关节镜下半月板全切除和部分切除的短期疗效比较

目的 比较关节镜下不同术式（半月板全切除和部分切除）治疗半月板损伤的短期疗效。方法374例膝关节稳定的半月板损伤患者（无合并关节内韧带损伤）在关节镜下行半月板切除或部分切除术,其中命切除组161例,部分切除组213例。Lysholm膝关节评分系统评价治疗效果并作手术前后及组间比较。结果全部获随访,时间10．40（28．2±3．4）个月。全切除组和部分切除组Ly—sholm评分分别从术前的（59．3±16．3）分和（57．2±18．0）分提高至随访时的（92．9±11．1）分和（93．7±7．7）分,手术前后功能比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）。术后膝关节功能的优良率达到96．27％和98．59％。两组间手术前后的Lyshohn评分比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论关节镜下治疗半月板损伤是一种安全有效的方法,半月板全切除和部分切除的短期治疗效果相似。     

关节镜下部分切除内侧和外侧半月板的近期疗效比较

目的 比较关节镜下半月板部分切除术治疗内外侧半月板损伤的近期疗效. 方法 2003年1月-2006年1月,207 例膝关节稳定的半月板损伤患者(无合并关节内韧带损伤)于关节镜下行半月板部分切除术.其中内侧半月板部分切除术(内侧组)115例,男50例,女65例;年龄14～78岁,平均46.9岁.左侧66例,右侧49例.其中26例外伤至手术时间 6 d～6个月,平均2.1个月.外侧半月板部分切除术(外侧组)92例,男18例,女74例;年龄16～62岁,平均41.1 岁.左侧57例,右侧35例.其中24例外伤至手术时间9 d～6个月,平均1.9个月.Lysholm膝关节评分系统评价治疗效果并作手术前后及组间比较. 结果 术后患者创口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、关节僵硬及软组织坏死等并发症.全部获随访 12～45 个月,平均 31.5 个月.内侧组及外侧组 Lysholm 评分从术前 (61.3±16.9) 和 (57.4±17.6) 分提高至随访时(95.0±7.9) 和 (93.3±7.4) 分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组间手术前后的 Lysholm 评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).内侧组膝关节功能优107例,良5例,中3例,优良率为 97.39%;外侧组优80例,良12例,优良率为100%. 结论 关节镜下部分切除术治疗半月板损伤是一种安全有效的方法,而部分切除术的近期治疗效果无差异.     

关节镜下治疗膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤的临床疗效

目的探讨关节镜下治疗膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤的方法及近期疗效。方法 2010年1月-2011年5月,收治38例(42膝)外侧盘状半月板损伤患者。男23例(24膝),女15例(18膝);年龄7～62岁,中位年龄32.8岁。病程7 d～40年,中位病程8.6个月。根据Watanabe盘状半月板分型标准,完全型22膝,不完全型19膝,Wrisberg型1膝。于关节镜下行半月板成形联合缝合术25例(28膝),半月板次全切除术12例(13膝),半月板全切除术1例(1膝)。术后早期开始肌力训练和关节活动练习。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者3～4周基本恢复正常活动。38例均获随访,随访时间12～18个月,平均14.3个月。无关节交锁及弹响症状;未出现再撕裂或因症状复发再手术的患者。术后3、6个月及1年膝关节屈曲及伸直活动范围均较术前显著改善(P<0.05);术后1年手术疗效按照Ikeuchi的评价方法,获优22膝,良16膝,可4膝,优良率为90.4%。术前及术后即刻、3、6个月、1年的Lysholm评分分别为(69.38±4.59)、(88.57±2.95)、(91.02±4.17)、(92.90±3.36)、(94.74±3.52)分,术后各时间点评分均较术前显著改善(P<0.05)。结论关节镜下治疗外侧盘状半月板损伤创伤小,能够精确切除或缝合失稳及破裂的半月板,最大限度保留半月板功能,延缓膝关节退变,术后配合正规康复训练可获得良好近期疗效。     

成形缝合术治疗外侧盘状半月板损伤的短期疗效

目的回顾分析关节镜下成形联合缝合修补术治疗不稳定外侧盘状半月板损伤的手术方法和短期疗效。方法采用关节镜下半月板成形缝合术治疗不稳定外侧盘状半月板损伤患者22例（24膝）,随访时采用Lysholm评分评价手术疗效。结果术后随访12～30个月,平均18．1个月。术前Lysholm评分（62．3±5．4）分;术后12个月（93．4±5．6）分（P〈0．05）,优良率为95．5％。结论只要手术指证掌握正确,采用关节镜下半月板成形联合缝合修补术治疗不稳定外侧盘状半月板手术效果良好。     

应用关节镜治疗膝关节盘状半月板的疗效分析

目的探讨关节镜下手术治疗膝关节盘状半月板损伤的疗效。方法对本院骨科在2006年1月～2009年6月收治23例膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤在关节镜下手术进行回顾性分析。根据盘状半月板损伤情况分别施行半月板全切除术和次全切除术11例,部分切除7例和半月板成形术5例。手术前和手术后6个月均采用Lysholm评分对膝关节功能进行评分。结果本组病人术后未发生切口感染,关节内感染,明显的关节积血,血管神经损伤和下肢静脉血栓形成等并发症。术后活得随访21例,随访时间8～28个月,平均13.2个月。所有患者术后膝关节疼痛及肿胀症状消失或明显减轻,关节活动恢复正常。手术前Lysholm评分为52～92分,平均为69.2分,手术后6个月提高至79～92分,平均为86.6分。手术前后Lysholm评分具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论关节镜技术治疗膝关节外侧盘状半月板具有损伤创伤小、手术时间短、术后恢复快等优点,是作为临床治疗膝关节盘状半月板的首选术式。     

膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤的关节镜下手术治——附77例病例报告

[目的]报告1组77例膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤的关节镜下手术治疗与疗效.[方法]1999年1月～2005年6月,本院共完成77例膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤的关节镜手术,手术采用常规髌下前内侧和前外侧入路,根据盘状半月板损伤情况进行半月板全切除术或成形术.其中21例(29.2%)患者行盘状半月板次全切除术和全切除术,13例(18.1%)患者行部分切除术,38例(52.8%)患者行半月板成形术.77例患者中,男39例(54.2%),女33例(45.8%),年龄8～51岁,平均(29.4±10.9)岁.有5例失访,72例患者随访时间12～44个月,平均(26.2±9.3)个月.手术前、后采用Lysholm评分对膝关节功能进行评定,并应用t检验进行统计学分析.[结果]所有病人术后膝关节疼痛及肿胀症状消失或明显减轻,活动度恢复正常.全部患者术后无感染、血管神经损伤、关节活动受限等手术并发症.手术前Lysholm评分为50～78分,平均(66.8±5.2)分,手术后提高至85～100分,平均(96.4±3.6)分.经过student-t检验分析,手术前后Lysholm评分有非常显著性差异(t=34.7,P＜0.01).[结论]关节镜技术治疗膝关节外侧盘状半月板损伤创伤小、疗效佳,在保留半月板良好形态和生理功能,及减少患膝骨关节炎发生率方面有显著优点.     

关节镜下半月板切除与缝合修补治疗半月板桶柄样撕裂的临床对比研究

目的 通过对比分析关节镜下缝合修补术和半月板次全/全切除术治疗半月板桶柄样撕裂的临床疗效,探讨缝合修补治疗半月板桶柄样撕裂的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2009年1月经关节镜治疗的34例(34膝)半月板桶柄样撕裂患者,其中采用全内缝合或全内和外内联合缝合的患者15例(A组),男9例,女6例;平均年龄为(30.3±6.8)岁;受伤至手术时间平均为(10.6±3.8)d;内侧半月板损伤12例,外侧半月板损伤3例.同期采用半月板次全/全切除术19例(B组),男11例,女8例;平均年龄为(29.1±5.5)岁,受伤至手术时间平均为(10.2 ±2.8)d;内侧半月板损伤15例,外侧半月板损伤4例.记录两组的手术时间,并通过患者的症状、体征、关节活动度和Lysholm评分等比较两组患者疗效.结果 手术时间:A组为(71.3±8.8)min,B组为(45.7±9.4)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组患者术后获12～24个月(平均17.2个月)随访.术后6个月关节活动度A组平均为138.7°±5.1°,B组平均为136.0°±4.6°;术后12个月关节活动度A组平均为140.1°±3.1°,B组平均为139.8°±3.3°,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后6个月Lysholm评分A组平均为(90.1±7.1)分,B组平均为(89.9±6.9)分,差异元统计学意义(P>0.05);术后12个月Lysholm评分A组平均为(94.5 ±3.9)分,B组平均为(90.3±5.8)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),A组优于B组.结论 对于大型半月板撕裂,采用合适的缝合技术可使撕裂的全长段获得有效修补,能尽可能多地保留半月板的功能,临床疗效优于传统的半月板次全/全切除术.     

膝关节镜下治疗盘状半月板损伤

目的观察膝关节镜下手术治疗膝关节盘状半月板损伤的疗效。方法1999年7月～2003年6月,行膝关节镜下外侧盘状半月板成形术45例49膝(41例单侧,4例双侧),其中完全型32膝,不完全型17膝。常规关节镜检查,根据盘状半月板损伤状况,实施关节镜下盘状半月板部分切除术44膝(其中3膝同时做半月板缝合术)、盘状半月板全切除术5膝。术后早期开始肌力训练和关节活动练习。结果本组45例手术全部成功,无手术并发症。40例获1年8个月～5年7个月(平均3年3个月)的随访。根据Lysholm-Ⅱ评分系统做术前及随访时膝关节功能评定,术前评分平均55分(40～71分),随访时评分平均88分(60～100分),优良率为85.3%。结论膝关节镜下盘状半月板成形术是治疗盘状半月板损伤的最好方法之一,手术损伤小,恢复快,并发症少,可最大限度保存半月板结构和功能。配合正规的康复训练,可获得良好疗效。     

膝关节镜下半月板部分切除术疗效观察及护理

目的:探讨关节镜下半月板部分切除术的治疗效果及护理.方法:2009年9月～2011年01月,本院完成45例半月板损伤关节镜下手术,手术采用常规髌下前内侧和前外侧入路,根据镜下半月板损伤程度采用镜下技术进行生物学修复或部分切除,37例患者荻得随访,男19例(51%),女18例(49%),年龄28-35岁,,随访时间3～11个月.手术前、后采用Lysholm评分对膝关节功能进行评定,并应用配对t检验进行统计学分析.结果:手术前Lysholm评分为26～47分,平均(36.5)分,手术后提高至86～100分,平均(92.7)分.经过配对t检验分析,手术前后Lysholm评分有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:关节镜技术治疗半月板损伤具有创伤小、疗效好、并发症少、恢复快的显著优点.     

关节镜半月板成形术治疗半月板损伤109例

目的 探讨关节镜下半月板成形术治疗半月板损伤的临床疗效.方法 109例半月板损伤患者(138膝,无合并关节内韧带损伤)在关节镜下行半月板成形术,Lysholm膝关节评分系统评价治疗效果并作手术前后统计学分析.术后3、6、12、15、18个月定期随访.结果 术后膝关节功能优93例,良12例,可3例,差1例,优良率96.33%.按Lysholm膝关节功能评分标准:术前为39～48(46.7±3.6)分,术后18个月时为76～96(82.2±5.3)分,手术前后评分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 关节镜下半月板成形术治疗半月板损伤是一种安全有效的方法.     

关节镜技术在膝关节半月板损伤诊疗中的应用

关节内窥镜可直接观察关节腔内结构,用于半月板损伤的诊断准确、可靠。经关节镜治疗半月板损伤,损伤小、恢复快、疗效确切。本文中,67％病例的全部或部分半月板组织被保留,73.8％病例滑膜部分切除,48.5％病例软骨软化病灶清理。不仅保留了具有重要生理功能的半月板组织,而且清除了一些常见的影响膝关节功能恢复的其他病理因素,提高了半月板损伤的治疗质量。     

Arthroscopic Partial Medial Meniscectomy: An Analysis of Unsatisfactory Results

Results of 150 arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomies were analyzed by computer to identify the factors that lead to an unsatisfactory (fair or poor) outcome. The average follow-up for the group was 36 months (range 24-60 months). One-hundred ten men and 40 women were involved, with an average age of 48 years. The overall results were 58% excellent-good, 28% fair, and 14% poor. Most tears involved the posterior horn (76%). Bucket handle, longitudinal, and flap tears were rated 88% excellent-good, whereas horizontal cleavage and degenerative and complex tears had only 45% excellent-good scores. The results were adversely affected by the severity of the chondromalacia, work-related injury, prior knee surgery, simultaneous lateral meniscectomy, and increased knee laxity. Because degenerative posterior horn tears had such a high percentage of unsatisfactory results, the question remains as to whether all these tears need to be removed.     

Arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy: an analysis of unsatisfactory results

Results of 150 arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomies were analyzed by computer to identify the factors that lead to an unsatisfactory (fair or poor) outcome. The average follow-up for the group was 36 months (range 24-60 months). One-hundred ten men and 40 women were involved, with an average age of 48 years. The overall results were 58% excellent-good, 28% fair, and 14% poor. Most tears involved the posterior horn (76%). Bucket-handle, longitudinal, and flap tears were rated 88% excellent-good, whereas horizontal cleavage and degenerative and complex tears had only 45% excellent-good scores. The results were adversely affected by the severity of the chondromalacia, work-related injury, prior knee surgery, simultaneous lateral meniscectomy, and increased knee laxity. Because degenerative posterior horn tears had such a high percentage of unsatisfactory results, the question remains as to whether all these tears need to be removed.     

Prognostic Factors of Mid- to Long-term Clinical Outcomes after Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy for Medial Meniscal Tears

BackgroudArthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) continues to be the popular treatment for meniscal tears, but recent randomized controlled trials have questioned its efficacy. To provide more evidence-based criteria for patient selection, we undertook this study to identify prognostic factors associated with clinical failure after APM for medial meniscus tears.MethodsMedical records of 160 patients followed up for at least 5 years after APM for medial meniscal tears were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data (age, sex, and body mass index), radiographic variables (Kellgren-Lawrence [K-L] grade and hip-knee-ankle [HKA] angle), and clinical scores (International Knee Documentation Committee score, Tegner activity scale score, Lysholm score, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) were recorded. Clinical failure was defined as the need for an additional surgical procedure (arthroscopy, osteotomy, or arthroplasty) or the presence of intolerable pain. Survivorship analysis with clinical failure as an end point was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Factors related to clinical failure were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. Cutoff values were determined using areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Radiographic progression of osteoarthritis was analyzed using the chi-square test, and serial changes of clinical scores were analyzed using a linear mixed model.ResultsClinical success rates were 95.7% at 5 years, 75.6% at 10 years, and 46.3% at 15 years. Age, HKA angle, and K-L grade (p = 0.01, p = 0.02, and p = 0.04, respectively) were found to be significant risk factors of clinical failure. Cutoff values at 10 years postoperatively as determined by ROC analysis were 50 years for age (sensitivity = 0.778, 1−specificity = 0.589), grade 2 for K-L grade (sensitivity = 0.778, 1−specificity = 0.109), and 5.5° for HKA angle (sensitivity = 0.667, 1−specificity = 0.258). In patients who had clinical success until 10 years after APM, radiological osteoarthritis progressed gradually. However, the clinical scores of patients who achieved clinical success did not decrease significantly over the 10-year follow-up.ConclusionsThe poor prognostic factors found to be related to clinical failure after APM for a medial meniscal tear were patient age (≥ 50 years), preoperative K-L grade (≥ grade 2), and preoperative HKA angle (≥ varus 5.5°).     

Arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomy in an otherwise normal knee: Clinical, functional, and radiographic results of a long-term follow-up study

Purpose: To determine the clinical, functional, and radiographic long-term results of patients who underwent arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomy in an otherwise normal knee. Type of Study: This was a retrospective case-control study. Methods: Between 1982 and 1991, 107 arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomies were performed; 75 of these patients had an isolated lateral meniscal tear and their data were evaluated using the Lysholm score and a questionnaire recording patients’ subjective satisfaction. Radiographic analysis was performed according to the Jäger-Wirth classification and Fairbank changes. Results: All 75 patients were examined by questionnaire, 55 underwent physical examination, and 58 had radiographic analysis. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 15 years. Excellent and good Lysholm score results decreased from 77% at maximal improvement to 66% at follow-up; 43% of patients maintained their level of maximal improvement, 78% showed one or more Fairbank changes at follow-up, and using the Jäger-Wirth score, 84% showed radiographic deterioration. Conclusions: Although deterioration of functional and especially radiographic results occurred after arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomy, the number of good results, even with mean follow-up of 12.3 years, is remarkable. There was a high percentage of radiographic changes in our study, but there is no significant correlation between them and subjective symptoms or between them and functional outcome. We believe that careful meniscectomy provides good results for a long period of time but, the longer the follow-up, the more radiographic changes have to be expected; when meniscal refixation is possible, it should be performed.Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 17, No 9 (November-December), 2001: pp 946–952     

Medial meniscal cyst: a case report

Meniscal cysts are a rare disease constantly combined with a horizontal meniscal lesion. Currently, nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI) is the main diagnostic tool, because of its high sensitivity and specificity, and decompression arthroscopy combined with selective meniscectomy is the treatment of choice. The Authors report a case of a voluminous medial meniscal cyst where instrumental examination, MRI, was fundamental for the preoperative diagnosis of the horizontal meniscal lesion causing the cystic degeneration of the meniscus. The treatment performed was selective meniscectomy of the body and posterior horn of the medial meniscus and decompression of the voluminous cyst by arthroscopy. Physical examination after six months showed the complete resolution of swelling at the medial hemirima, no walking pain and normal range of motion.     

Controversial role of arthroscopic meniscectomy of the knee: A review

The role of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy(APM) in reducing pain and improving function in patients with meniscal tears remains controversial. Five recent highquality randomized controlled trials(RCTs) compared non-operative management of meniscal tears to APM, with four showing no difference and one demonstrating superiority of APM. In this review, we examined the strengths and weaknesses of each of these RCTs, with particular attention to the occurrence of inadvertent biases. We also completed a quantitative analysis that compares treatment successes in each treatment arm, considering crossovers as treatment failures. Our analysis revealed that each study was an excellent attempt to compare APM with non-surgical treatment but suffered from selection, performance, detection, and/or transfer biases that reduce confidence in its conclusions. While the RCT remains the methodological gold standard for establishing treatment efficacy, the use of an RCT design does not in itself ensure internal or external validity. Furthermore, under our alternative analysis of treatment successes, two studies had significantly more treatment successes in the APM arm than the non-operative arm although original intention-totreat analyses showed no difference between these two groups. Crossovers remain an important problem in surgical trials with no perfect analytical solution. With the studies available at present, no conclusion can be drawn concerning the optimal treatment modality for meniscal tears. Further work that minimizes significant biases and crossovers and incorporates sub-group and cost-benefit analyses may clarify therapeutic indications.