨、酸枣仁水煎剂对小鼠均有镇静催眠作用,且同浓度时大剂量的镇静催眠作用强于小剂量,相同剂量时酸枣仁的作用强于龙骨.     

复元康胶囊镇静作用的实验研究

目的探讨复元康胶囊治疗精神分裂症的作用机制。方法采用戊巴比妥钠(阈下剂量)诱发小鼠睡眠,研究复元康胶囊对小鼠的镇静作用。结果复元康胶囊对戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量具有一定的协同作用,可延长戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠时间,缩短入睡潜伏期,并对小鼠自发性活动具有抑制作用,与空白对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01,P0.05)。结论复元康胶囊具有一定的镇静催眠作用,其对精神分裂症的治疗机制主要体现在镇静作用方面。     

眠尔康胶囊对小鼠睡眠的影响

目的　研究眠尔康胶囊对改善小鼠睡眠作用的影响。　方法　将小鼠随机分为溶剂对照组和眠尔康胶囊 40、80、2 40mg/kg3个剂量组 ,分别为A、B、C组共 4个组。通过延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间实验 ,观察眠尔康胶囊对戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间的延长作用 ;通过戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验 ,观察给戊巴比妥钠 30min内各组动物睡眠发生率 ;通过戊巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验 ,观察眠尔康胶囊对戊巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期的影响。　结果　眠尔康胶囊连续灌胃小鼠 30d ,B、C剂量组小鼠睡眠时间明显延长 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且睡眠发生率明显增加 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,睡眠潜伏期明显缩短 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　眠尔康胶囊有明显改善小鼠睡眠的作用。     

麦冬对小鼠镇静催眠作用的初步探讨

目的观察麦冬对小鼠的镇静催眠作用。方法采用小鼠自主活动记录法、协同阈剂量及阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠镇静催眠法。结果与生理盐水组比较,麦冬大剂量组、艾司唑仑组和复方组均能抑制小鼠的自主活动,并能明显延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠协同阈剂量的睡眠时间,差异有显著性。结论麦冬具有明显的镇静作用。     

无糖型宁心安神糖浆对小鼠镇静催眠作用的研究

目的 研究无糖型宁心安神糖浆（SNAS）的镇静、催眠作用。方法 采用自主活动试验、戊巴比妥钠阈上催眠剂量试验、睡眠试验、戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量试验,每个试验均选择ICR小鼠60只,随机分为6组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组,安神补脑液组,蔗糖型宁心安神糖浆组,SNAS高、中、低剂量（100、50、25 mL/kg）组,观察SNAS对小鼠的镇静和催眠作用。结果 SNAS能明显减少小鼠的自主活动次数,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡数量,延长小鼠睡眠时间,缩短入睡潜伏期。结论 无糖型宁心安神糖浆具有明显的镇静、催眠作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.