脑脊髓液新蝶呤含量测定在病毒性脑炎中的诊断价值

病毒性脑炎是一种中枢神经系统感染性疾病,小儿常见,夏秋季节多发。病毒性脑炎发病急,来势凶猛,重者可危及患儿生命或导致严重的神经系统后遗症。早期诊断和及时治疗可降低病毒性脑炎的病死率和致残率。目前,临床上诊断病毒性脑炎主要通过脑脊髓液和生化检查,但是部分患儿脑脊髓液检查常无特殊变化,导致确诊该病较为困难。自2007年以来,笔者通过测定30例病毒性脑炎患儿脑脊髓液新蝶呤浓度,发现其对病毒性脑炎的及时诊断有帮助,现报道如下。     

降钙素原检测在感染性疾病诊断中的价值

目的评价血清降钙素原在细菌感染性疾病诊断中的价值。方法收集保定市传染病医院疑为感染的患者其中细菌组94例患者,病毒组38例患者,以102例健康人群为对照。采用上转发光免疫层析法检测血清中降钙素原(PCT)和C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平。结果病毒感染组患者PCT与健康组相比轻度升高,但差异无统计学意义(F=0.325、P=0.078);病毒感染组与健康组患者CRP水平差异具有统计学意义(F=68.13、P=0.007);细菌感染组与其他各组相比,PCT和CRP水平均显著升高。细菌感染组PCT和CRP的阳性率要显著高于病毒感染组,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2=66.16、P=0.001,χ2=48.77、P=0.002)。病毒感染组PCT的阳性率显著低于CRP。应用ROC曲线分析PCT和CRP鉴别诊断细菌感染的效能,曲线下面积分别为0.854和0.783,PCT效能优于CRP。结论在诊断病原微生物的感染中,PCT是一个很好的血清指标,用于细菌感染诊断和鉴别诊断。     

超声检查在肛周感染性疾病中的诊断价值

为探讨超声检查在肛周感染性疾病中的诊断价值,选取75例肛周感染性疾病患者作为研究对象,在术前对所有患者进行肛周及周围软组织超声检查,并于手术治疗后将超声结果与手术病理诊断结果相比较,分析超声检查在肛周感染性疾病中的准确率.结果显示,经手术治疗确诊,75例患者中单纯型肛周脓肿36例,复合型肛周脓肿16例,肛瘘23例,与超...     

亚甲蓝在腹部损伤中的诊断作用

目的 探讨外伤或手术导致泌尿系统损伤后,手术探查中及时、准确的诊断方法,提供手术治疗的方案。方法 外伤或手术中可疑泌尿系统有损伤时,探查损伤前30 min,用亚甲蓝20 mg加5%葡萄糖注射液20 mL稀释后缓慢静脉注射,10 min完成,待留置尿袋内尿液开始变蓝时,仔细观察可疑泌尿系统损伤的部位有无蓝染,准确判断损伤部位。结果 560例腹部外伤患者中,泌尿系统损伤后造成尿外漏者9例,全部使用术中静脉注射亚甲蓝诊断损伤部位,确诊率100%。结论 手术中静脉注射亚甲蓝后,经泌尿系统排泄的蓝色亚甲蓝能及时、准确地诊断泌尿系统损伤后造成的尿液外漏。     

单克隆抗体在黑素瘤诊断中的作用

<正>恶性黑素瘤(malignant melanoma,MM)是原发于皮肤的高度恶性肿瘤,是目前发病率增长最快的恶性肿瘤之一,所以早期诊断和及时治疗显得尤为重要[1]。肿瘤标记物可由肿瘤细胞产生或由非肿瘤细胞,如与肿瘤有关的免疫系统产生,可存在于细胞内或细胞表面[2]。因血清肿瘤标记物的检测简便易行,所以在肿瘤学中的应用日益广泛,但在黑色素瘤中大多数血清肿瘤标记物的敏感性和特异性均不高,且大多数在疾病晚期才高表达,因而不适     

CRP和WBC联合检测在儿童急性感染性疾病诊断中的临床价值

目的：探讨儿童在临床上对急性感染性疾病诊断中的CRP和WBC联合检测的价值。方法选择我院2012年12月～2014年1月收治的100例急性感染的儿童作为观察组,另外选择50名无急性感染健康的儿童作为对照组,对两组患者的末梢血中的CRP和WBC含量进行检测。结果检测结果发现,观察组患者的CRP和WBC含量明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;和其他各项指标相比,CRP和WBC联合检测阳性率有很明显的差异,具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。相比于各单独项目检测,联合检测阳性率更佳。结论 CRP和WBC是儿童急性感染的敏感指标,及时和准确的联合检测对于儿童急性感染的诊断有重要的临床价值。     

四环素在非感染性疾病中的治疗应用

盐酸四环素为生物合成的广谱抗生素,对局部组织有较强的刺激性,它的水溶液注入浆膜腔内可引起上皮组织细胞或间皮细胞灼烧、充血、水肿,破坏浆膜的间皮细胞,抑制或阻碍积液的分泌。浆膜腔和囊腔的内膜相互粘连、纤维化,最后浆膜腔和囊腔闭塞,这种改变是不可逆的。作为硬化剂在临床的应用越来越广泛,治疗效果好,现综述如下。 1.肝、肾囊肿 孙学军等报告经皮肝穿刺置管引流注射四环素治疗肝囊肿21例,疗效满意。方法:根据囊肿部位,病人平卧位成侧卧位。穿刺点选择在距皮肤较近、囊肿距肝表面1cm～2cm处,用18号PTC套管针,直接刺入囊     

局部应用抗生素在骨科感染性疾病的治疗作用

创伤后骨及软组织的感染是一个较为棘手的难题,近二十年来,随着一系列有机高分子材料的发展,局部应用抗生素的新型给药方式得到了广泛的研究和应用。 Bucholz于1970年首次将抗生素复合的骨水泥应用于预防和治疗全髋成形术后感染。1972年,Klemm在Bucholz工作的基础上将聚甲酯(PMMA)骨水泥制成珠状以扩大释放面,并固定于不锈钢丝上制成珠链。他成功将清创,庆大霉素-PMMA珠链和合适的软组织覆盖结合起来,治疗骨及软组感染疗效显著。随后商品化的PMMA珠链SEPTOPAL在德国     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

目的 评价SiSo细胞表达的受体结合癌抗原(RCAS1)在胰腺癌诊断中的作用.方法 应用酶联免疫吸附分析法检测46例胰腺癌患者、18例慢性胰腺炎患者和20名健康人血清中RCAS1、CA19-9和CA242的含量.用ROC曲线法对检测结果进行分析.应用免疫组织化学染色法对32例胰腺癌、10例慢性胰腺炎以及6例正常胰腺组织切片进行染色,观察RCAS1在胰腺癌和正常胰腺组织中的表达情况.同时对结果进行统计学分析.结果 3种肿瘤标志物的水在胰腺癌组均高于慢性胰腺炎组和正常对照组,且差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).运用ROC曲线法对3种肿瘤标志物的检测结果进行处理.RCAS1、CA19-9和CA242的曲线下面积分别为0.826、0.804和0.737.分层分析表明,RCAS1和CA19-9在有梗阻性黄疸组高于无梗阻性黄疸组(P＜0.01),CA19-9在手术无法切除组高于手术可切除组(P＜0.01).胰腺癌组织中RCAS1表达的阳性率为87.5%,慢性胰腺炎组织为40.0%,两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 RCAS1在胰腺癌组织中高表达,作为血清肿瘤标志物对胰腺癌的综合诊断能力优于CA19-9和CA242,若同时联合检测CA19-9,则对提高胰腺癌早期诊断和术前可切除性评估准确率有一定的临床价值.     

COMP在骨关节炎早期诊断中的作用

骨关节炎（osteoarthritis，0A）是临床常见病和多发病，随着社会的老龄化其发病率越来越高。由于OA影像学改变比OA症状出现要迟，传统依据影像学改变加临床症状来诊断OA的方法不能及时早期诊断，一旦患者关节出现X线改变时，关节的正常功能和患者的生活质量已经受到严重和不可逆影响。因此，能否运用有效、廉价和微创的检查手段来检测亚临床的OA和监测病变的进展是目前早期诊断和有效防治OA最急需解决的课题之一。     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

骨强度在骨质疏松诊断中的作用

骨骼不仅有生命力而且具有一定的韧性和弹性 ,是体内最坚硬的器官 ,可作为人体的支架 ,载荷重量以及作为运动的杠杆。同时可保护内脏器官、维持血管的正常形态和避免部分神经受压迫。骨也是人体最大的钙库和磷库 ,完成造血和免疫功能。遵照Wolff’原则 ,皮质骨的几何形状和松质骨的结构类型 ,以及骨的分子、细胞和代谢活动均是适应正常生理载荷的结果 ,如果不能适应则导致病理性骨折、代谢性骨病和疼痛[1] 。一、骨生物力学的基本概念1 应力 (stress)和应变 (strain)骨应力和应变是描述骨骼受力后的内部效应 ,当外力作用于骨时 ,骨以形变…     

磁共振成像在前列腺癌诊断中的作用

目的：探讨磁共振成像（MRI）在前列腺癌诊断中的作用。方法：对55例经前列腺活检证实为前列腺疾病患者（包括前列腺癌25例，非前列腺癌30例）进行了MRI检查，并将MRI检查结果与经直肠超声（TRUS）检查结果进行比较。结果：MRI和TRUS对前列腺癌诊断的准确率分别为75.0%和71.4%。两者差异无显著性意义。结论：MRI是评价前列腺癌的一种较好的影像学方法，有助于前列腺癌的临床分期。