替罗非班给药时机对急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗临床效果影响

目的 探讨替罗非班给药时机对急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)临床效果的影响.方法 选取某医院自2015年9月至2018年8月收治的74例急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者为研究对象,所有患者均行PCI.根据替罗非班给药时机不同,将患者分入术前用药组(PCI前6 h内给药)和术后用药组(PCI后即刻给...     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者PCI术后并发症的护理

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后常见并发症的观察与护理.方法 选取共300例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,观察PCI术后并发症,总结常见并发症的种类、发病因素及护理方法.结果 通过严密观察,总结出再灌注心律失常、迷走神经反射、穿刺部位出血等是常见的术后并发症,及时发现并给予对症护理,配合治疗,患者症状能得到及时缓解,均康复出院.结论 加强急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者PCI术后病情观察,有助及时发现并发症,促进患者康复,提高手术成功率.     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死溶栓后早期PCI与直接PCI的疗效比较

目的 比较急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死溶栓后早期PCI与直接PCI的临床效果。方法 纳入2018年-2021年医院胸痛中心接诊的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行再灌注治疗的患者224例进行回顾性分析,溶栓后早期PCI组90例,发病12 h内接受溶栓治疗,溶栓后24 h内在本中心行PCI 87例,转上级医院行PCI 3例。直接PCI组134例,发病24 h内在本中心行直接PCI治疗。比较两组PCI术前血流再通率、术中慢血流和无复流发生率、血栓抽吸率、延迟支架率、院内不良事件发生率及PCI术后LVEF、NT-proBNP水平。结果 溶栓后早期PCI组较直接PCI组导丝通过前TIMI3级血流率更高(P<0.01),PCI术中慢血流/无复流发生率更低(P<0.01),术中需要血栓抽吸(P<0.05)和延迟支架情况更少(P<0.01),反映近期心功能的客观指标更好(P<0.05);两组急性心功能不全、恶性心律失常以及院内死亡发生率直接PCI组略高于溶栓后早期PCI组,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),溶栓后早期PCI组非致命性出血发生率要高于直接PCI组(P<...     

血栓抽吸联合冠状动脉内注射替罗非班对心肌再灌注的影响

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗中,血栓抽吸联合冠状动脉内注射替罗非班对心肌微循环的影响.方法 选择2008年4月至2010年6月诊断为急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死、接受直接PCI治疗患者184例,随机分为血栓抽吸联合冠状动脉内注射替罗非班组(A组,78例)和常规PCI及静脉滴注替罗非班...     

血小板凝集功能、纤维蛋白原水平与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后发生主要不良心脏事件相关性分析

目的 分析血小板凝集功能、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者行经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后发生主要不良心脏事件(MACE)的相关性。方法 选取柳州市人民医院2021年1—12月收治的行PCI治疗的106例STEMI患者为研究对象。随访6个月,根据患者是否发生MACE,将患者分入MACE组和非MACE组。比较两组患者的临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析STEMI患者PCI后发生MACE的危险因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估二磷酸腺苷(ADP)-血小板聚集率(PAR)、FIB及二者联合对STEMI患者PCI后发生MACE的预测效能。结果 106例患者中,24例发生MACE(22.64%,24/106;MACE组),82例未发生MACE(77.36%,82/106;非MACE组)。MACE组糖尿病史和Killp分级≥Ⅱ级比例、FIB和ADP-PAR水平高于非MACE组,左室射血分数低于非MACE组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。合并糖尿病、低左室射血分数、高FIB、高ADP-PAR是STEMI患者PCI后发生MACE的独立危险...     

血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb∕Ⅲa受体拮抗剂急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接PCI术中应用

目的：探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者的直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）中,应用血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb∕Ⅲa受体拮抗剂对患者预后的影响。方法：以2010-02～2011-08间入院,诊断为急性STEMI直接PCI患者共36例,术中术后均使用血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb∕Ⅲa受体拮抗剂,作为研究组。以2009-02～2010-01入院,诊断为急性STEMI并接受直接PCI的患者共48例,未使用血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb∕Ⅲa受体拮抗剂,作为对照组。比较两组术后即刻靶血管血流TIME分级情况心电ST段回落情况和严重心脏不良事件（MACE）的发生以及术后1周的射血分数。结果：研究组较对照组血流TIME3级明显增加,ST段完全回落比例增加,术后心功能改善,术后严重心脏不良事件（MACE）的发生减少。结论：急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接PCI中,应用血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb∕Ⅲa受体拮抗剂能有效降低血栓负荷,增加心肌的有效灌注,而且改善患者预后。     

国产可降解涂层雷帕霉素洗脱支架在冠心病介入中的应用评价

目的探讨国产可降解涂层雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架介入治疗冠心病的临床效果。方法将90例ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者按入院次序分为观察组与对照组,每组45例,观察组给予国产可降解涂层雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(EXCEL)介入治疗,对照组给予国产不可降解涂层雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(Cypher Select)介入治疗,比较两组患者疗效。结果两组患者在PCI成功率、置入支架数目、长度、术后支架内管腔丢失、节段内管腔丢失、支架内再狭窄发生率、节段内再狭窄发生率、MACE发生率均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论国产EXCEL与Cypher Select相比,两者对于冠心病患者的治疗均具有良好效果,但EXCEL并未降低术后患者再狭窄及血栓形成发生率。     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死静脉溶栓再通的患者采取择期PCI术治疗的临床分析

目的：观察择期经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）治疗急性ST抬高型心肌梗死（STAMI）的疗效.方法：回顾性分析我科2007-06～2010-06期间收治的急性ST抬高型心肌梗死患者接受静脉溶栓后再通的患者116例,其中接受择期PCI治疗者53例,未行PCI者65例为对照组,两组患者出院后均选用β受体阻滞剂氯吡格雷阿斯匹林、调脂类等药物,随访6个月,观察心血管事件的发生情况.结果：接受PCI治疗组心血管事件明显减少,随访期间无心源性猝死及再梗发生,心绞痛的发生率亦明显低于对照组（P＜0.01）.结论：静脉溶栓冠脉完全再通率低,此类患者择期PCI术能取得良好疗效.     

急性前壁心梗经皮冠状动脉血运重建术后ST段持续抬高对心梗晚期左室功能的影响

目的　探讨急性前壁心肌梗死行直接经皮冠状动脉血运重建术 (PCI)后心电图ST段持续抬高对心梗后晚期左室功能和临床预后的影响。方法　选择因急性前壁心肌梗死入院接受急诊PCI的患者 72例 ,动态观察PCI术前后心电图ST段的变化 ,以PCI术后 1hST段下降大于 5 0 %为ST段下降组 ,相反为ST段抬高组。应用超声心动图测定心梗后早期 (2～ 3周 )和晚期 (5～ 6个月 )左室功能和室壁活动异常的变化 ,并随访其间心血管事件的发生率。结果　ST段下降组 5 3例 (74 % ) ,ST段抬高组 19例(2 6 % )。心梗后早期两组间左室功能和室壁活动异常无明显差异 ;晚期ST段抬高组LVEF明显低于ST段下降组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而LVEDVI、LVESVI和VWMA积分均明显高于ST段下降组 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。随访期间ST段抬高组主要心血管事件的发生率略高于ST段下降组 ,但差异无统计学意义。ST段下降组梗死前心绞痛和直接支架术的比例明显高于ST段抬高组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　急性前壁心肌梗死成功直接PCI后ST段持续性抬高者心梗后晚期左室功能较差。有梗死前心绞痛和直接支架术者PCI术后ST段持续性抬高的发生率可能较低     

静脉溶栓再通的急性心梗患者择期PCI治疗的临床分析

目的：观察择期经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）急性ST抬高型心肌梗死（STAMI）的疗效。方法：分析2007-06～2010-06期间收治的急性ST抬高型心肌梗死患者接受静脉溶栓后再通的患者116例,其中接受择期PCI治疗者53例,未行PCI者65例为对照组,两组患者出院后均选用β受体阻滞剂氯吡格雷阿斯匹林、调脂类等药物,随访6个月,观察心血管事件的发生情况。结果：接受PCI治疗组心血管事件明显减少,随访期间无心源性猝死及再梗发生,心绞痛的发生率亦明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：静脉溶栓冠脉完全再通率低,此类患者择期PCI术能取得良好疗效。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.