肿瘤坏死因子凋亡相关配体基因的克隆和表达

目的：克隆、表达和鉴定肿瘤坏死因子凋亡相关配体(TRAIL)．方法：从培养的人外周血淋巴细胞中提取总RNA，经RT-PCR获得TRAIL基因．将该基因克隆到pGEM-Teasy载体中，测序鉴定．将TRAIL基因插入pBV220表达载体中，42℃诱导表达4～5h，进行SDS-PAGE分析．免疫印迹法鉴定TRAIL蛋白的表达．结果：DNA测序证明，获得了TRAIL基因，其序列与GenBank中报道序列完全一致．SDSPAGE分析表明，TRAIL蛋白获得高效表达，分子质量为17ku，表达量约占菌体总蛋白的300k，．免疫印迹法鉴定显示，该蛋白可与鼠抗人TRAIL mAb产生阳性反应．结论：成功克隆和表达了TRAIL基因．     

人次级淋巴组织趋化因子的基因克隆及原核表达

目的：获得人次级淋巴组织趋化因子（SLC）基因，并通过大肠杆菌实现人SLC的非融合表达。方法：提取淋巴结组织总RNA，RT-PCR法扩增人SLC成熟肽基因，克隆到pMD18-T载体中，DNA测序。用限制性内切酶切下目的基因，与相应酶切的表达载体pBV220连接、筛选、鉴定。42℃热诱导表达目的蛋白，SDS-PAGE和Western印迹法鉴定重组蛋白，分子筛选初步纯化目的蛋白。结果：表达蛋白占菌体15％以上，免疫印迹证实为特异性蛋白，分子筛纯化后纯度达90％。结论：成功获得人SLC的原核表达。     

人lrp-cDNA全长编码区的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:扩增人lrp-cDNA全长编码区、并在大肠杆菌中表达和鉴定.方法:提取脂多糖刺激后HEK293细胞的总RNA,通过RT-PCR的方法扩增出全长人lrp序列,将其克隆入原核表达载体pcTAT后转化大肠杆菌诱导表达,做SDS-PAGE分析;并用免疫印迹法鉴定6His-TAT-LRG融合蛋白表达.结果:测序结果表明,获得了全长人lrp-cDNA全长编码区,其序列与GenBank已经公布的不完全一致;SDS-PAGE分析表明,6His-TAT-Lrp融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中成功表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的17%;免疫印迹法鉴定显示,该融合蛋白可与相应抗血清产生阳性反应.结论:得到人lrp-cDNA全长编码区序列,并成功表达,为人lrp功能的深入研究奠定了基础.     

人J链基因的克隆及原核表达研究

目的 用基因工程技术在大肠埃希菌中表达人J链基因重组蛋白,为研究其功能及开发检测J链抗原的试剂盒奠定基础.方法 提取人脾细胞总RNA,以此为模板,通过RT-PCR的方法获得J链基因.将该基因克隆到表达载体pET-22b(+)中,构建J链表达载体,测序证实正确后转化至E coli BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达后进行SDS-PAGE,表达产物经免疫印迹法(western blot,WB)鉴定其免疫反应性.结果 测序结果证实笔者成功地获得了J链基因,其序列与GenBank中报道完全一致.SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组蛋白在Ecoli BL21中获得表达,其相对分子量约为15KD左右,表达的蛋白量约占菌体蛋白的15%.结论 成功克隆了人免疫球蛋白J链基因,并在大肠杆菌中获得表达.     

不同激酶活性的hPAK6基因原核表达载体的构建及重组蛋白的表达

目的 构建不同激酶活性的hPAK6原核表达载体并诱导和鉴定其融合蛋白表达.方法 野生型、激酶活型和激酶死型pcDNA3.1-PAK6经EcoR Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ双酶切后,克隆至GST融合表达载体pGEX-5X-1,在E.coli BL21中诱导不同型GST-hPAK6融合蛋白表达,并经免疫印迹鉴定结果.结果 野生型、激酶活型和激酶死型hPAK6编码序列已被克隆至GST融合表达载体pGEX-5X-1,双酶切及测序鉴定正确,并在E.coli BL21中获得了诱导表达,蛋白的分子量均为101 kDa,免疫印迹检测到了融合蛋白表达.结论 成功构建不同激酶活性的hPAK6基因原核表达载体,并分别诱导表达出GST-PAK6融合蛋白.     

人破骨细胞形成抑制因子成熟肽基因在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

目的:在大肠杆菌中高效融合表达人破骨细胞形成抑制因子(osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor,OCIF)成熟肽基因.方法:利用PCR从人肝细胞文库中扩增得到OCIF成熟肽编码基因序列,将其与pMD18-T连接,转化大肠杆菌K802,筛选得到阳性重组克隆载体pMD18-OCIFm,双酶切重组克隆质粒pMD18-OCIFm得到OCIF成熟肽基因,将其定向插入pMAL-c2载体中,转化大肠杆菌TB1.筛选得到阳性重组表达子后进行诱导表达.结果:所获得的OCIF成熟肽基因编码序列经测序与GenBank报道的完全一致.所表达的产物经SDS-PAGE分析可见在相对分子质量80000处出现一条特殊条带,与预期的相对分子质量一致.Western印迹证实了表达产物的正确.表达产物在高剂量(＞120ng/L)时可诱导体外培养小鼠成熟破骨细胞的凋亡.结论:成功获得了人OCIF成熟肽基因的克隆并实现了其在大肠杆菌中的融合表达.     

凋亡抑制蛋白-survivin基因的克隆和表达

目的:克隆survivin基因、原核表达并鉴定. 方法:从培养的人喉癌Hep-2细胞中提取总RNA,经RT-PCR获得survivin基因. 将该基因克隆到pGEM-T-Easy载体中,测序、鉴定. 将测序正确的survivin基因亚克隆到pRSET-c载体中,构建survivin表达载体,IPTG诱导表达4～5 h,做SDS-PAGE分析,鉴定survivin蛋白的表达. 结果:DNA测序证明,获得了survivin基因,其序列与GeneBank中报道序列完全一致. SDS-PAGE分析表明,survivin蛋白获得高效表达,其相对分子质量为16.5×103,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的30%. 结论:Survivin基因的克隆和表达均获得了成功. 为进一步探讨survivin基因在肿瘤诊治中应用奠定了基础.     

DPP-rhBMP-4m融合表达载体的构建和应用

目的:构建容易去除标签蛋白的大肠杆菌融合蛋白表达载体.方法:PCR方法获得带有Asp-Pro-Pro前缀的重组人骨形态发生蛋白-4成熟肽(recombination human bone morphogenetic protein 4 mature peptide,rhBMP-4m)编码序列并克隆入pRSET载体,转化大肠杆菌后诱导表达;经免疫印迹法鉴定融合蛋白;甲酸裂解去除6His标签后细胞学实验检测其活性.结果:构建的融合表达载体序列测定结果与预期结果一致;诱导表达的DPP-rhBMP-4m融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,占菌体总蛋白量的37%,亲和层析后目的蛋白纯度为97%;免疫印迹法鉴定显示,该融合蛋白可与相应抗血清产生特异性反应;对C2C12细胞具有良好的生物活性.结论:成功构建了利于目的蛋白纯化的pRSET-DPP-rhBMP-4m融合表达载体.     

人HT036蛋白的原核表达及鉴定

目的 原核表达人HT036蛋白并鉴定其正确性.方法 采用PCR技术,扩增人HT036蛋白编码序列,克隆至原核表达载体pET30a( )中,用IPTG诱导表达,免疫印迹鉴定.结果 PCR扩增得到了目的DNA片段,克隆至原核表达载体后经酶切与测序鉴定正确,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达,用抗His抗体鉴定融合蛋白表达正确.结论 成功构建了重组原核表达载体并正确表达了HT036蛋白.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.