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目的 评价颅脑手术浅低温麻醉苏醒期静注曲马多防治肌颤反应的效果。方法 90例拟行颅内手术病人随机分为A、B、C三组,每组30例。麻醉中应用降温毯将体温降至34.4℃。A组在缝合皮肤时静注曲马多200 mg,苏醒期出现肌颤时追加50 mg/次;B、C组在术后发生肌颤时静注曲马多,B组50rag/次,C组100mg/次,用药后5min肌颤未消失或再出现肌颤时重复应用原设定剂量。结果 A、B和C组的肌颤率分别是33%、73%和76%,A组明显低于B组和c组(P<0.01)。A组肌颤程度评级和术后恶心呕吐发生率均低于B组、C组(P<0.01)。结论 手术结束前静注曲马多能有效防治苏醒期的肌颤反应,且副作用较低。 相似文献
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目的 观察直肠癌患者入院至手术前血钾浓度的变化,为预防直肠癌患者术中及术后血钾紊乱提供临床证据.方法 分3个时间点监测40例直肠癌患者自入院至手术之前的血钾浓度变化,即入院第一天、服用泻药前、手术当天早晨,并根据患者年龄(低龄组、中龄组、高龄组)、性别(男性组、女性组)、饮食状况(饮食正常组、饮食稍下降组、饮食严重下降组)、病程(长病程组、中病程组、短病程组)进行分组,观察各时间点之间及各组之间血钾浓度,使用SPSS1 3.0统计软件进行统计分析.结果 所有患者血钾浓度平均值入院第一天为(4.09 ±0.62) mmol/L,服用泻药前为(3.83±0.46) mmoL/L,较入院第一天有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),手术当天早晨为(3.36±0.40) mmol/L,与前两次均有统计学差异(P<0.o1);不同性别之间各时间点血钾浓度差异无统学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄组除低龄组与高龄组在手术当天早晨血钾浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其他年龄组在不同时间点之间血钾浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同饮食状况组、不同病程组在各时间点之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 直肠癌患者手术之前即可能处于低钾血症状态,其原因可能与患者病程长、饮食量下降、年老体弱、入院后饮食结构改变及服用泻药清洁肠道相关. 相似文献
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为了了解腹膜炎术后钾代谢情况及其对肠功能恢复的临床意义,对80例(40对)患者采用异体配对,随机分组及双盲观察方法,分术后当日开始补钾及术后3天不补钾组,观察血钾及肠功能恢复情况。结果术后3天开始补钾组的血钾偏低,肠功能恢复延迟。认为应改变传统术后3天不补钾的观念,于术后当日开始视血钾水平运量补钾。 相似文献
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不同麻醉下手术病人血浆皮质醇浓度变化的观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
麻醉-手术-失血可引起机体系列应激反应,血中ACTH和皮质醇浓度几乎在很短时间内上升。本文旨在通过针麻、颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞,静脉复合麻醉下手术病人血浆皮质醇的测定,以了解病人对麻醉、手术创伤的应变能力。与此同时,选择适当麻醉方法以维护有利的生理调节功能,尽量减少或避免因这种防御作用而产生的不利影响。 相似文献
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0.05%琥珀胆碱静滴用于截瘫病人全麻时血钾变化的观察(附50例报告)朱胡松1尤叶青2廖春胜2于广英2琥珀胆碱用于截瘫病人,能引起血钾骤然升高,出现心律失常,甚至心搏骤停,国内外均有报告。但静脉滴注琥珀胆碱引起的血钾变化如何,国内文献报告不多。本文就... 相似文献
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Changes in plasma potassium, sodium and blood sugar were studied in Nigerian patients following induction of anaesthesia with etomidate and suxamethonium. Healthy patients presenting for elective surgery as well as psychiatric patients presenting for electroconvulsive therapy were studied. Plasma potasium was essentially unaffected by etomidate administration, but rose significantly when suxamethonium was given. This rise was higher than that observed with thiopentone and suxamethonium in a previous study on a similar group of Nigerians. Blood sugar was not significantly increased by the administration of etomidate but rose significantly after suxamethonium was given. This hyperglycaemic response was greater than when thiopentone was used as the induction agent. Administration of ECT was associated with a further increase in blood sugar. It is concluded that thiopentone is preferable to etomidate in situations where increases in plasma potassium and blood sugar are undesirable following administration of suxamethonium. 相似文献
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观察3组不同剂量静脉麻醉药异丙酚、咪唑安定、依托咪酯对上肢短潜伏期体感诱发电位(SLSEP)影响。方法:90例择期手术患者,随机分成3组,每组再随机分为3个不同剂量组.分别单次静脉注射异丙酚1.5、2、3mg/kg,咪唑安定0.2、0.3、0.4mg/kg,依托咪酯0.15、0.3、0.4mg/kg,观察用药后对SLSEP的影响。结果:异丙酚组均对SLSEP的N_14、N_20潜伏期和CCT无明显影响,但使N_20-P_25波幅显著性抑制,该作用在用药后10分钟恢复。咪唑安定组均使N_20潜伏期和CCT显著延长,且在病人苏醒后仍未恢复,对N_(14)潜伏期无影响,N_(20)-P_(25)波幅出现明显下降。依托咪酯组出现N_(20)-P_(25)波幅明显增大,且在病人苏醒后仍未降至基础值,对潜伏期的影响与咪唑安定类似。结论:依托咪酯较适合术中行诱发电位监护时应用。 相似文献
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C.C. McLOUGHLIN MB FFARCS R.K. MIRAKHUR MD PhD FFARCS P. ELLIOTT MD FFARCS H.J.L. CRAIG MD FFARCS E.R. TRIMBLE MD FRCP MRCPath 《Paediatric anaesthesia》1991,1(2):101-106
The immediate changes in serum potassium and calcium and 24-h changes in creatine kinase (CK) following suxamethonium administration were compared in children undergoing strabismus repair or tonsillectomy following induction of anaesthesia with thiopentone or halothane. A separate group of children were anaesthetized with isoflurane and did not receive suxamethonium. There was a significant increase ( P < 0.05) in serum potassium of 0.26 and 0.56 mmolċ−1 following halothane-suxamethonium induction and a significant decrease ( P < 0.05) of 0.35 and 0.13 mmolċ−1 after thiopentone-suxamethonium induction in the strabismus and tonsillectomy groups respectively. There was an increase in the 24 h CK values of 624 and 694 uċl−1 ( P < 0.05) in patients receiving halothane-suxamethonium induction and of 43 (NS) and 247 uċ−1 ( P < 0.05) in patients receiving thiopentone-suxamethonium induction in the strabismus and tonsillectomy groups respectively. Suxamethonium administration was associated with a small but sometimes significant ( P < 0.05) decrease in total serum calcium concentrations (0.036 to 0.049 mmolċ−1 ). Changes in all indices were minimal in children anaesthetized with isoflurane. It is concluded that the administration of halothane and suxamethonium is the main cause for the changes in serum potassium and CK and not the presence of strabismus. 相似文献
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四种常用静脉麻醉药对老年病人血液动力学影响的比较 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
目的 探讨脑电双频指数(BIS)为50时,硫喷妥钠、丙泊酚、咪唑安定、依托咪酯用于老年病人全麻诱导的剂量及其对血液动力学的影响。方法 65岁以上的老年病人48例,随机分为四组:硫喷妥钠组,丙泊酚组,咪唑安定组,依托咪酯组。四组均缓慢静注,并且用HXD-1型脑电监测仪测量每例病人的BIS。当BIS逐渐下降至50时停止静注,分别于注药前、注药后1、3、5、10min用Rheo Cardio Monitor连续非创伤性血液动力监测仪记录和计算出血液动力学有关参数。结果 BP下降以丙泊酚组为显著。丙泊酚组和硫喷妥钠组的PEP/LVEF比值明显增加,但丙泊酚组>硫喷妥钠组。除依托咪酯组以外其他各组的每搏指数(SD、心脏指数(CI)、射血速率(EV)和每搏功(LVP)均有不同程度的降低,但以丙泊酚组为显著。依托咪酯组体循环血管阻力(SVR)无明显变化,硫喷妥钠组和咪唑安定组均有不同程度的升高,以咪唑安定组为显著,丙泊酚组明显下降。舒张末容量(EDV)咪唑安定组明显下降,其他各组无明显变化。结论 四种静脉麻醉药对老年病人血液动力学的影响由大到小依次为丙泊酚>咪唑安定>硫喷妥钠>依托咪酯。BIS为50时,老年病人各静脉麻醉药的等效剂量为硫喷妥钠4mg/kg、丙泊酚1.2mg/kg、咪唑安定0.16mg/kg、依托咪酯0.34mg/kg。对于心功能较差和血容量不足的老年病人全麻诱导,依托咪酯是首选的静脉麻醉诱导药。 相似文献