对便秘患者的护理援助

目的 :探讨有效解除便秘的方法 ,避免便秘可能诱发的危险。方法 :采取调节饮食 ,促进胃肠蠕动 ,适当运动 ,建立良好的排便习惯 ,创造适宜的排便环境 ,用灌肠法与排便药物及人工取便等综合援助措施。结果 :有效解除便秘。结论 :因人而异 ,实施有针对性的护理援助 ,解除患者痛苦的同时 ,增进了护患之间的合作与了解 ,体现了整体护理的医学模式 ,提高了护理服务质量。     

Nutritional support of cats with triaditis

Triaditis is a term used to describe the presence of concurrent inflammation of the pancreas, liver and small intestine. The condition is thought to be more prevalent in cats due to their anatomy, although the aetiology of triaditis remains unclear. The management of triaditis and its components includes a range of treatments, with nutritional support playing an important role. The diet of choice will depend on the presence and severity of the components of triaditis, but regardless of this, it is important that all patients receive prompt and adequate nutritional support, with early implementation of assisted feeding if required.     

脑卒中伴吞咽障碍患者营养支持及护理

吞咽障碍是脑卒中的常见并发症,随着脑卒中发病率逐年升高而日益增多。脑卒中后吞咽障碍发生率在22%～65%,甚至更高[1]。程度轻者出现吞咽不畅感、误咽;重者易发生营养障碍、多脏器功能衰竭,严重影响患者生活质量,增加了致残率及病死率。积极进行营养支持护理,有利于改善患者预后,促进患者早期康复。     

The benefits of peer support with diabetes

TOPIC: Peer coaching for diabetes support. purpose. To see if peer coaching assists a person with diabetes make the correct diet and activity choices. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: Journal articles, Internet. CONCLUSIONS: Peer support is helpful for people who are struggling to cope with diabetes. If peer support is offered, a structured follow-up program needs to be in place.     

Providing psychological support for patients with cancer

This article focuses on the communication skills required to provide psychological support to cancer patients. The article explores factors that reduce the effectiveness of communication skills in the practice environment and indicates how nurses can improve their ability to be supportive.     

Decision-making support for inpatients with learning disabilities

Many people with learning disabilities are able to make their own healthcare decisions, but some lack the mental capacity to do so. This article discusses how the Mental Capacity Act can be used to guide decision-making for people with learning disabilities in hospital, and ensure all decisions are made in the patient's best interests.     

Community nursing support for clients with schizophrenia

A true experimental, posttest only, control group design was used to pilot test the effectiveness of a telephone nursing intervention in increasing community survival, and decreasing the number and length of rehospitalizations for persons with schizophrenia. The vulnerability model was used as a framework for the study. The intervention was hypothesized to function as a moderating factor to reduce the effects of stress on vulnerable persons with schizophrenia. Experimental subjects received telephone nursing intervention weekly for 3 months; control subjects received informational calls at weeks 6 and 12. Readmission rates were 13% (n = 2) for experimental subjects and 23% (n = 5) for controls. Compared with controls, experimental subjects experienced a 4% increase in community survival and a 27% reduction in length of stay if readmission occurred. These preliminary data suggest that telephone intervention can increase community survival in persons with schizophrenia. Future studies should focus on increasing sample size and refining the intervention.     

Social support among persons with multiple sclerosis

The source and magnitude of perceived social support functions and structure were examined in relation to illness duration, gender, and presence or absence of spouses among 200 persons with multiple sclerosis. The associations between social support variables and a health index, ADL level of functioning, also were examined. Significant gender differences were shown for perceived availability of affect, affirmation, and aid functions. A significant change in the network property, average frequency of relationships, occurred over the chronic illness trajectory. Low to moderate correlations were observed between a number of activities of daily living and both perceived social support functions and network size, particularly for women. Implications for professional staff who provide health services for persons with MS are presented. Further study regarding lower levels of perceived social support in women than men and low levels of informational support in both men and women is suggested.     

Understanding social support for patients with cancer

This article considers some of dimensions of social support that can impact on the quality of life of people with cancer, their carers and their family.     

Nutritional support for children with epidermolysis bullosa

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) comprises a rare group of genetically determined skin blistering disorders characterized by extreme fragility of the skin and mucous membranes, with recurrent blister formation. The cornerstones of management are control of infection, wound management, pain relief, promotion of optimal nutritional status and mobility, surgical intervention and provision of the best possible quality of life. There is currently no cure for EB and, throughout life, those with the more severe types are at risk of significant nutritional compromise which impacts negatively on health and overall quality of life. Nutritional support is an important facet of holistic care and the dietetic challenges can be considerable. This paper describes some of the issues involved in optimizing the nutritional status of children with this disorder.     

Information and support for people with eczema

Growing concern at the increase in eczema sufferers, has led the National Eczema Society to collaborate with nurses and skincare specialists to produce information and support for sufferers and carers alike, which will enable them to manage their condition better.     

Nutritional support for patients with infected wounds

Many factors affect wound healing, including nutritional status and recent nutritional intake. Patients with infected wounds have increased requirements for nutrients and often have a reduced food intake. It is therefore important that nutritional status is carefully considered, and all patients should be screened for malnutrition using a nutrition screening tool. Nutrition plans should aim to provide sufficient energy while maintaining good glycaemic control, adequate protein and hydration, and a minimum of 100% reference nutrient intake for micronutrients. Measures required to achieve this will vary, as all patients should be assessed on an individual basis.