高同型半胱氨酸血症患者血液流变学指标的变化与意义

目的探讨高同型半胱氨酸血症患者血液流变学指标变化趋势。方法高同型半胱氨酸血症患者65例，同型半胱氨酸正常者68例，分别检测这两组的血液流变学指标并比较差异。结果高半胱氨酸血症组红细胞变形指数与同型半胱氨酸正常组相比均有明显差异（P〈0．05）；血浆黏度和全血低切黏度在高Hcy组有升高趋势，但无统计学意义。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症患者红细胞变形性降低，血浆黏度和全血低切黏度有升高趋势，易造成微循环障碍，引起微循环血液瘀滞。     

实验性高胆固醇血症家兔血液流变性改变在微循环障碍中的作用

本文利用实验性高胆固醇血症家兔模型,研究了微循环灌流和血液流变性改变间关系。结果表明,微循环流量、流态、流速,微血管形态有明显改变,而这些变化与血清中胆固醇浓度,血浆粘度,全血粘度,红细胞聚集性及红细胞变形有着明显相关性。血液流变性变化构成此模型微循环障碍的基础。     

实验性高碳酸血症与微循环障碍

用吸入法使动物形成高碳酸血症,采用微循环显微镜彩色闭路电视系统,经目测、拍照、微粒分析以及血气分析、红细胞电泳、血管通透性试验等方法检测体内CO_蓄积所致PaCO_2升高、PaO_2和pH下降时的微循环障碍诸变化,结果表明:PaCO_2超过基础值(吸入CO_2前)8.62±0.2Kpa一倍以上动物发生昏迷,     

低能量He-Ne激光血管内照射治疗高粘滞血症70例分析

应用低能量He-Ne激光血管内照射法(ILIB)治疗高粘滞血症(BHS)70例,并进行甲襞微循环和血液流变学检测。结果:治疗后全血粘度(低切、高切)、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞变形指数、红细胞刚性指数、血沉、血沉方程K值、全血还原粘度和甲襞微循环积分改善均非常显著(P<0.05～0.001)。提示ILIB对改善BHS有良效。     

偏头痛患者血液微循环特征探讨

目的 探讨偏头痛患者的血液微循环特征。方法 观察50例偏头痛患者的红细胞流变性、血液流变性及甲襞微循环变化，并与50例健康人作对照。结果 偏头痛患者红细胞流变性异常，表现为红细胞聚集性增高、红细胞变形性降低；血液黏度增高，呈高黏高凝状态；甲襞微循环异常，主要表现为流态异常、襻顶瘀血、异型管襻数量增多、红细胞聚集、管襻长度缩短、开放管襻数量减少、襻周渗出等。结论 红细胞流变性异常、血液呈高黏高凝状态、微循环障碍是偏头痛患者的血液微循环特征。偏头痛患者血液微循环的异常改变可能是偏头痛的病因之一。     

Tourmaline纤维的扫描电子显微镜观察及其对高黏血症家兔皮下血流量的影响

目的：研究Tourmaline纤维的形态特征及Tourmaline纤维对高黏血症家兔皮下微循环血液灌注量的改善作用。方法：对Tourmalinee纤维作扫描电镜观察。用高分子右旋糖酐复制家兔高黏血症模型。用含与不含Tourmaline(对照)纤维的棉絮包裹家兔胸腹部后测6、12及24h时剑突区、左上肢、左下肢固定点皮下血液灌注量变化(用激光多普勒血流仪)。测定反复清洗Tourmaline棉絮对改善血液灌注量的影响。结果：Tourmaline纤维有独特的纵形深沟及微细的环形横向浅沟，纤维表面有大量超微颗粒。与对照组比Tourmaline棉絮包裹的高黏血症家兔剑突区血流量明显增加，其它各区变化不显著。清洗对上述作用无显著影响。结论：Tourmaline纤维具有独特的结构特征，它有改善高黏血症家兔皮下微循环血液灌注量的作用。     

糖尿病肾病患者的血液流变学及甲襞微循环改变

目的探讨糖尿病肾病患者的血液流变学及甲襞微循环变化与临床意义。方法分别对糖尿病肾病组 ,糖尿病组 ,健康人组进行了高低切变率下全血比粘度 ,血浆比粘度 ,红细胞压积 ,红细胞电泳时间及甲襞微循环的检测。结果糖尿病肾病组的血液流变学各项指标均显著增高 ,主要表现在全血比粘度 (低切变率 ) ,血浆比粘度 ,红细胞压积 (P<0.01)。甲襞微循环主要表现在管襻及流速异常 (P<0.01～0.05)。结论糖尿病肾病患者存在着高粘血症及微循环障碍 ,因而 ,采用抗凝活血化瘀治疗 ,对糖尿病肾病患者具有积极意义。     

高粘滞血症患者血液流变学研究

目的：本文观察150例高粘滞血症患者的血液流变学变化，探讨多种药物的治疗效果。方法：150例患者平均分成三组，分别用丹参，川芎嗪，肝素钙治疗，观察每组治疗前后的血液流变学10项指标的改变。统计学处理用方差分析。结果：每组治疗后的血液流变学10项指标值与治疗前相比明显降低（P＜0．01）。结论：本文表明丹参、川芎嗪、肝素钙能降低血液粘度，提高红细胞变形能力，抗血小板聚集，促进料溶活性，扩张微血管，改善微循环，是治疗高粘滞血症的有效药物。     

Tourmaline纤维对高黏血症家兔血液流变性的影响

目的 研究Tourmaline纤维对高黏血症家兔血液流变性的影响。方法 用静脉注射高分子右旋糖酐(MW>140000)的方法复制高黏血症家兔模型。测定应用Tourmaline纤维(实验组,n=6)及对照纤维(对照组,n=6)前后高切(120s~(-1))、低切(20s~(-1))时全血黏度(锥板黏度计法)、血浆黏度(锥板黏度计法)、红细胞沉降率(温氏法)、血浆纤维蛋白原(浊度法)、红细胞变形(微孔滤膜法)的变化。结果实验组高黏血症家兔低切全血黏度在应用Tourmaline纤维6h后开始降低,与应用前比差异有显著意义(P<0.05),且持续24h。高切全血黏度仅在24h时出现明显降低(P<0.05)。其它指标实验前后变化不明显(P>0.05)。结论 Tourmaline纤维能降低高黏血症家兔的全血黏度,这可能是它改善微循环的机制之一。     

改善血液流变性的药物疗法

众 所周知 ,高粘血症可引起微循环障碍 ,要改除微循环障碍 ,改善血液的流变性是一种重要的途径。血液是非流顿流体 ,因此在疾病时 ,血液中的诸多因素 ,可引起血液流变性异常 ,本文从药物的作用与分类等方面 ,结合血液流变学的检测指标 ,针对性地提出了具体改善血液流变性的药物疗法 ,供临床参考。1　改善血液流变性的药物归类1.1　降低红细胞聚集性亚临床肝素、多种蛇毒制剂、蛇毒清栓酶、链激酶、尿激酶、蚓激酶 (博洛克 )、低分子右旋糖酐、藻酸双酯钠、α 二氢麦角隐停。1.2　降低纤维蛋白原蛇毒素、蛇毒凝血酶、蝮蛇抗栓酶、链激酶、尿…     

颅高压与脑软膜微循环障碍

借助一种新技术，测定活体动物的颅内压，在测定过程中，应用微循环显微镜通过颅骨窗观察了脑软膜的微循环。结果表明，随着颅高压增高，脑软膜的微循环障碍就越严重，表现出严重的细胞聚集和脑软膜微血管的扩张，最后脑软膜微循环停止流动，动物死亡。实验提示：临床上脑高压症必须早治，要在脑微循环障碍出现临床症状之前。     

Histochemical properties of the heparin-protein complex of mast cells and the state of the blood coagulating system in a primary lesion focus of non-specific ulcerative colitis]

Histochemical characteristics of polyanionic-cationic complex of mast cells, morphology of the microcirculatory bed of the large intestine, and a functional state of the coagulating blood system in the general blood flow and in the focus of primary inflammation were studied in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis. In the mast cells of the diseases intestine there was found a heparin-albuminous complex, saline resistance of the latter considerably exceed that in the norm. In the focus of primary inflammation deficit of active heparin and rise in coagulating characteristics of the blood were revealed. In the microcirculatory bed of the intestine angioniatosis, stasis, and thrombosis were observed. Impairment of complex-formation in the mast cells with appearance in their cytoplasm of the resistant heparin-albuminous complex apparently caused the local deficit of heparin and initiated the thrombogenesis in the microcirculatory bed. Thrombosis of the vessels led to hemorrhages, bleeding, disorder of the vascular wall feeding and its necrosis.     

羟乙基淀粉130／0．4对脂多糖诱导大鼠肠系膜微循环障碍的改善作用

目的探讨羟乙基淀粉（Hydroxyethyl Starch，HES）130／0．4后投入对脂多糖诱导大鼠肠系膜微循环障碍的改善作用。方法连续输注脂多糖（Lipopolysaccharide，LPS）2mg／kg 60 min建立大鼠微循环障碍模型。在LPS输注30min后，经颈静脉连续输注生理盐水或HES 15 ml／（kg·h），至60min结束。用活体微循环观测技术，观察肠系膜细静脉血管内径和红细胞流速、滚动和黏附白细胞数、细静脉白蛋白漏出的动态变化和血管外周肥大细胞脱颗粒。用流式细胞仪测定大鼠外周血粒细胞黏附分子CD11b和CD18的表达。结果LPS在不影响血压的情况下，显著增加了细静脉内白细胞滚动和黏附数目、血浆白蛋白漏出和肥大细胞脱颗粒率，降低了细静脉红细胞流速。输注HES，可以明显改善LPS诱导的上述变化。结论HES后投入可以明显改善LPS引起的微循环障碍。     

老年血瘀证患者甲襞微循环的观察

本文从甲襞微循环角度，对老年血瘀证与中青年血瘀证进行了比较。结果表明．老年血瘀证组与中青年血瘀证组在红细胞聚集，微血流流态、综合判断方面异常发生率及程度均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。说明血瘀证不论年龄大小，有其共性，从中也可透视出中医“辨证”的重要性。     

痛经的不同证型与甲襞微循环的关系

应用微循环检测手段，对妇科痛经不同证型进行甲襞微循环的观察，结果提示在痛经的＂气滞血瘀＂型与＂气虚血瘀＂型中均存在着不同程度的微循环障碍，它们与正常对照组对比ｐ＜０．０１或＜０．０５。＂气滞血瘀＂型与＂气虚血瘀＂型对比Ｐ＜０．０１，有明显差异。因此认为：痛经的辨证是治疗的关键，而微循环作为检测手段对痛经的辨证施治提供了客观指标。     

Pathology of the blood microcirculation in congenital heart defects with a right-to-left shunt

The alterations of the microcirculatory bed of the greater omentum in 17 children dying within the first year of life from congenital heart disease with the blood effluent from the right to the left are described. Pathological and compensatory changes are revealed in the microvessels and their functional significance is shown. The dependence of hemorheological disturbances in the microcirculatory bed (blood cell aggregation, local blood stasis, intravascular coagulation) upon the degree of heart decompensation followed by the slowing down of the circulation and increasing of the congestion in the venous system is pointed out.     

A hypothesis concerning the aetiology of venous thrombosis

The historical background against which a new hypothesis must be discussed is presented, and the main threads of thinking about thrombosis are isolated so far as they can be. The interplay between such ideas as pus, white thrombus, white blood corpuscles, platelets, fibrin, and red blood cells, is traced: the origins of our concepts of blood circulation, stasis and slow blood flow, and vessel wall damage, are likewise dug up. The new hypothesis rearranges concepts which are not themselves actually or entirely new: instead of postulating that reduced blood flow results in ‘silting’ of presumably lifeless blood cells, it proposes that slow flow is more likely to injure venous endothelium by metabolic deprivation: and, in place of ‘passive’ silting, it postulates attachment of while blood cells and platelets to the damaged endothelium by virtue of their phagocytic or reparative function/s. This implies that thrombi are likely to form wherever living blood cells pass through veins whose endothelium is dying or dead from impaired nutrition (or other cause). The death of endothelium may be widespread, as in the agonal state, or, very limited, as in venous valve pockets when stasis is prolonged. The hypothesis is novel in that it seeks to explain thrombogenesis in functional or physiological terms, rather than in terms of purely biochemical pathogenesis.     

pH environmental of red cells in the spleen.

Intrasplenic pH in vivo was deduced from measurements on blood drained from cat spleen during contraction with the inflow occluded. The pH of blood in the red pulp is normally 7.20, but stasis or reduced flow through the pulp causes pH to fall toward 6.8. The splenic pulp contains blood of high hematocrit. To evaluate the role of buffering by the red cells themselves, intrasplenic p/ in red cell-free spleens was, therefore, estimated atering and leaving the spleen during red cell washout. At inflow pH less than 6.8 the outflow pH was raised, at inflow pH = 6.8 there was no change, b,t at inflow pH greater than 6.8 the outflow pH was lowered. These results indicate that the pH environment of red cells in the spleen results indicate that the pH environment of red cells in the spleen results from the interplay of two separate factors: i) pH-determining elements of the splenic tissue that buffer at 6.8, and ii) buffering provided by red cells passing through the pulp.     

Study on the fixation method of microcirculation system for electron microscopy.

1) Although glutaraldehyde solution was injected into the superior mesenteric artery, vessels and blood cells were not fixed immediately. 2) Glutaraldehyde was considered not to be suitable for the fixation of vessels and blood cells. 3) To observe the physiological and topographical correlation of vessels and blood contents, drop osmium fixation method was better to fix the microcirculatory units immediately. 4) The perfusion of glutaraldehyde was supposed to be necessary for the fixation of the solid tissue in which microcirculatory systems exist in deeper places like liver. However, the findings observed by the perfusion method might reflex microcirculatory disturbances occured by the perfusion of glutaraldehyde itself.     

109例青年军人体表多部位血流量的研究

本文报告了应用LDF_3激光多普勒微循环血流仪对109例青年军人体表多部位血流量的调查结果。其微循环血流量依次为下唇>甲襞>舌下>舌头>耳垂,各部位检查值经方差分析有显著差别(P<0.01),舌下,甲襞和耳垂三个部位的左右两侧测量值经t检验无明显差别。以上结果表明,体表微循环以下唇和甲襞两个部位最为丰富,甲襞等部位微循环检查1侧即可。此外,本研究发现红舌,黄苔者体表微循环血流量大于淡红舌、薄白苔者,吸烟者体表微循环血流量低于不吸烟者。