Synthesis and anticancer activity of 5'-phthaloylnucleosides

A series of novel 5'-phthaloylnucleosides were synthesized via Mitsunobu reaction starting from AZT or 2'-deoxyadenosine and numerous phthalimides and their sulphur analogues-thioimides. Some of them showed significant anticancer activity.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of asparagine analogs

A series of 11 asparagines substituted on N4 was prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of L5178Y leukemia cell cultures. These cells require an exogenous source of L-asparagine and should be sensitive to an asparagine antimetabolite. The compounds were prepared by reaction of phthalylaspartic anhydride with a primary or secondary amine, followed by removal of the phthalyl group with hydrazine. One compound, N,N-dibenzylasparagine, showed significant activity. Additional study of asparagine derivatives bearing large, lipophilic groups at N4 is warranted.     

去甲斑蝥素-半乳糖衍生物的合成与抗癌活性

设计并合成了肝靶向抗癌前药去甲斑蝥素-半乳糖(NCTD-Gal)偶联物。以去甲斑蝥素为原料，经氨基酸修饰后，再通过酰化、氢解、糖苷化和脱乙酰基反应合成去甲斑蝥素-半乳糖衍生物。合成了7个新β-O-糖苷化合物，结构通过IR、 MS、 ¹H NMR和元素分析确证。对产物4a进行了初步小鼠体内抗肿瘤实验，结果显示，4a中、高剂量组抑瘤率明显高于NCTD组，表明半乳糖苷化对NCTD抗癌作用有一定提高。     

5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物的合成与抗肿瘤活性研究

目的寻找新型、高效的5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物类抗肿瘤化合物。方法设计、合成4个5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物,利用MTT方法测定这些化合物对4株肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制活性。结果 4个5-氟尿嘧啶衍生物均显示了较好的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制活性。结论 4个目标化合物对肿瘤细胞有较好的抑制活性,值得进一步研究。     

甘草素缩胺硫脲类衍生物的合成及抗癌活性

目的研究甘草素缩胺硫脲类衍生物的合成方法及抗癌活性。方法酸性条件下,甘草素与肼基二硫代甲酸甲酯在乙醇中回流缩合成腙,同时二硫代甲酸甲酯基水解成硫代甲酸基,然后在二环己基碳二亚胺(dicyclohexylcarbodiimide,DCC)催化下与相应的胺反应得到目标化合物3a-3j。采用噻唑蓝(methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium,MTT)法,以五氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)为阳性对照药,评价目标化合物对人白血病细胞(K562)、人前列腺癌细胞(DU-145)、人胃癌细胞(SGC-7901)、人结肠癌细胞(HCT-116)、人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)、人肝癌细胞(HepG2)、人宫颈癌细胞(Hela)7个肿瘤细胞株及人肾上皮细胞(293)一个正常细胞株的细胞毒活性。结果合成了10个新化合物,其结构经IR、1 H-NMR1、3 C-NMR和MS确证。体外抗癌活性表明大部分衍生物对K562和DU-145有一定的活性。结论从构效关系看,作者推断在甘草素4-C位接入缩胺硫脲基团可以提高抗癌活性。     

新型微管稳定剂吲哚美辛衍生物的合成与抗肿瘤活性研究

目的设计合成一系列吲哚美辛衍生物并测定其体外抗肿瘤和微管蛋白抑制活性。方法以5-甲氧基-2-甲基-3-吲哚乙酸为起始原料经两步酰化反应合成12个化合物,MTT法检测目标化合物对HT29、A549、Hep-2、MCF-7肿瘤细胞的抑制活性,同时采用浊度法评价其体外微管蛋白的抑制作用。结果 12种目标化合物均呈现了优于吲哚美辛的体外抗肿瘤作用和微管蛋白抑制活性,其中3位羧基侧链苯乙基取代的化合物12作用于人结肠癌细胞HT29的IC_(50)(2.2μmol)为吲哚美辛的400倍,并且可以干扰微管聚合,其作用于微管蛋白的IC_(50)为5.6μmol。结论改变吲哚美辛1位酰胺和3位羧酸侧链所得的系列衍生物是一类新型的以微管为靶点的抗肿瘤候选药物。     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of some new s-triazine derivatives

New s-triazine derivatives 13a–h were synthesized for the structure–activity relationship studies as potent anticancer agents. The prepared analogues were evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against the growth of PA-1 (Ovarian cancer), A549 (Lung cancer), MCF-7 (Breast cancer), and HT-29 (Colon cancer). Tri-substituted s-triazine derivatives (13e–h) with morpholino group on s-triazine scaffold exhibited potent anticancer activities compared to di-substituted s-triazine derivatives. Compounds 13e–h also showed relatively selective PA-1 and HT-29 cancer cell inhibition over other cancer cell lines. Structure–activity relationships provided useful insights in these classes of compounds and paved the way to design novel analogues with more potency.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of 13-membered cyclic enediynes

We herein describe the synthesis of 15 novel 13-membered cyclic enediyne derivatives using simple and straightforward approach. Representative examples were screened for their anticancer activities on 60 different human tumor cell lines representing various histologies viz. leukemia, melanoma, and cancers of lung, colon, kidney, ovary, breast, prostate, and central nervous system. The enediyne derivatives with halogen substitutions, especially fluorides were found to be active against most of the cell lines. The initial results indicates marginal to good inhibition for the growth of tumor cells for several cell lines, which shows the potential of these class of compound towards anticancer application.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of brefeldin A ester derivatives

Ester derivatives of brefeldin A (BFA) were synthesized to determine which of its two hydroxyl groups could be modified while still maintaining biological activity. The compounds were tested for antiproliferative activity in the National Cancer Institute's 60 cancer cell line screen. Monoderivatization at the C4 and C7 alcohols was tolerated, yielding biologically active compounds, whereas the analogues derivatized at both positions were the least active in the series. Molecular modeling of the analogues revealed that both the C4 and C7 derivatives were well tolerated at the interface between ARF1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARNO. The Golgi-disruptive properties of the analogues were determined using fluorescence imaging assays. The BFA ester conjugates synthesized in this study were cytotoxic to cancer cells, and we have shown that the disruption of the Golgi complex is not necessary for cytotoxicity. The brefeldin A ester derivatives are potential anticancer agents.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of isatin-based pyrazolines and thiazolidines conjugates

The synthesis and antitumor activity screening of novel isatin based conjugates with thiazolidine and pyrazoline moieties were performed. Reaction of 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazoles with chloroacetyl chloride yielded starting 2-chloro-1-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-ethanones which were utilized in alkylation of isatin and 5-bromoisatin. Thus, corresponding 1-[2-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-1H-indole-2,3-diones (1a-1d) have been obtained. The compounds 1a-1d have been used in Knoevenagel condensation with 4-thiazolidinones for obtaining a series of 5-ylidenederivatives 2a-2f and 3a-3d. The synthesized compounds were tested for their anticancer activity in NCI60 cell lines. Among the tested compounds, 5-bromo-1-{2-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}-1H-indole-2,3-dione (1d) was found to be the most active candidate with selective influence on leukemia subpanel tumor cell lines with GI(50) values range of 0.69-3.35 μM.     

Synthesis, antimicrobial and anticancer activity of new thiosemicarbazone derivatives

Thiosemicarbazones of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Hydroxamate derivatives 4a-4l were found to have better antimicrobial and anticancer activity than their acid counterpart. Compound 4d was found to have good antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacillus subtilis with IC(50) value of about 1 μM. Compound 4f showed potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans (IC(50) = 1.29 μM) and compound 4h showed potent anticancer activity (IC(50) = 0.07 μM).     

Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of novel thiazacridine derivatives

Acridine derivatives represent a well-known class of anticancer agents that generally interfere with DNA synthesis and inhibit topoisomerase II. A series of eight new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione and 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-5-arylidene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized. All the compounds were evaluated for their cell antiproliferation activity with the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiozolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, MTT assay. The antiproliferative effects of the synthesized compounds were tested against several tumoral cell lines, namely SF-295 (central nervous system), HCT-8 (colon carcinoma), and MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) cells using doxorubicin as a positive control. Among the synthesized compounds, 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-5-acridin-9-ylmethylene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione, 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-5-(4-methoxy-benzylidene)-thiazolidine-2,4-dione, and 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-5-(4-bromo-benzylidene)-thiazolidine-2,4-dione exhibited the most potent anticancer activity against the HCT-8 and MDA-MB-435 cell lines. After a detailed analysis of the structure of the thiazacridine molecules, we revealed the main possible interactions using the compound 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-5-acridin-9-ylmethylene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione as an example. The benefits of these compounds, regardless of the pharmacological target are the presence of two aromatic rings (pi systems), significant planarity (intercalating ability) and the presence of three hydrogen-bond acceptors, two of which are stronger (oxygen atoms) than the other (sulfur atom).     

Synthesis of novel thiazolyl-pyrimidines and their anticancer activity in vitro

A series of novel compounds 7-43 were prepared via the condensation of enaminones 4a-h and the guanidines carbonate 6a-f. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by (1) H-NMR, MS, EA and IR. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against human cancer cell lines including Ishikawa, A549, BEL-7404, SPC-A-01 and SGC-7901. Most of them showed moderate cytotoxic against the tested cell lines. Among them, the most potent compounds 9 and 30 exhibited more efficient activity against Ishikawa, A549.     

Synthesis of 5-substituted 2-methylbenzimidazoles with anticancer activity

A series of compounds comprising the thiocarboximidopyrazolyl 5, the phenylpyrazolyl 6, the dimethylpyrazolyl 7, the nitrophenylpyrazolyl 8, the dimethyloxazolyl 9, the benzoxazepinyl 10, and pyrimidyl 11 a-c derivatives of 3-(2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-ylazo)pentane-2, 4-dione was synthesized. Moreover, 5-amino-2-methylbenzimidazole (3) was reacted with phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride in acetic acid or in toluene to produce 12-15. Treating 5, 6-diamino-2-methylbenzimidazole (16) with ethyl cyanoacetate or diethyl malonate or acetyl acetone leads to the formation of the benzodiazepine derivatives 17-20. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds 2, 7, 9, 10, and 11 was tested against 60 types of human cancer cell lines. Compounds 7 and 9 were found to be the most potent.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of some fused pyrimidines and related heterocycles

On account of the reported anticancer of pyrimidine and condensed pyrimidine, a new pyrimido [3,2-b]-1,2,4,5-tetrazine 3_a,b, 5_c,d, 6, 9, pyrimido [3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazine 10, 11, pyrimido [3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazole 12 and pyrimidine derivatives 1,2_a,b, 4_c,d, 8, 13, 14, 15 and 16 were synthesized through different chemical reactions. Structures of all synthesized compounds were supported by spectral and elemental analyses. The obtained compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against human liver cancer cell line (HEPG2).     

Synthesis of polyamides containing N-methylpyrrole and N-methylimidazole and their anticancer activity

Three hairpin polyamides were designed and synthesized by a haloform reaction and DCC/HOBt coupling reaction without amino protection and deprotection. Their anticancer activity were investigated with three kinds of cell lines--hepatic carcinoma, lung carcinoma and gastric carcinoma, and the values of IC50 were at range of 10(-7) to approximately 10(-8) M.