三种介入方法治疗动脉导管未闭的疗效评价

目的 :评价 Porstmann法、弹簧栓子法和 Amplatzer封堵器对动脉导管培养闭的治疗效果。方法 :3种方法共治疗动脉导管未闭 （PDA） 5 0例 ,其中 Porstm ann法 6例 ,弹簧栓子法 10例 ,Amplatzer封堵器 34例。所有患者在 PDA封堵后 10 m in重复主动脉造影观察有无残余分流 ;术后 2 4h、1月、6月和 12月行超声心电图检查 ,观察 PDA有无再通及残余分流。结果 :全组 5 0例 ,成功 49例。Porstm ann法有 1例由于鞘管不通过股动脉而失败。术后 10 min主动脉造影术 ,Amplatzer封堵器 4例有微 -少量残余分流。术术 2 4h超声心电图均无残余分流。随访 1～ 12个月 ,均未发现有残余分流和 PDA再通。结论 :经导管治疗 PDA是有效的非手术方法。Porstmann法已较少采用 ;直径 <3 m m的PDA首选弹簧栓子法 ;3～ 10 m m的 PDA采用 Am platzer封堵器治疗 ;直径 >10 m m者则应考虑手术治疗。     

动脉导管未闭封堵术的护理体会

近年来，动脉导管未闭封堵术已广泛应用于临床。我院共收治动脉导管未闭患者12例，现就动脉导管未闭封堵术的护理体会介绍如下。     

介入封堵术与外科手术治疗动脉导管未闭的比较

本文比较了动脉导管未闭的介入治疗及同期外科手术治疗的临床疗效及安全性. 1 对象和方法 1.1 对象 2003年1月～2006年4月我中心经超声心动图筛选动脉导管末闭(PDA)的87例患者,临床判断已经没有自然愈合的可能,并符合以下条件:①术前超声心动图检查显示:单纯PDA患者,动脉导管最窄直径1.2～12.8 mm;②不伴有其他需要治疗的心脏疾患;③术前无严重感染史.     

动脉导管未闭封堵术15例报告

我院 1999年至 2 0 0 0年其施行动脉导管未闭封堵术 15例 ,手术成功率 10 0 % ,取得良好的临床疗效 ,报告如下。临床资料　本组 15例 ,男 6例 ,女 9例 ,年龄 1岁 6个月～ 47岁 (平均 5 2岁 ) ,体重 9ｋｇ～ 5 5ｋｇ(平均 18 4ｋｇ) ,90 %的病人有反复呼吸道感染史 ,心脏杂音均位于胸骨左缘 2～3肋间 ;96 %为连续性杂音 ,4%为收缩期杂音 ,2 3 6 %周围血管征阴性 ;动脉导管形态 :管型 8例 ,漏斗型 7例 ,ｘ线胸片 :均肺血增多 ,左心室增大 ;心电图示 :左室肥厚者 13例。手术方法　本组均常规局麻下穿刺右侧股动脉、股静脉、从股动脉鞘送入 6～…     

国产封堵器介入治疗动脉导管未闭的临床分析

目的总结应用国产封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭的临床疗效。方法本组动脉导管未闭患者10例,男4例,女6例,年龄3~55岁,体重10.5~54 kg,平均肺动脉压33~49 mm Hg。降主动脉侧位造影显示病理解剖类型为管型8例,漏斗型2例,最窄处直径2~8 mm,应用国产封堵器经静脉途径行封堵术。术后超声心动图随访。结果10例患者均成功封堵,术后即刻完全封堵9例,1例有少量残余分流,术后24小时彩色多普勒超声检查示分流消失,肺动脉压均有下降,随访无严重并发症。结论国产封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭是一种安全有效的方法。     

动脉导管未闭封堵术治疗1例报告

自20世纪80年代初期Rashkind研制双伞封堵器并应用临床以后,该技术得到广泛应用。我院最近应用该技术成功地为1例患者实施了动脉导管未闭封堵术。现报告如下。     

经导管封堵治疗动脉导管未闭伴重度肺动脉高压

目的评价经导管封堵术治疗动脉导管未闭伴重度肺动脉高压病人的临床疗效与安全性。方法选择在我院接受经导管封堵术治疗且肺动脉收缩压在80mmHg或以上,肺动脉平均压在60mmHg或以上的动脉导管未闭病人31例,回顾性分析病人术中及术后随访资料。结果31例病人术前肺动脉收缩压80～183（112±28）mmHg,肺动脉平均压63～130（82±22）mmHg。其中30例经导管封堵成功（成功率97％）,1例巨大型动脉导管未闭因无合适封堵器而行手术治疗。封堵后10min,26例肺动脉收缩压下降30mmHg以上,2例肺动脉收缩压下降20％以上,另2例肺动脉收缩压无明显改变。1例用房间隔缺损封堵器封堵巨大型动脉导管未闭,在术后3d复查心脏超声时发现封堵器脱人肺动脉而转入外科手术治疗;在5例双向分流者中,1例于术后2个月因重度肺部感染死亡,1例于封堵后血氧饱和度明显增加,但肺动脉压无明显下降,术后2年出现右心功能不全表现。结论动脉导管未闭伴重度肺动脉高压病人,若心脏超声检查示左向右分流,可用经导管封堵术进行根治;但若为双向分流时,经导管封堵治疗应慎重。     

国产封堵器经导管封堵治疗小儿动脉导管未闭33例

目的评估小儿动脉导管未闭的介入治疗的临床效果。方法33例患儿术前经心超等检查证实为PDA,方法是将封堵器经股静脉途径沿输送鞘管送至降主动脉,再回撤将封堵器腰部卡在PDA最窄处。33例均采用国产封堵器。结果33例介入治疗成功。27例术后无分流,6例术后存在极少量分流。随访1～12个月所有患儿无PDA再通、装置移位或肺动脉狭窄。结论在熟练操作技巧的条件下,PDA封堵术安全、创伤小、成功率高、疗效可靠、价格适中,是目前我国导管治疗PDA的较为理想方法。     

国产封堵器介入治疗动脉导管未闭198例

目的 观察应用国产蘑菇伞型封堵器介入治疗动脉导管未闭(PDA)的临床疗效.方法 198例PDA患者于主动脉弓降部造影,测量动脉导管大小,在透视下经传送装置将国产蘑菇伞型封堵器置入动脉导管内,使之在动脉导管处固定,即刻造影,术后行超声心动图(UCG)检查.结果 全组成功196例,技术成功率99%;主动脉弓造影即刻无分流146例;50例存在微量或少量残余分流,经UCG复查,其中25例术后48 h分流消失,22例术后1个月分流消失,3例术后3个月分流消失;封堵术后即刻肺动脉平均压由封堵前(42.8±16.4)mmHg下降至(31.3±14.5)mmHg(P<0.05);术后3个月心室舒张末期容积均较术前缩小(94.2±28.4)mL vs(112.5±31.5)mL,(52.1±12.4)mL vs(61.0±15.7)mL(P<0.05).结论 应用国产蘑菇伞型封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭操作方法简便,治疗范围广,成功率高.     

经皮心导管动脉导管未闭封堵术的麻醉处理

1998年 12月以来 ,我院实施小儿先天性心脏病 (CHD)动脉导管未闭 (PDA)经皮封堵术 4 6例。现报告如下。临床资料 :4 6例 PDA中 ,男 17例 ,女 2 9例 ;年龄 1岁 5个月～ 12岁 ;体重 7～ 2 8kg。术前均经心脏彩色多普勒检查和/或左心造影确诊为 PDA漏斗型或管型 ,PDA直径为 1.5～6 mm。手术分别穿刺股动、静脉 ,放置左右心导管 ,造影检查确定 PDA的形态及管径 ;经心导管放置及释放封堵装置 ,听诊和造影核实封堵情况。麻醉方法 :术前禁食 4～ 6 h,麻醉前 0 .5 h肌注阿托品或东莨菪碱 0 .0 1mg/ kg。入手术室后开放一条外周静脉 ,静注氯…     

经导管封堵动脉导管未闭外科及介入治疗术后残余分流

目的 评价经导管封堵动脉导管未闭(PDA)外科结扎及介入治疗术后残余分流的效果.方法 1995年6月至2008年9月,42例外科结扎、1例外科结扎术后又行弹簧栓子法、3例Rashkind法及1例Sidires法介入治疗术后残余分流的PDA患者施行了经导管封堵术,其中男9例,女38例,年龄2～53岁,平均25.0±15.5岁.外科手术至介入治疗的时间为1个月～30年,其中1例曾行两次外科结扎术.第一次介入治疗至本次封堵术的时间为4年～14年.43例经股静脉途径植入封堵器,其中2例采用动静脉轨道法;2例经股动脉途径植入可控弹簧栓子.介入术后24 h～7.8年行X线胸片、心电图及超声心动图随访.结果 残余分流的PDA最窄处直径为1～10 mm,平均4.1±2.0 mm.技术成功率为95.7%(45/47).45例封堵术后10 min.主动脉弓降部造影示无残余分流40例(88.9%),微量残余分流4例(8.9%),少量残余分流1例(2.2%).术后24 h经胸超声心动图示无残余分流44例(97.8%),少量残余分流1例(2.2%),该例术后9 h发生溶血,经保守治疗1周后消失.失败2例,植入封堵器后仍有明显残余分流,收回封堵器,终止介入治疗.本组45例随访1个月～7.8年,除1例于术后4个月发生心房颤动外,余未发现封堵器移位、残余分流及细菌性心内膜炎.结论 经导管封堵动脉导管未闭外科结扎及介入治疗术后的残余分流是一种创伤小、成功率高、并发症少、住院时间短、安全有效的方法,基本可以替代外科手术.     

Transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus

This article reviews the current status of transcatheter technology, which has been applied to close the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Pioneering work in this field was performed by Porstmann in the 1960s and Rashkind in the 1970s. Devices which have been implanted in the PDA have basic designs as plugs, umbrellas, or coils. The experience reported with each type of device is detailed. Issues and controversies are examined. It appears that coils should be the preferred method for closing smaller PDAs (3-mm diameter or smaller), and Rashkind or similar devices, if available, should be reserved for larger PDAs (> 3-mm diameter). Surgery is necessary for neonatal and for rare large PDAs. Transcatheter technology is still evolving and may become more effective and cheaper.     

外科经胸封堵治疗动脉导管未闭

目的:评价外科经胸封堵术治疗动脉导管未闭(PDA)的临床疗效和安全性.方法:2010年2月至2010年11月,完成23例经胸PDA封堵术.其中13例为小切口(小切口组),左胸骨旁第2肋间3～5 cm小切口;10例常规正中大切口(大切口组).于主肺动脉前壁缝2个荷包,在食道超声引导下将输送装置穿刺送入降主动脉释放直径大于...     

Coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus.

BACKGROUND: Coils are the only devices available for transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in Japan. Since April 1999, we have introduced a 0.052-inch Gianturco coil (0.052-inch coil) to close PDA >or=2.5 mm. METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective survey of the outcome of coil occlusions for PDA >or=2.5 mm before and after the 0.052-inch coil became available found that (1) the frequency of PDA >or=2.5 mm among all candidates for coil occlusion significantly increased after the availability of a 0.052-inch coil (p<0.01); (2) deployment complicated by migration (p<0.01), and prolonged procedure time (p<0.05) were significantly decreased after the introduction of the 0.052-inch coil. In a multivariate logistic regression model for uneventful deployment adjusted for age, pulmonary to systemic flow ratio, and use of a 0.052-inch coil, use of the 0.052-inch coil significantly decreased eventful deployment (p<0.05); and (3) successful deployment of a coil for PDA >or=4 mm significantly increased with the 0.052-inch coil (p<0.01). Complete occlusion was achieved once deployment was successful. CONCLUSION: Introduction of the 0.052-inch coil decreased complicated coil occlusion deployment for PDA >or=2.5 mm, and contributed to a better likelihood of coil occlusion for PDA >or=4 mm.     

Severe intravascular hemolysis after transcatheter coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus

Severe intravascular hemolysis is a rare complication of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). It is thought to be secondary to red blood cell damage from a high-velocity jet from a residual shunt. However, only a small minority of patients with a residual shunt develop this complication. We report a case of intravascular hemolysis after partial coil occlusion of a PDA in which the Dacron strands were stripped off the coils during bioptome-assisted deployment. The exposure of the blood flow jet to bare metallic coils may have contributed to the occurrence of the severe hemolysis.     

Follow-up of coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus

Objective. We sought to determine the prevalence and fate of residual ductal shunting following coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus.Background. Although transcatheter coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus has gained popularity, few follow-up data have been reported.Methods. A review of 75 patients who underwent coil occlusion was performed. Residual shunting was investigated by Doppler echocardiography in follow-up. Angiograms were reviewed to obtain minimal ductal diameter and ductal angiographic type.Results. Residual shunts were found in 31 patients (41%) on the day of the procedure, and of these, spontaneous closure was noted in 17 (55%) at 2 weeks to 20 months of follow-up. Of the 75 patients studied, 5 (7%) required a second coil procedure, and 10 (13%) remained with persistent residual shunts at most recent follow-up. Actuarial analysis estimated a 6 ± 5% prevalence of residual shunts 20 months after a single coil procedure and 3 ± 3% after all coil procedures. Minimal ductal diameter was associated with immediate complete ductal occlusion by a single coil. These patients had significantly smaller (p = 0.003) minimal ductal diameters (1.2 ± 0.7 mm) than those who required two coils during their initial procedure to achieve immediate occlusion (1.9 ± 0.7 mm), those who required a second coil procedure (2.0 ± 0.9 mm), those who had spontaneous closure of residual shunts (1.9 ± 0.7 mm) and those with persistent residual shunts (2.0 ± 0.9 mm). No association was identified between ductal angiographic type and outcome of coil occlusion. No late adverse clinical events of coil occlusion or evidence of recanalization was found.Conclusions. Small residual shunts are common after coil embolization of patent ductus arteriosus, but most close spontaneously. Actuarial analysis estimates complete closure in 94% at 20 months, and reintervention was required in only 7% of patients.     

Snare-assisted transcatheter coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus

Transcatheter occlusion of a small or moderate patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using Gianturco coils is safe and effective. Several investigators have reported using different techniques with variable results. To eliminate the serious potential complications of inadvertent coil embolization to undesirable sites and to improve control of the coil throughout the procedure, a modified snare-assisted method with approach from the main pulmonary artery was developed. However, articles discussing this technique are still limited. Herein, we report our successful experience of the snare-assisted technique to occlude small or moderate PDAs in three children aged from 1 to 8 years old. We achieved immediate total occlusion in all three cases with no complications. All three patients were discharged the next day and there was no coil dislodgement, left pulmonary stenosis, or residual shunting during the follow-up period of up to 3 years. This technique had the advantages of safety, optimal positioning, and improved stability of coil implantation.     

Transfemoral vein catheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus

Between February 1988 and September 1989, 15 patients underwent closure of patent ductus arteriosus by the Rashkind technique modified by Mullins. The insertion of the occluder was achieved in all cases; however, in one patient, the prosthesis migrated to the abdominal aorta several hours after implantation. No other complications were observed. All patients were discharged from hospital under 24 hours after the procedure. The follow-up period ranges from 3 to 12 months. The rate of complete closure of the ductus was 50% 24 hours after implantation, 57% at 3 months, 66% at 6 months and 82% 12 months after the procedure. Our results suggest that the Rashkind technique for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus by the transvenous femoral approach is an effective and low risk procedure.     

Catheter occlusion of the persistently patent ductus arteriosus

Catheter occlusion of a persistently patent ductus arteriosus was attempted in 40 patients (11 men and 29 women, mean age 7.2 +/- 8.3 years, range 244 days to 40 years), using a transvenously placed Rashkind umbrella occluder (USCI). Thirty-one 12-mm and six 17-mm diameter devices were successfully placed in the ductus (internal diameter average 3.9 mm, range 2 to 9 mm). One procedure was abandoned when fluoroscopy failed to visualize the device. There were 2 immediate embolizations subjected to surgical recovery. A residual shunt was present on the immediate postocclusion ventriculogram in 12 of 37 procedures (32%). Twenty-eight patients (75%) have had at least a follow-up at 3 months with Doppler study and 6 (21%) continued to have shunting into the pulmonary artery. Three of 4 patients have undergone successful placement of a second device and 1 patient's shunting spontaneously resolved at 1 year postimplant, leaving only 2 patients (7%) with persistent shunts. There has been 1 episode of probable prosthetic endarteritis and 1 patient has developed mild narrowing of the left pulmonary artery related to device placement. Catheter occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus using the Rashkind umbrella appears to be a safe and effective method of non-surgical management.