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中国古代人民已经认识到口腔卫生的重要性,从春秋战国时期开始,人们已有漱口、剔牙等口腔清洁措施。外来的佛教文化对我国的菌斑控制措施的发展起过非常重要的作用。汉代起,部分僧侣用杨枝清洁口腔卫生,并注意到了口腔卫生与口腔疾患间的关系。从辽代开始,我国已经开始使用并制造植毛牙刷。在宋代,植毛牙刷、牙粉等菌斑控制用具已经商品化。综上所述,我国是世界上最早使用药物制剂漱口,最早使用并制造牙签、植毛牙刷、牙粉等菌斑控制用具的国家之一,在世界牙周病学的发展史上有着重要的地位。 相似文献
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Ruo-ning Wang Hua-cong Zhao Jian-yu Huang Hong-lan Wang Jun-song Li Yin Lu Liu-qing Di 《中草药(英文版)》2021,13(1):78-89
Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs), with a history of thousands of years, are widely used clinically with effective treatment. However, the drug delivery systems(DDSs) for TCMs remains major challenges due to the characteristics of multi-components including alkaloids, flavones, anthraquinones, glycosides,proteins, volatile oils and other types. Therefore, the novel preparations and technology of modern pharmaceutics is introduced to improve TCM therapeutic effects due to instability and low bioavailability of active ingredients. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the radix and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(Danshen in Chinese), is a well known Chinese herbal medicine for protecting the cardiovascular system, with active ingredients mainly including lipophilic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids.In this review, this drug is taken as an example to present challenges and strategies in progress of DDSs for TCMs. This review would also summary the characteristics of active ingredients in it including physicochemical properties and pharmacological effects. The purpose of this review is to provide inspirations and ideas for the DDSs designed from TCMs by summarizing the advances on DDSs for both singleand multi-component from Danshen. 相似文献
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王晨霞 《中华养生保健(上半月)》2008,(1):46-47
百谷养生粥[原料]百合干3片、黑豆7粒、黄豆7粒、绿豆7粒、玉米7粒、荞麦2克、红豆7粒、大米1克、小米1克、紫糯米1克、高粱米1克、蜀米1克、小黄米1克、糜子米1克、莲子5粒、葵花子7粒、南瓜子7粒、薏仁米2克、花生7克、核桃2个(取出桃仁用)、大枣2个、黑芝麻2克、白芝麻2克、人参果2个、干山药片1片、首乌粉7克、山楂2片、葡萄干7粒、枸杞子7粒、 相似文献
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1 脾胃与人体阴阳平衡 脾具有主运化、主升清、主统血作用,称为"仓廪之官"(《素问·灵兰秘典论》、"仓廪之本"(《素问·六节藏象论》).脾脏功能的发挥有赖于脾之阴阳.如缪仲淳《先醒斋医学广笔记》说:"胃气弱则不能纳,脾阴亏则不能消".万密斋《养生四要》说:"受水谷之入而变化者,脾胃之阳也,散水谷之气而成营卫者,脾胃之阴也."《血证论》说:"脾阳不足,水谷固不化,脾阴不足,水谷仍不化也."胃主受纳和腐熟水谷,饮食物在胃中,初步消化,形成食糜,将精微物质游行布散,上输于脾,通过脾之运化,散精归肺,供养周身. 相似文献
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盆腔炎临床表现为下腹疼痛,伴发热或高热、寒颤、头痛、食欲不振,下腹包块及局部压迫刺激感.腰酸胀痛,白带多,月经不调,经量时多时少,夹瘀血块.或排尿困难,尿频急,或腹泻,里急后重,排便困难.笔者近年来用少腹逐瘀汤治疗盆腔炎56例,取得较满意效果,现总结如下. 相似文献
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先父俞长荣擅长应用参苓白术散治疗慢性腹泻。方中薏苡仁,能利水渗湿、健脾止泻。其应用要点为:舌苔白腻或黄腻,大便不成形,或多黏液。本品功力和缓,尚需根据病情,合理配伍,如与荷叶配伍,其升清降浊、健脾祛湿之功益佳。若偏于湿盛,配合茯苓;偏于湿热,配合铁苋;偏于脾虚,配合参、术;脾虚及肾,配合山药、补骨脂;兼夹食积,配合山楂、神曲。此外, 相似文献
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患者,女,46岁,菲律宾人,其丈夫60岁,新西兰人,结婚10年,夫妻同住,性生活正常,未能生育。为了生育子女,他们先后到过世界多个国家寻医问诊,均未能如愿。5年前到美国一家大医院接受试管婴儿治疗,先后在女方采集了6个成熟的卵子,与其丈夫的精子结合成受精卵,寄存在该医院的精子库,并在该月的排卵期把受精卵植于子宫中。但因女方的雌激素水平偏低,子宫的供血不良,宫内环境不宜胚胎着床、生长,故2个月后流产。半年后再次把受精卵植于子宫中又告流产。美国医生建议她先到中国寻求针灸治疗,改善子宫的内环境,为受精卵的着床生长创造良好条件。她于2004年1月来到中国广州,就诊于我院门诊。视其面色晦暗,舌质淡、苔薄白,脉沉细,诊断为不孕症。 相似文献
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流感样综合征 患者发热、寒战、全身不适,肌痛、头痛等,有时还可出现鼻塞、流涕、头晕、尿急等,而以发热最为常见[1].西医往往采用解热镇痛药如阿司匹林、安痛定之属,长期使用可以诱发溃疡出血;以上症状属于中医营卫不和或气分热甚,治以清热凉血、解表和营为法,方以当归拈痛汤加味[2],方中羌活透关节,防风散风湿为君,升麻、葛根味薄引而上行,苦以发之,白术甘温和平,苍术辛温雄壮,健脾燥湿为臣.温热和合,肢节烦痛可解,苦参、黄芩、知母、茵陈苦寒以泄之,酒炒以为因用;血雍不流则为痛,当归辛温以散之,人参、甘草甘温,补养正气,使苦寒不伤脾胃;治湿不利小便,非其治也,猪苓、泽泻甘淡咸平,导其留饮为佐. 相似文献
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目的采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法建立桂枝茯苓胶囊(GFC)中29种无机元素(Li、Be、B、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Cd、Sn、Sb、Ba、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi)的测定方法。方法 GFC样品以浓硝酸为消解试剂经微波消解后,以Ge、In元素为内标,以灌木枝叶标准物质作为质控标准物质,采用ICP-MS法测定其中29种无机元素含量。结果待检测的29种无机元素在各的自线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 4;各元素的检出限在0.012~4.105μg/L,定量限在0.045~14.500μg/L,平均加样回收率在79.88%~105.76%,RSD≤4.55%。测定的12批样品中Ca、Na、Mg含量较高,均超过300μg/g;Fe、Mn、Sr含量也相对较高,而有害元素Be、As、Cd、Sb、Hg、Tl、Bi含量相对较低,均在0.030μg/g以下。结论该方法操作简便,分析速度快,灵敏度高,适用于GFC中无机元素的测定。 相似文献
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Objective: To investigate the biological basis of qi, blood and vessel in immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) patients with syndrome of qi failing to govern blood(SQFGB) based on traditional Chinese medicine.Methods: A total of 52 ITP patients with SQFCB were enrolled and divided into bleeding group(38 cases) and non-bleeding group(14 cases).Bleeding group was further divided into mild qi deficiency group(25 cases) and moderate/severe qi deficiency group(13 cases) based on Chinese Medicine syndrome score.20 healthy volunteer were recruited as control group.The count of platelet(PLT) was taken as the blood related indicator.The expressions of cytokines including IL-1β, IL-17 A, TNF-α, CD40 L, and TGF-β, detected by Aim Plex Multiple Immunoassays for Flow, were taken as the qi related indicators.The expressions of VEGF-A, detected by Aim Plex Multiple Immunoassays for Flow and NO, NOS, and ET-1 detected by ELISA, were taken as the vessel related indicators.Results: As compared to the control group, the count of PLT, taken as the blood related indicator, was significantly lower in ITP group patients with SQFCB(P<0.05).The expression levels of IL-17 A and TNF-α, taken as the qi related indicators, were significantly higher, while those of CD40 L, IL-1β, and TGF-β, also taken as the qi related indicators, were significantly lower in ITP patients with SQFCB, respectively(P<0.05).The expression levels of NO and ET-1, taken as the vessel related indicators, were significantly higher, while the expression levels of NOS and VEGF-A also taken as the vessel related indicators, were significantly lower in ITP patients with SQFCB, respectively(P<0.05).The count of PLT, taken as the blood related indicator, was significantly lower in moderate/severe group than those in mild group(P<0.05).The expression levels of CD40 L and TGF-β, taken as the qi related indicators, were also significantly lower in moderate/severe group than those in mild group, respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion: The count of PLT might be the biological basis of blood.The expressions of NO, NOS, ET-1 and VEGF-A might be the biological basis of vessel.The expressions of IL-1β, IL-17 A, TNF-α, TGF-β, and CD40 L may be the biological basis of qi.The expressions of CD40 L and TGF-β could reflect the degree of qi deficiency in ITP patients based on the theory of qi and blood. 相似文献
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目的采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定天麻中As、Ba、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ga、Hg、Mg、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Se、Sn、Sr、Ti、Tl、V 20种元素的量。方法采用浓硝酸与双氧水作为混合溶剂,结合微波消解处理天麻样品。经过仪器工作条件的优化,进行了方法学考察,并测定了30批不同产地天麻样品中20种元素的量。结果 20种待测元素的线性关系良好(r≥0.998 2),重复性试验RSD均≤6.34%,稳定性试验RSD均≤6.00%,精密度试验RSD均≤5.78%,加样回收率在91.62%~108.10%,RSD均≤5.21%。结论该方法具有前处理简便、多种元素同时测定、分析速度快、灵敏度高、准确度高、精密度好等优点,可为天麻中元素的快速分析以及药材质量评价提供技术支持和科学依据。 相似文献
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Lu Yang Jia-Bao Liao An-Qi Liu Xi Chen Fei Qu Huan-Tian Cui Jing Miao 《传统医学研究(英文版)》2021,6(3):133-146
Liver diseases are gradually becoming a serious threat to human health worldwide.Although a number of medications have been introduced for the prophylaxis,diagnosis,and treatment of liver diseases,several limitations and challenges remain.Traditional Chinese medicine is frequently used to treat liver diseases and well known to protect hepatocytes and inhibit inflammation,oxidative stress,and fibrosis.However,given the complex composition of traditional Chinese medicine,clarifying the mechanisms behind its curative and protective effects is difficult.In this review,research progress on traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver diseases in 2020 is summarized on the basis of the literature available in the PubMed database.Herbal extracts derived from traditional Chinese medicine,including flavonoids,polysaccharides,saponins,and alkaloids,and Chinese medicinal formulas,such as the classic decoctions Chaihu Shugan powder,Linggui Zhugan decoction,and Huanglian Jiedu decoction,have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in liver disease treatment.We summarized the findings of several studies on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbs used for liver disease treatment in 2020,focusing mainly on their ability to confer antiviral effects to treat hepatitis,regulate antioxidant levels and apoptosis to treat liver injury,inhibit inflammation and improve dysfunctions in amino acids and energy metabolism to treat alcoholic liver disease,reduce hepatic lipid deposition to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,promote activated hepatic stellate cells to treat liver fibrosis,inhibit the proliferation or promote the apoptosis of liver cancer cells to treat hepatocellular carcinoma,and improve bile acid metabolism to treat cholestasis. 相似文献
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The“nine cycles of steaming and shining”,“nine making”,“nine turns”and“nine cycles of calcining and quenching”methods that are recorded and used since ancient times are merely one aspect of the unique processing methods of traditional Chinese medicine.Inducing the Chinese medicine processing method“nine cycles of steaming and shining”from historical review and summarizing the practical wisdom based on the canonical aspects of traditional Chinese medicine and the experiences of ancient Chinese medicine sages to promote the new development of traditional Chinese medicine.After the long-term and multiple“nine”processing,the materials of traditional Chinese medicine exhibit significant beneficial changes in terms of taste,efficacy,and chemical composition contents,thus emphasizing that Chinese medicine processing plays a significant role in their efficacy enhancement and toxicity reduction.Heshouwu(Polygoni Multiflori Radix),Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix),Huangjing(Rhizoma Polygonati),Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei),and Xixiancao(Herba Siegesbeckiae)are representatives of Chinese medicinal materials prepared using the“nine-system”processing method.This review discovers the aim and the molecular mechanism of“nine”processing of the abovementioned herbs from the viewpoints of modern pharmacochemistry and pharmacology to provide a theoretical support for the“nine”processing method of traditional Chinese medicine and to promote the international market of traditional Chinese medicine. 相似文献
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Xiang-Long Meng Bo Wang Xiao-Yan Zhang Chen-Zi Lyu Xiao-Juan Su Chen-Xu Ning Shuo-Sheng Zhang 《传统医学研究(英文版)》2021,6(1):63-73
Background:Traditional Chinese medicines are usually processed before they are used for clinical treatment.This is done in a way associated with the Maillard reaction.Methods:Based on the Maillard reaction,this paper analyzed the degree of processing of rehmannia root(Rehmanniae radix)relative to the dynamic variation rules of Maillard reaction index parameters,including pH,A420,amino acids,and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.Furthermore,this study introduced thermal analysis techniques and pyrolysis kinetics to assess the influence of the correlation between processing raw rehmannia root and the Maillard reaction during carbonization.It then went through the whole process of transforming the raw material to end-product in order to explain the scientific connotation of processing it.Results:The results showed that each time rehmannia root was processed,its pH value and amino acid content decreased,while the A420 value and 5-HMF increased.Processing with wine shows a significant difference in these experimental indexes.The position and intensity of the maximum thermal weight loss rate peak of processed rehmannia root at different degrees of processing are different.Comprehensive quantitative 221±0.2°C for processed rehmannia root carbonization was the processing temperature limit.Moreover,the kinetic solution verified that the activation energy corresponding to the carbonization temperature was close to the maximum value of the activation energy of the whole carbonization process,and the optimal mechanism function was g(α)=((1−α)−1/3−1)2.Conclusion:The Maillard reaction occurred during the processing of rehmannia root mixed with carbonization.With each increase of the number of steaming and drying cycles involved in the processing,the level of Maillard reaction increased significantly.The wine-steaming method had a significant effect on the quality of the processed product. 相似文献
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失眠症是指不易入寐,睡梦易惊,或昼夜不得眠。即患者大脑兴奋性提高,造成睡眠时间减少或睡眠不深的一种症状,是临床常见病、多发病。病因主要是精神因素,如焦虑、紧张、惊恐等,此外消化不良、高血压、动脉硬化等也易导致大脑皮层调节功能失衡,而以兴奋占优势,破坏了高级神经的正常规律而出现失眠。近年来,随着人们生活节奏的加快, 相似文献
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