共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
目的分析昆明市官渡区2000~2009年糖尿病早死所致疾病负担的时间趋势。方法以早死所致生命损失年(yearsoflifelost,YLL)作为糖尿病疾病负担的测量单位,采用3%的贴现率但不采用年龄权重分年份、性别、年龄组和文化程度比较糖尿病的标化每千人口YLL率。结果从2000~2009年间,糖尿病的死亡率和YLL率随时间起伏波动,但2009年糖尿病的死亡率和YLL率均明显高于2000年。连续10年来,女性的糖尿病死亡率和YLL率均高于男性;糖尿病早死所致疾病负担以60岁及以上人群组和小学及以下文化程度者为主,且小学及以下文化程度者糖尿病每千人口YLL率所占的比例随时间呈上升趋势,而60岁及以上人群组糖尿病每千人口YLL率所占的比例则随时间起伏波动。结论应重点加强该地区女性、文化程度较低者以及老年人糖尿病的防治工作,以降低糖尿病的早死疾病负担。 相似文献
2.
利用早死所致生命损失年评价大兴县人群的主要卫生问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 利用死因监测资料寻找大兴县人群的主要卫生问题。分析各死亡评价指标的不同。方法 采用死亡率和死因构成,潜在寿命损失年(PYLL),早死所致生命损失年(YLLs)指标分别进行死因顺位。结果 按死因构成排序,前五位死因为脑血管病,心脏病,恶性肿瘤,呼吸系病,损伤中毒;按PYLL排序前五位死因为损伤中毒,脑血管病,恶性肿瘤,心脏病,呼吸系病;按YLLs排序前五位死因为脑血管病,损伤中毒,心脏病,恶性肿瘤、呼吸系病。结论 大兴县的主要卫生问题为损伤中毒和慢性非传染性疾病;全面地评价一个地区的主要卫生问题,须将各种统计指标综合分析。 相似文献
3.
目的研究中国乙型病毒性肝炎的健康寿命损失。方法采用DALY指标2005年全国乙型病毒性肝炎损失的健康寿命。结果乙型病毒性肝炎的DALY值是26919.38人年,其中死亡与残疾的疾病负担之比为1∶3.76;DALY值男性均高于女性,20岁出现高峰,15~55年龄组为乙型病毒性肝炎的高危人群;中国八大分区中除西北地区稍偏高,居首位达0.042人年/千人,华南地区和黄河中游地区次之,其余地区差别不明显,高低地区之比为3.5∶1。结论乙型病毒性肝炎不仅因死亡导致健康寿命年的损失,而且由于疾病造成的残疾而导致的损失更大,给人群和社会带来沉重的负担。 相似文献
4.
目的:探究居民循环系统疾病的健康生命损失情况;方法:统计近年来我市居民因循环系统疾病死亡数据,应用SPSS20.0进行统计分析;结果:近年来我市居民循环系统疾病的死亡率、标化死亡率均在住你那上升,随着年龄的增长也循环系统疾病死亡率呈现增高的趋势;结论:我市居民因循环系统疾病是影响健康和生命的第一位因素,需要采取行之有效的措施来预防及控制疾病的发生,提升人们的健康水平. 相似文献
5.
目的 量化逐日温度对重庆市人群死亡率及寿命损失年(YLL)的影响。方法 利用2010-2013年重庆市主城区全人群死亡个案资料,结合同期气象及空气污染资料,采用分布滞后非线性模型(DLNM)拟合逐日平均气温与逐日死亡数及逐日YLL的关系,分析高温和低温对不同疾病别、不同人群死亡率及YLL的累积滞后效应。结果 日均气温与非意外、心血管系统及呼吸系统疾病死亡的日死亡数和日YLL呈"U"或"W"形。高温当日可增加人群死亡风险,累积滞后效应在第7天时达到最大,持续2周;低温滞后1周后才表现出危害效应,持续时间长达30 d。高温时,日均气温每升高1 ℃,人群非意外、呼吸系统和心血管系统疾病死亡的7 d累积相对危险度(CRR)分别为1.05(95%CI:1.03~1.07)、1.08(95%CI:1.05~1.11)、1.05(95%CI:1.01~1.09),YLL分别为23.81(95%CI:12.31~35.31)年、14.34(95%CI:8.98~19.70)年、4.43(95%CI:1.64~7.21)年;低温时,日均气温每降低1 ℃,人群非意外死亡、呼吸系统和心血管系统疾病死亡的14 d CRR分别为1.06(95%CI:1.04~1.08)、1.09(95%CI:1.06~1.12)、1.06(95%CI:1.02~1.11);YLL分别为23.34(95%CI: 10.04~36.64)年、16.39(95%CI:10.19~22.59)年、2.61(95%CI:-0.61~5.82)年。高温和低温对≥65岁年龄组的影响明显大于<65岁年龄组。高温时,女性死亡率大于男性,男性的YLL大于女性;低温时,女性的死亡率和YLL均大于男性。结论 重庆市高温和低温均可增加人群的死亡风险和YLL,≥65岁年龄组的人群更敏感, 高温对年轻男性影响较大,低温对女性和老年男性影响较大,应有针对性保护极端温度敏感人群。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
为掌握通州市近 14年恶性肿瘤死亡分布特征与趋势 ,以及对人群寿命的影响 ,为制订有效防治措施提供科学依据。特进行了通州市 1986~ 1999年恶性肿瘤死亡分析研究。资料与方法1 死因资料 来源于通州市 (14 5万人口 ) 1986~1999年生命统计年报 ,1986年以来全市 (14 5万人口 )均实行死亡登记报告 ,由基层卫生人员登记上报的死亡报告卡统计汇总 ,定期与公安部门核实 ,每年进行两次漏报调查及死因准确性调查。2 人口资料 来源于通州市统计局统计年鉴。3 恶性肿瘤死因分类 按ICD 9分类。4 方法 用灰色预测模型〔1〕 进行死亡率预测。用… 相似文献
9.
哈尔滨市居民冠心病和脑卒中的疾病负担研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的研究哈尔滨市居民1999—2001年冠心痛和脑卒中的疾病负担.分析冠心痛和脑卒中对哈尔滨市不同人群的健康影响。方法用伤残调整生命年(DALY)作为疾病负担测量单位。结果1999—2001年哈尔滨市居民每千人冠心痛和脑卒中的疾病负担分别为12.44DALY、14.31DALY和15.61DALY。在年龄方面。93.00%的疾病负担由45岁以上人群承担,其中,70~75岁年龄组疾病负担比重最大;在性别方面,男性大于女性。结论哈尔滨市居民冠心痛和脑卒中近年有增加的趋势,应进一步加强对冠心病和脑卒中的防治工作。 相似文献
10.
目的 分析云南省通海县2006-2010年主要心脑血管疾病(高血压性疾病、脑卒中、缺血性心脏病)早死所致疾病负担的时间趋势.方法 采用2006-2010年通海县的全死因监测资料,以早死所致生命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)作为3种主要疾病负担的测量单位,采用3%的贴现率但不采用年龄权重分年份、性别和年龄组计算标化每千人口YLL率.结果 2006-2010连续5年,缺血性心脏病的死因顺位排在该地区的前10位.自2007年,脑卒中的死因顺位排在该地区的第1位.脑卒中和缺血性心脏病的标化YLL率均呈逐年上升趋势,而高血压性疾病的标化YLL率则随时间波动.3种心脑血管疾病的YLL率均以60岁以上组为最高,且不同年龄组的YLL率均随时间波动.3种心脑血管疾病男性和女性的YLL率均以脑卒中最高;女性脑卒中和高血压性疾病的YLL率均高于男性.结论 脑卒中和缺血性心脏病早死所致疾病负担呈逐年上升趋势,应采取措施降低其死亡危害. 相似文献
11.
Vlajinac H Marinkovic J Kocev N Sipetic S Bjegovic V Jankovic S Stanisavljevic D Markovic-Denic L Maksimovic J 《Public health》2008,122(3):277-284
OBJECTIVE: To provide an assessment of the mortality burden in Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohia). METHODS: The study was undertaken using data for Serbia, excluding Kosovo and Metohia, for the year 2000. Years of life lost (YLL), the mortality component of disability-adjusted life years, was determined from the average life expectancy at each age of death while discounting future years by 3% per annum. YLL was calculated using life expectancy at that age based on standard life tables, with life expectancy at birth fixed at 82.5 years for females and 80.0 years for males. RESULTS: Premature mortality was responsible for 814,022 YLL, after discounting future years at 3% per annum and weighting for age. Males lost 462,050 years and females lost 351,972 years. Cardiovascular diseases and cancers dominated the burden of premature mortality. Ischaemic heart disease was the leading single cause of YLL for males, followed by stroke, lung cancer, inflammatory heart disease, self-inflicted injuries, road traffic accidents, colorectal and stomach cancers, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Each contributed over 10,000 YLL. For females, cerebrovascular disease was the leading cause of YLL, followed by ischaemic heart disease, breast and lung cancer, and diabetes mellitus. YLL due to premature death gives greater weight to those conditions that affect younger people. Consequently, a ranking of diseases by YLL differs from a ranking based on unadjusted numbers of deaths. In comparison with data from the Global Burden of Disease study (2000) for the world population and the EURO-A region, the mortality burden in Serbia is closer to that in developed than developing countries. Standardization was performed using the direct method, with the world population used as the standard. CONCLUSIONS: The national health priority areas, relevant to the mortality burden, should include cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes mellitus, self-inflicted injuries and road traffic accidents. 相似文献
12.
Maria L. Alva Thomas J. Hoerger Ping Zhang Yiling J. Cheng 《Annals of epidemiology》2018,28(11):790-795
Purpose
To estimate state-level diabetes-attributable deaths and years of life lost (YLL) in the Unites States.Methods
We estimated diabetes-attributable all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by age, sex, and state, using the attributable fraction approach. Data on diabetes prevalence were collected from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Relative risks for people with and without diabetes were estimated using the National Health Interview Survey. State-sex-age–specific deaths were obtained from CDC WONDER. YLL were calculated by multiplying the number of people with diabetes by the difference in life expectancy between people with and without diabetes using the life table approach.Results
Nationally, estimated diabetes-attributable all-cause deaths and CVD deaths were 293,224 and 90,953, respectively. Diabetes resulted in a total of 109,707,000 YLL with an average 4.4 years of life lost per person with diabetes. Most state variation in total deaths was explained by state population size and diabetes prevalence. All-cause deaths ranged from 415 in Alaska to 28,538 in California, and CVD deaths ranged from 113 in Alaska to 8908 in California. Across all states, the average diabetes-attributable death rate per 100,000 was 125 for males and 105 for females for all-cause deaths and 40 for males and 31 for females for CVD deaths.Conclusions
Mortality attributable to diabetes is greatly underestimated when looking only at diabetes listed as an underlying cause of death. These results can be used to track state differences in deaths due to diabetes and to monitor the success of public health activities. 相似文献13.
目的 分析江苏省无锡市2008—2019年跌倒死亡导致的疾病负担及对期望寿命的影响,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法 利用2008—2019年无锡市全人群死因监测数据,计算跌倒死亡率和早死所致寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL),以平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change, AAPC)分析变化趋势及对期望寿命增量的贡献。结果 2008—2019年无锡市居民跌倒粗死亡率AAPC为7.0%(95%CI:4.8~9.4)(P<0.05)和标化死亡率AAPC为3.7%(95%CI:1.4~6.0)均呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。2008—2019年因跌倒死亡中,女性占比达到57.62%,略高于男性,且60岁及以上老年人占比达到89.98%。2008—2019年因跌倒死亡导致的期望寿命平均下降了0.11岁(6.43%),且对女性影响大于男性。2008—2019年全人群和60岁及以上老年人因跌倒死亡导致的YLL率均呈上升趋势,AAPC分别为3.3%(95%CI:1.2~5.5)(P<0.05)和4.5%(95%CI:2.0~7... 相似文献
14.
Years of life lost due to premature mortality in Italy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background: The assessment of the burden of disease (BOD) is necessary for sensibly allocating limited health-related resources. No such assessment is available currently for Italy. Methods: Global burden of disease (GBD) methods were used to analyse in detail the years of life lost (YLLs) component of BOD for the most important diseases contributing to premature mortality in Italy in 1998. YLLs were computed with and without age-weighting and discounting. YLLs were also analysed by gender, for Italy vs. the Euro-A region (a group of 26 European countries) defined in the 2000 update of the GBD Study, and for northern, central and southern Italy, the three traditionally demarcated regions of the country. Results: The use of YLLs yields a ranking of diseases by their relative contribution to mortality burden which differs from a ranking based purely on death counts. Although males contributed 58.5% and females 41.5% of the total mortality burden in terms of YLLs, using death counts the percentages for males and females were similar (50.6% M, 49.4% F). The leading cause of mortality burden, both in terms of YLLs and death counts, was ischaemic heart disease, followed by stroke and lung cancer. Several other conditions, however, had rankings that varied depending on the measure used. While cardiovascular diseases accounted for 31.7% and all cancers for 34.1% of YLLs, they were responsible, respectively, for 44.7 and 27.9% of death counts. The results for Italy generally corresponded with those obtained in GBD 2000 for EURO-A, but the proportion of the total mortality burden explained by the four leading causes is higher in Italy. For within Italy comparisons, there was a decreasing trend from north to south for all cancers and for several specific cancers. Conversely, a consistent increase in YLL rates from north to south was observed for stroke and hypertensive disease. Conclusions: This analysis of Italy's mortality burden represents the first phase in identifying Italy's total BOD. Simply establishing death counts and rates is no longer sufficient for a full understanding of a country's health status. 相似文献
15.
目的 评估气温对居民寿命损失年(YLL)的影响。方法 收集广州、珠海市居民逐日死亡和气象数据,采用分布滞后非线性模型分析气温对人群YLL风险的累积效应,以及广州和珠海市在高温(0~1 d)和低温(0~13 d)时对人群YLL累积风险大小。结果 广州和珠海市日均YLL值分别为1 928.0和202.5;两市气温与YLL之间呈现非线性关系。热效应表现急促,当天达到最大值;冷效应出现相对缓慢,滞后5 d达到最大效应,持续时间约2周;低温对人群的总效应大于高温;广州市低温对男性影响大于女性;两市高/低温对≥65岁人群的YLL风险均大于<65岁人群,患呼吸系统疾病人群的YLL风险大于患心血管疾病人群。结论 广州和珠海市高/低温均导致居民的YLL风险增加,其中低温影响更大。老年人及患呼吸系统和心血管疾病者为脆弱人群。 相似文献
16.
目的通过了解寿光市居民恶性肿瘤的死亡及减寿情况,为有效开展恶性肿瘤的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对寿光市2008--2012年居民恶性肿瘤死亡资料进行统计分析。结果寿光市2008--2012年居民恶性肿瘤死亡率为190.45/10万,标化死亡率为157.92/10万,居全死因第2位。男性死亡率为239.90/10万,标化死亡率为200.62/10万;女性死亡率为140.04/10万,标化死亡率为115.17/10万。死亡率随年龄增长而升高。合计减寿率为30.17%,减寿最高的5种恶性肿瘤全人群依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、白血病和脑瘤,合计减寿114865人年,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡减寿156417人年的73.44%。结论恶性肿瘤已成为寿光市居民死亡的重要原因,肺癌为减寿年数最高的恶性肿瘤,应从加强健康教育,建立良好生活方式人手,采取综合干预措施,预防和减少恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡,提高全人群预期寿命。 相似文献
17.
目的 了解无锡市气温在不同滞后日对非意外死亡(A00-R99)人数及寿命损失年的影响。 方法 收集无锡市区(2012-2017年)非意外死亡与气象数据资料,利用分布滞后非线性模型研究气温与非意外死亡人数及寿命损失年的关系,分析低温、高温在不同滞后日期对非意外死亡的累积效应。 结果 无锡市日均气温对非意外死亡效应曲线为"V"形,冷效应具有延迟性,在滞后3 d开始出现并持续14 d,热效应表现为急性效应,当天就出现。低温对人群总效应大于高温;不同年龄、性别对冷、热效应敏感性存在差异。 结论 低温和高温均可增加非意外死亡风险,冷效应起效慢且持续时间长,热效应急促,低温对人群影响更大。 相似文献