小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产术效果的多方面评价

目的：探讨小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产术的感觉、运动阻滞效果及不良反应,并与布比卡因及罗哌卡因比较。方法：择期在腰硬联合麻醉下行剖宫产术的产妇66例,按不同麻醉药物分为B组（布比卡因8mg）、R组（罗哌卡因12mg）、RS组（罗哌卡因9mg复合舒芬太尼5μg）3组。观察记录麻醉前、注入麻醉药后基本生命体征,感觉阻滞及运动神经阻滞情况及术中的不良事件发生率。结果：B组血流动力学波动最大,R组波动较B组稍小,但与B组无明显差异,RS组波动最小,与B组有明显差异（P〈0．05）。RS组感觉阻滞效果最佳,B组次之,R组最差。B组较其余两组运动阻滞程度高,恢复时间长（P〈0．05）,RS组运动阻滞程度与R组无明显差异,但恢复最快（P〈0．05）。RS组患者有明显的镇静表现,镇静评分较其余两组高（P〈0．05）,B、R组未出现明显镇静。RS组恶心、呕吐、寒战、术中牵拉痛发生率明显低于B组（P〈0．05）,但瘙痒发生率高于B、R组（P〈0．05）。结论：剖宫产患者罗哌卡因9mg复合舒芬太尼5μg腰硬联合麻醉有良好的镇痛及肌松效果,且患者血流动力学平稳,术后肌松恢复迅速,术中不良反应少,并可以起到一定的术后镇痛作用,值得临床推广。     

Intrathecal dexmedetomidine improves epidural labor analgesia effects: a randomized controlled trial

Objectiveα2‑agonists and opioids have been used as intrathecal adjuvants to local anesthetics for several years, but the effect of intrathecal dexmedetomidine (Dex) or sufentanil combined with epidural ropivacaine in labor analgesia is not fully understood.MethodsA total of 108 parturient women receiving combined spinal-epidural labor analgesia were randomly divided into three groups. Group C received l mL saline (0.9%) intrathecally, Group D received 5 µg Dex intrathecally, and Group S received 5 µg sufentanil intrathecally. All parturient women then received 0.1% epidural ropivacaine and 0.2 µg/mL sufentanil for patient-controlled epidural analgesia with standard settings. The visual analog scale score, onset time, duration of intrathecal injection, local anesthetic requirements, and side effects were recorded.ResultsThe labor analgesia effects in Groups D and S were better than those in Group C. Groups D and S displayed significantly shorter onset times, longer durations of intrathecal injection, and reduced local anesthetic requirements compared with Group C. The incidence of shivering and pruritus in Group D was lower than that in Group S.ConclusionIntrathecal administration of 5 µg Dex could improve epidural labor analgesia effects.This randomized controlled clinical trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Registry Center (ChiCTR-1800014943, http://www.chictr.org.cn/).     

罗哌卡因复合小剂量舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔注射应用于择期剖宫产术的临床研究

目的观察罗哌卡因复合小剂量舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔注射应用于择期剖宫产术的麻醉效果，探索两药联合应用的合理配伍剂量。方法将择期120例腰硬联合麻醉下剖宫产孕妇随机分成四组，Ⅰ组：1．5ml 0．75％罗哌卡因＋1 ml 10％葡萄糖＋0．5ml舒芬太尼5μg；Ⅱ组：1．5ml 0．75％罗哌卡因＋1ml 10％葡萄糖＋0．5ml舒芬太尼7．5μg；Ⅲ组：1．5ml 0．75％罗哌卡因＋1ml 10％葡萄糖＋0．5ml舒芬太尼10．0μg；Ⅳ组：2．0ml 0．75％罗哌卡因＋1ml 10％葡萄糖，每组30例。比较各组产妇椎管内阻滞的效果、术中牵拉反应的抑制程度、围术期并发症的发生率及新生儿脐带血气、Apgar评分的统计学差异。结果Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组较Ⅰ组术中硬膜外追加局麻药量减少（X^2=10．23，P均〈0．05）；Ⅳ组的寒战和低血压的发生率低（X^2分别=12．38、14．20，P均〈0．05）；Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组比较．围术期瘙痒的发生率降低（X^2=13．45，P均〈0．05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ、Ⅳ纽相比恶心、呕吐的发生率偏低（X^2分别=9．87、10．05，P均〈O．05）。新生儿娩出后的Apgar评分（胎儿娩出即刻、娩出后10min）、从切皮至娩出时间及新生儿脐带血气分析结果（pH、PCO2、PO2、SBE）的比较均无明显统计学差异（X^2分别=2．05、2．19、3．32、2．49、1．96、2．97、1．78，P均〉0．05）。各组感觉麻醉平面、产妇呼吸抑制、术后头痛发生率及Bromage评分〉3的发生率也同样无统计学差异（X^2分别=2．59、3．42、2．45、1．87，P均〈0．05）。结论罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔注射麻醉效果确切。可安全应用于剖宫产术。舒芬太尼7．5μg（H组）复合11．25mg罗哌卡因蛛网膜下腔注射行择期剖宫产术的围术期并发症相对较少，该配伍相对更合理。     

Vesselplasty versus vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with posterior wall rupture

ObjectiveThis study was performed to compare the effectiveness and safety of vesselplasty versus vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures with posterior wall rupture.MethodsPatients who underwent treatment of a single osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with posterior wall rupture from January 2016 to February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into a vesselplasty group (n = 17) and a vertebroplasty group (n = 43). Pain relief, radiographic outcomes, and bone cement leakage were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the operation time, postoperative pain relief, vertebral compression recovery, or local Cobb angle improvement between the two groups. However, the overall bone cement leakage rate (29.4% vs. 67.4%) and spinal canal leakage rate (0.0% vs. 30.2%) were significantly lower in the vesselplasty group than vertebroplasty group.ConclusionsVesselplasty offers similar pain relief and vertebral compression recovery but lower spinal canal leakage compared with vertebroplasty. Vesselplasty is thus a better option than vertebroplasty for patients with osteoporotic compression fractures with posterior wall rupture.     

罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉在剖宫产术中的应用效果

目的比较剖宫产术中应用罗哌卡因腰-硬联合麻醉和罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2018年9月至2019年7月92例接受剖宫产术产妇的临床资料,按照麻醉方法不同将其分为罗哌卡因组和罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组,每组46例。罗哌卡因组给予罗哌卡因腰-硬联合麻醉,罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组给予罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉。观察两组麻醉前、手术开始时的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、呼吸频率、心率(HR)、药物起效时间、痛觉恢复时间、术后24 h不良反应发生情况、麻醉后肌肉松弛优良率。结果手术开始时,两组SBP、DBP、呼吸频率、HR均明显下降,但罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组下降程度明显低于罗哌卡因组(P<0.05)。罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组药物起效时间明显短于罗哌卡因组,痛觉恢复时间明显长于罗哌卡因组(P<0.05)。罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组术后24 h不良反应总发生率明显低于罗哌卡因组(P<0.05)。罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组麻醉后肌肉松弛优良率明显高于罗哌卡因组(P<0.05)。结论罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉应用于剖宫产术中的临床效果显著,可广泛推广。     

小剂量罗哌卡因与舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉在无痛分娩中的应用效果及对产程时间、不良反应发生情况的影响

目的 探讨小剂量罗哌卡因与舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉在无痛分娩中的应用效果.方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月收治的180例无痛分娩产妇作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,各90例.对照组实施常规硬膜外麻醉,试验组实施小剂量罗哌卡因与舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉.比较两组镇痛前及镇痛后5、30 min的疼痛...     

不同温度罗哌卡因剖宫产产妇寒战的临床观察

目的探讨寒战的发生与罗哌卡因温度的关系及其可能的原因。方法300例剖宫产产妇随机分为三组（Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组）,每组100例。对照组（Ⅰ组）硬膜外腔分次给予37％0．75％罗哌卡因15ml;实验组（Ⅱ组）硬膜外腔分次给予25℃0．75％罗哌卡因15m1;实验组（Ⅲ组）硬膜外腔分次给予15℃0．75％罗哌卡因15ml。观察记录产妇术中寒战发生的情况（寒战评级、寒战出现时间、寒战停止时间）,并持续监测术期呼吸循环的变化,记录胎儿出生后的Apgar评分。结果Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组剖宫产产妇寒战的发生率分别为18％、34％、77％。与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组寒战出现时间早、停止时间长、寒战评级更高;与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ组寒战出现时间早、停止时间长、寒战评级更高。结论罗哌卡因温度下降,寒战程度加重,发生率增加。     

不同剂量等比重罗哌卡因蛛网膜下腔麻醉在剖宫产术中的应用研究

目的观察不同剂量0.5%等比重罗哌卡因蛛网膜下腔麻醉在剖宫产术中应用的临床疗效。方法选择150例ASA I～Ⅱ级行剖宫产手术的产妇,随机分为A、B、C三组,每组50例。于L2-3间隙蛛网膜下腔穿刺成功后分别注入0.5%等比重罗哌卡因10 mg、12.5 mg、15 mg。观察三组患者血液动力学指标、麻醉效果及三组不良反应发生率。结果 (1)血液动力学指标:①平均动脉压(MAP):A、B、C三组在各时间点显示MAP数值均无显著性(P>0.05)。②心率(HR):C组麻醉后10 min时,HR较A、B两组明显升高(P<0.05)。(2)麻醉效果:①三组感觉阻滞平面比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。②A组运动阻滞时间明显长于B、C两组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。③A组的运动阻滞恢复时间明显短于B、C两组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。(3)A组硬膜外追加药物剂量明显增加,与其它两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(4)C组麻黄素的应用剂量与A、B两组比较显著性增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(5)不良反应:A、B两组麻醉后低血压、恶心、呕吐不良反应的发生率均明显低于C组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。麻醉后寒战反应对比观察显示B、C组的发生率明显低于A组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 0.5%罗哌卡因等比重液12.5mg剂量应用于剖宫产蛛网膜下腔阻滞更为有效、安全、副作用低。     

鞘内注射舒芬太尼对剖宫产术后镇痛效果的研究

评价舒芬太尼鞘内注射对剖宫产术后镇痛效果。方法：将90例择期腰-硬联合麻醉行剖宫产产妇随机等分为三组。术时用药,A、C组：罗哌卡因15 mg＋0.9%生理盐水0.5 ml＋10%葡萄糖1 ml;B组：罗哌卡因15 mg＋舒芬太尼5μg（0.5 ml）＋10%葡萄糖1 ml。术后用药,A、B组：0.16%罗哌卡因＋0.002 5%氟比利多;C组：0.16%罗哌卡因＋0.002 5%氟比利多＋0.005%（5 mg）吗啡。设置：无负荷量,2 ml/h,PCA：1 ml,锁定时间：15 min,术毕开启,镇痛24h。专人术后2、4、6、8、24、36、48 h用VAS和Prince-Henry方法进行疼痛评分、记录用药量、PCA按压次数。结果：B组比A、C组起效时间缩短（P〈0.01）,A、C组在术后2、4、6 h评分差异无显著性,但高于B组（P〈0.01）,三组在8、24 h评分差异无显著性,在36、48 h两个时点A、C组评分均高于B组（P〈0.01）。结论：鞘内注射舒芬太尼用于剖宫产术后镇痛,缩短麻醉起效时间,镇痛效果明显,8后镇痛效果减弱但持续时间较长,有一定的副作用。     

0．75％罗哌卡因用于小儿蛛网膜下腔阻滞中的临床研究

目的探讨0．75％罗哌卡因用于小儿蛛网膜下腔阻滞的合适剂量。方法选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级择期手术的小儿患者60例．随机分为三组，每组20例。A组0．75％罗哌卡因2ml（按每厘米椎管长0．15mg给药）、B组0．75％罗哌卡因2ml（按每厘米椎管长0．3mg给药）、C组0．5％布比卡因2ml（按每厘米椎管长0．15mg给药）。用药后观察最高感觉阻滞平面等蛛网膜下腔阻滞运动和感觉参数、监测不同时间段的MAP、HR值和不良反应和并发症。结果A组最高阻滞平面、T10感觉平面阻滞持续时间、平面固定时间、运动起效时间、运动恢复时间，与C组比较，差异有统计学意义（F分别=0．16、7．03、0．57、19．23、1．17，P均〈0．05），与B组比较，差异有统计学意义（F分别=0．21、6．78、0．78、17．98、1．23，P均〈0．05）；A组下肢运动阻滞程度弱于C组，差异有统计学意义（x^2分别=40．83、21．16、10．42，P均〈0．05），与B组比较，差异有统计学意义（x^2分别=36．01、21．16、9．60，P均〈0．05）：B组运动恢复快于C组，差异有统计学意义（F=1．23，P〈0．05）；B组感觉阻滞起效时间与A组、C组比较，差异无统计学意义（F分别=4．13、4．54，P均〉0．05）。结论0．75％罗哌卡因每厘米椎长0．3mg用于小儿脊麻能达到安全麻醉：而0．75％罗哌卡因每厘米椎长0．15mg用于小儿脊麻，运动、感觉阻滞较布比卡因差。     

Ondansetron for Shivering after Spinal Anesthesia in Cesarean Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

PurposeEvaluate the efficacy of ondansetron in preventing shivering after spinal anesthesia in cesarean delivery.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysisMethodsFollowing the PRISMA statement, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, Google scholar and other grey literature databases were searched for eligible studies.FindingsThe overall incidence of shivering after spinal anesthesia in cesarean delivery is 32%, with 24% in patients who received ondansetron compared to 40% in the placebo group. A total of 19 trials consisting of 1399 patients were evaluated. Compared to placebo, ondansetron is effective in reducing the incidence of shivering (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.78; P = 0.003). The quality of evidence is low due to substantial heterogeneity, imprecision and suspected publication bias. Patients who received ondansetron are less likely to require rescue treatment for shivering (RR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.76; P = 0.009). Also, ondansetron is associated with a lower incidence of hypotension necessitating vasopressor treatment, and nausea and vomiting with no effects on the incidence of bradycardia.ConclusionOndansetron is effective in mitigating shivering after spinal anesthesia in cesarean delivery.     

罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产的临床疗效观察

目的观察罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产的临床疗效。方法将2009年11月至2010年6月130例择期行剖宫产术的产妇随机分为对照组及观察组,对照组65例采用罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉,观察组65例采用罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉,比较分析两组的临床效果。结果观察组的麻醉起效时间明显短于对照组,镇痛维持时间与术后疼痛评分均优于对照组,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术时间、新生儿Apgar评分、不良反应发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产效果满意,镇痛效果更佳。     

Evaluation of lung function and clinical features of interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injections: a randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveInterlaminar cervical epidural steroid injections (ICESIs) are commonly used to treat axial neck pain and cervical radicular pain. However, local anesthetics can spread to and block the phrenic nerve and upper segments of the thoracic spinal cord where the sympathetic innervation of the lungs emerges. Therefore, changes in lung function may occur following ICESIs.MethodsThe primary outcome measure was the pulmonary function test (PFT) result 30 minutes before and after ICESI with ropivacaine (0.1875% or 0.25%). The secondary outcome measure was the comparison of the pain scores and functional disability between the two concentrations of ropivacaine 4 weeks after the ICESIs.ResultsFifty patients were randomly assigned to either the R1 (0.1875% ropivacaine) or R2 (0.25% ropivacaine) group. No significant difference was observed between the pre-ICESI and 30-minute post-ICESI PFT results within each group, and no difference was observed between the two groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, both groups showed a significant decrease in pain scores and functional disability; however, no significant differences were observed between the two groups.ConclusionsThis study showed no significant change in lung function after ICESIs in either group and no local anesthetic concentration-based difference in the clinical efficacy of the ICESIs.     

School performance in children at the time of new-onset seizures and at long-term follow-up: A retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveSchool-performance difficulties (SPD) are common in children with epilepsy. The objectives of this study were to determine if the rate of SPD in children with seizures change from seizure-onset to follow-up and differ from children with psychiatric disorders.MethodsSchool-aged children who required an initial electroencephalography (EEG) test in 2016 were reviewed and separated into two groups based on the presence or absence of seizures. Developmental delay and SPD were compared between groups at initial assessment and SPD was assessed after 2–4 years of follow-up. Analysis was also performed on a sub-set of patients with psychiatric disorders.ResultsAt baseline, the rate of SPD was similar between the seizure (n = 146) and non-seizure (n = 332) groups [26% vs. 27%]. At follow-up, the seizure (n = 119) group had a significantly higher rate of SPD than the non-seizure (n = 215) group (54% vs. 43%). There was no difference in the rate of SPD between the seizure (n = 119) and psychiatric (n = 69) groups at baseline (31% vs. 43%) or follow-up (54% vs. 55%).ConclusionOver time, children with recurrent seizures experience more SPD than children without seizures, but similar SPD to children with psychiatric disorders.     

Comparison of the Effect of Forced-air Warming and Warmed Intravenous Fluid on the Comfort and Prevention of Shivering After Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery

PurposeThis study aimed to compare the effect of forced-air warming and warmed intravenous fluid on the comfort and prevention of shivering after spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery.DesignRandomized controlled clinical trial.MethodsA total of 120 patients were randomly divided into three groups: forced-air warming (38°C), warmed intravenous fluid (37°C), and the control group. Patients' comfort and severity of shivering were measured and recorded five times (immediately and 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia, end of the surgery, time of entrance to the recovery room, and 15 minutes after entering the recovery room), and compared with each other.FindingsThere was a significant difference between the three groups in terms of comfort at all points of evaluation times (P < .001). The comfort score in the control group was significantly higher than the two intervention groups (P < .001). Moreover, the comfort score in the warmed intravenous fluid group was significantly higher than the forced-air warming group (P < .001). In addition, there was a significant difference in shivering severity between the three groups at the end of the surgery, entrance to the recovery room, and 15 minutes after surgery (P < .001). The majority of patients in the forced-air warming group (90%) had no shivering at all three times, while the warmed IV fluid and control groups was 65% and 30% respectively.ConclusionsNon-pharmacological methods such as forced-air warming and warmed intravenous fluid can provide comfort and prevent shivering in orthopaedic patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. However, the use of forced-air warming is more effective than warmed intravenous fluid in providing comfort and preventing shivering in these patients. It is recommended that these methods be used in the operating room to provide comfort and prevent shivering in these patients.     

The key role of pulse wave transit time to predict blood pressure variation during anaesthesia induction

ObjectiveTo establish the relationship between pulse wave transit time (PWTT) before anaesthesia induction and blood pressure variability (BPV) during anaesthesia induction.MethodsThis prospective observational cohort study enrolled consecutive patients that underwent elective surgery. Invasive arterial pressure, electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, heart rate and bispectral index were monitored. PWTT and BPV were measured with special software. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol, sufentanil and rocuronium.ResultsA total of 54 patients were included in this study. There was no correlation between BPV and the dose of propofol, sufentanil and rocuronium during anaesthesia induction. Bivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that PWTT (r = –0.54), age (r = 0.34) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.31) significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV). Only PWTT (r = –0.38) was significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure variability (DBPV). Patients were stratified into high PWTT and low PWTT groups according to the mean PWTT value (96.8 ± 17.2 ms). Compared with the high PWTT group, the SBPV of the low PWTT group increased significantly by 3.4%. The DBPV of the low PWTT group increased significantly by 2.1% compared with the high PWTT group.ConclusionsPWTT, assessed before anaesthesia induction, may be an effective predictor of haemodynamic fluctuations during anaesthesia induction.     

小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼在剖宫产术麻醉中的应用效果

目的分析小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼在剖宫产术中的应用效果。方法选取2018年3月至2018年12月在我院进行剖宫产手术的116例产妇为研究对象,根据在剖宫产术中选择的麻醉药物的不同将其分为对照组(58例,罗哌卡因)和观察组(58例,罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼)。比较两组的临床效果。结果观察组的麻醉起效时间、痛觉恢复时间均明显短于对照组,麻醉持续时间明显长于对照组(P<0.05)。术前、麻醉药物注射后1、3、5、10 min及术毕时,两组的心率和平均动脉压比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组产妇的产后不良反应总发生率及VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组新生儿出生后1、5 min时Apgar评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼在剖宫产术麻醉中的应用效果显著,麻醉起效快,术后镇痛效果明显,且对母婴影响小,术后不良反应少,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

左旋布比卡因、布比卡因和罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于子宫全切术的临床比较

[目的]观察左旋布比卡因在腰硬联合麻醉下子宫全切术中的应用效果并与相同剂量的布比卡因和罗哌卡因比较.[方法]选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级行择期子宫全切术的病人60例,随机分为三组,每组20例.左旋布比卡因组（LB组）予0.75%左旋布比卡因2 mL＋10%葡萄糖1 mL,布比卡因组（B组）予0.75%布比卡因2 mL＋10%葡萄糖1 mL,罗哌卡因组（R组）予0.75%罗哌卡因2 mL＋10%葡萄糖1 mL行腰硬联合麻醉,观察各组感觉阻滞起效时间、维持时间、最高感觉阻滞平面、最高平面固定时间、运动神经阻滞程度和麻醉质量及术中术后病人不良反应.[结果]感觉阻滞起效时间、最高平面固定时间LB组和B组差异无统计学意义（ P 〉0.05）,两组明显短于R组（ P 〈0.05）; 最高感觉阻滞平面三组差异无统计学意义（ P 〉0.05）;腰麻维持时间LB组和B组差异无统计学意义（ P 〉0.05）,而明显长于R组（ P 〈0.05）;运动神经阻滞程度LB组和B组差异无统计学意义（ P 〉0.05）,而明显大于R组（ P 〈0.05）;麻醉质量LB组和B组差异无统计学意义（ P 〉0.05）,而明显优于R组（ P 〈0.05）;三组病人均无严重术中术后不良反应.[结论]左旋布比卡因用于腰硬联合麻醉下子宫全切术可提供良好的麻醉效果,其麻醉作用与相同剂量布比卡因相似,而较罗哌卡因强.     

舒芬太尼用于髋关节置换术后患者自控硬膜外镇痛的观察

目的比较舒芬太尼与等效剂量芬太尼在髋关节置换术后患者硬膜外镇痛的临床效果。方法 2006年11月-2008年9月收治的50例硬膜外麻醉下髋关节置换术患者,随机分为两组（n=25）。芬太尼组（A组）：芬太尼0.75mg加0.894%甲磺酸哌卡因20mL加生理盐水至100mL;舒芬太尼组（B组）,舒芬太尼75μg加0.894%甲磺酸哌卡因20mL加生理盐水至100mL硬膜外镇痛。其中,A组患者于手术结束时,静脉滴注格拉司琼3mg。持续剂量2mL/h,单次给药量（PCA）0.5mL/次,锁定时间15min。观察两组的镇痛效果,恶心、呕吐次数,记录脉搏血氧饱和度、心率、呼吸的变化。结果镇痛泵开机后,B组各时段镇静评分,2分以上者明显多于A组,镇痛评分明显低于A组,有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,两组术后恶心、呕吐发生率都较低,组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组4、12、24h的呼吸频率和脉搏血氧饱和度差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但48h的呼吸频率和脉搏血氧饱和度无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论在等效剂量下,髋关节置换术后患者硬膜外镇痛,舒芬太尼明显优于芬太尼。     

甲磺酸罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼用于剖宫产术后镇痛浓度的临床研究

目的观察舒芬太尼复合不同浓度的甲磺酸罗哌卡因用于剖宫产术后硬膜外自控镇痛术(PCEA)的效果及甲磺酸罗哌卡因的最佳有效浓度。方法 90例产妇在硬-腰联合麻醉(CSEA)下行剖宫产手术的患者,手术后行PCEA术后镇痛,在同样的阿片类药物剂量(30μg舒芬太尼)的背景下,依照给予不同浓度的甲磺酸罗哌卡因,随机分为3组;A组(n=30),0.2℅甲磺酸罗哌卡因100 ml;B组(n=30),0.15℅甲磺酸罗哌卡因100 ml;C组(n=30),0.1℅甲磺酸罗哌卡因100 ml。观察指标:术后4 h、12 h、48 h患者VAS疼痛评分,改良Bromage评分,恶心、呕吐、瘙痒、尿潴留、排气时间延长、延迟性呼吸抑制等副作用。结果①不同浓度的罗哌卡因各时间点VAS无统计学差异(P>0.05)。②下肢肌力恢复情况:术后4 h结果显示,3组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术后12 h和48 h显示,C组与A、B两组相比,对下肢肌力影响最小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③在副作用项目中,C组在尿潴留、排气时间延长上与其它两组比较发生率明显减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 0.1℅甲磺酸罗哌卡因复合枸橼酸舒芬太尼用于剖宫产术后镇痛效果良好,副作用少,且运动阻滞程度最小,因此更适合应用于剖宫产术后PCEA术后镇痛。