单枚腰椎间融合器配合椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗腰椎不稳症

目的 探讨腰椎后路减压单枚椎间融合器配合椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗腰椎不稳症的临床疗效.方法 从2005年4月至2009年4月,对38例腰椎不稳症的患者均行后路减压单枚椎间融合器配合椎弓根螺钉内固定术.结果 38例患者经随访12～36个月(平均18个月),患者症状均消失,腰椎高度无丢失,无断钉、断棒并发症.术后椎间融合标准按...     

腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症和腰椎管狭窄症手术方式的选择

目的：探讨腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症和腰椎管狭窄症治疗方法的选择。方法：应用后路椎弓根螺钉固定不稳节段,开窗间盘切除、横突间植骨融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症26例,椎管减压、椎间融合器融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎管狭窄症29例,比较不同手术的时间、出血量、疗效及并发症。结果：后路椎弓根螺钉固定、椎管减压术、椎间融合器融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎管狭窄症手术时间长、出血量最多,手术效果良好,术后腰腿痛基本缓解,可长时间步行,所有29例患者椎间植骨均融合;26例患者后路椎弓根螺钉固定、开窗间盘切除、横突间植骨融合术治疗腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症者平均复位丢失率为8.3%,其中3枚螺钉松动、1例螺钉断裂。结论：腰椎不稳症合并腰椎间盘突出症者宜选用后路椎弓根螺钉固定不稳节段,开窗间盘切除,横突间植骨融合术;腰椎不稳症合并腰椎管狭窄症者宜选用后路椎弓根螺钉固定不稳节段,椎管减压,椎间融合器融合术。     

椎弓根钉系统联合椎间植骨或融合器治疗退变性腰椎不稳症42例

目的:探讨椎弓根钉系统联合椎间融合器或椎间单纯植骨治疗退变性腰椎不稳症的临床疗效.方法:对42例退变性腰椎不稳症患者采用后路椎弓根钉系统固定加椎间融合器或椎间单纯植骨治疗.结果:全部获得随访,时间6～66个月;术后4～6个月可见植骨灶骨性融合征象,无螺钉断裂,患者腰痛、下肢痛均明显缓解.优31例,良9例,可2例,优良率为95.2%.结论:椎弓根钉系统加椎间融合是治疗退行性腰椎不稳症的有效方法.     

单枚椎间融合器加椎弓根螺钉治疗峡部裂型腰椎滑脱

目的探讨腰椎管减压,单枚椎间融合器后路置入,椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗峡部裂型腰椎滑脱的临床疗效。方法对14例Ⅱ～Ⅲ度峡部裂型腰椎滑脱的患者行经后路椎管减压,椎体间置入自体骨及斜向置入单枚融合器,椎弓根螺钉内固定术。结果14例患者均在8～20个月,平均12个月随访。所有患者术后8—12个月均获得骨性融合,其中1例术后1年发生椎弓根螺钉断钉,但椎体间骨块融合。结论腰椎管减压,单枚椎间融合器后路斜向置入椎间植骨,椎弓根镙钉内固定术可达到减轻术前症状,提供术后腰椎即刻稳定,远期达到腰椎椎体间骨性融合是治疗峡部裂型腰椎滑脱的有效方法。     

次全椎板减压、单枚Cage联合椎弓根钉内固定术治疗腰椎不稳症

目的评价次全椎板减压、单枚Cage联合椎弓根钉治疗腰椎不稳症的临床疗效。方法选择2008年1月-2011年1月间采用次全椎板减压、单枚Cage联合椎弓根钉内固定治疗的26例腰椎不稳患者进行回顾性研究。26例均为单节段病变,术后定期随访,比较术前及术后相对椎间隙高度,按邱勇所提出的标准观察融合情况。采用JOA及ODI评分进行评估。结果所有患者获随访,术后相对椎间隙高度与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);末次随访融合率为100%。JOA评分由术前(6.94±4.03)分上升到末次随访时的(12.13±3.37)分;ODI评分由术前(52.61±6.75)分降至末次随访(6.42±2.39)分。结论次全椎板减压、单枚Cage联合椎弓根钉内固定术是一种治疗腰椎不稳的有效方法。     

椎间植骨融合内固定治疗腰椎滑脱的疗效分析

目的探讨椎间植骨融合内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法 36例腰椎滑脱患者应用后路减压椎间植骨融合椎弓根钉棒内固定手术治疗,术中应用椎间融合器进行椎间融合、维持椎间隙高度,对滑脱椎体及其下位椎体行椎弓根钉固定。结果 34例患者术后滑脱完全复位,2例术后残留Ⅰ°滑脱。34例患者获得随访8～24个月,平均14.5个月,术后疗效评价优30例、良4例,34例患者椎间达到坚强融合。结论椎间植骨融合椎弓根钉棒内固定手术治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效理想、椎间融合率高,是较好的治疗方法。     

经多裂肌与竖脊肌间隙单侧腰椎椎弓根钉固定椎间融合术治疗退变性腰椎不稳症

目的探讨经多裂肌与竖脊肌间隙单侧腰椎椎弓根钉固定椎间融合术治疗退变性腰椎不稳症的临床效果。方法采用微创后路单边椎弓根钉及椎间融合器治疗需行内同定融合手术的退行性腰椎不稳患者28例。手术方法均采用经多裂肌与竖脊肌间隙单侧显露,单侧置人椎弓根钉,经椎间孔入路放入单枚cage。根据VAS评分及ODI评分法评估术后疗效。结果手术时间平均120.6min,术中出血量平均182.4ml。随访时间平均12个月。术后3个月及末次随访时VAS及ODI评分较术前明显改善。所有病例术中无硬膜囊损伤,术后无脑脊液漏、神经损伤、切口感染、椎间隙感染、内固定松动或断裂等并发症。结论多裂肌与竖脊肌间隙单侧腰椎椎弓根钉固定椎间融合术方法简单,可明显减少显露时间,术中术后出血减少、手术时间缩短,同时保留了大部分中后柱结构,对脊柱结构破坏少,稳定性高,对神经根及硬膜囊干扰小,并发症少。术后可早期下床活动,功能恢复快,是治疗退行性腰椎不稳可供选择的较好方法。     

椎弓根螺钉加单枚Cage融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨椎管减压椎弓根钉加单枚Cage融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2010年12月采用椎板切除减压、后路椎弓根钉固定加单枚Cage植入融合治疗腰椎滑脱患者19例,观察术前、术后和随访期间Taillard指数、腰骶关节角、椎间高度指数的变化。结果19例均获随访,时间18～60个月（平均28个月）,术后1周及术后1．5年Taillard指数、椎间隙高度、滑脱角、腰椎生理前凸角与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。本研究优良率为94．7％（18／19）,融合率为100％,无神经根损伤,无内固定松动和断裂,Cage融合器位置形态无改变。结论椎管减压,椎弓根钉固定,单枚Cage融合器治疗腰椎滑脱,复位满意,效果良好。     

椎弓根螺钉结合椎间植骨融合治疗30例腰椎滑脱症

目的:探讨后路椎弓根钉棒系统结合椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法:选取本院收治腰椎滑脱症患者30例,所有患者均行后路椎弓根螺钉棒系统复位、减压、椎间植骨融合器融合后固定。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访1个月~2年,平均1年。根据NaKai评分标准,本组优18例,良8例,可4例,优良率为86.7%。结论:后路椎弓根钉棒系统结合椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症,复位良好、神经减压彻底,有效地预防了神经根管狭窄、术后断钉和滑脱复发等并发症,临床效果满意。     

椎弓根钉固定及椎间融合器治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳

目的:总结腰椎间盘突出髓核摘除术后相邻椎体间椎弓根钉固定及椎间融合器应用的临床经验,提高腰椎间盘突出合并腰椎不稳的治疗水平。方法:2003年5月~2006年9月,我院采用椎弓根螺钉固定及椎间融合器治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳43例,其中男性28例,女性15例。结果:术后随访6~39月,平均16月,疗效判定按macnab标准[1],优良40例,可2例,差1例,优良率93.0%,无1例出现断钉和松动。结论:在诊断明确的基础上,腰椎间盘突出合并腰椎不稳采用椎弓根钉固定及椎间融合器的治疗具有良好的临床效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.