脑膜瘤术前颈外供血动脉超选择栓塞治疗

目的回顾40例脑膜瘤施行术前血管内栓塞治疗,阐明栓塞的效果.方法 40例幕上脑膜瘤均行术前超选择颈外供血动脉明胶微粒栓塞,栓塞后1～7d行开颅脑膜瘤切除.结果肿瘤单纯颈外供血19例,颈内、颈外均参与供血21例(其中颈内为主6例).肿瘤全切除38例,大部分切除2例,无栓塞相关并发症.结论单纯颈外供血或主要颈外供血者,栓塞后3～7d施肿瘤切除术,术中出血明显减少,手术时间显著缩短,并发症少.超选择栓塞治疗能减少栓塞治疗本身的并发症,是一种安全而有效的辅助治疗.     

Glubran2胶超选择性术前栓塞颅底脑膜瘤的初步临床研究

目的：初步探讨和总结应用Glubran2胶超选择性术前栓塞颅底脑膜瘤的疗效和安全性。方法对12例经DSA全脑血管造影证实为完全以颈外动脉供血或以颈外动脉供血为主的颅底脑膜瘤,应用Glubran2胶通过微导管超选择术前栓塞肿瘤,栓塞后7-9d行手术切除肿瘤。结果栓塞后肿瘤染色完全消失5例,大部分消失7例,无栓塞相关并发症。肿瘤全切除9例,大部切除3例,术中出血少,手术时间在2-5h,平均3．5h,术后病人均恢复良好。结论 Glubran2胶超选择性术前栓塞颅底脑膜瘤是一种安全、有效的方法,有助于减少手术切除肿瘤过程中失血、缩短手术时间、降低手术难度、提高肿瘤的全切率、减少手术并发症。     

超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性术前栓塞脑膜瘤

目的 探讨超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性术前栓塞脑膜瘤的疗效和安全性。方法　对6例直径大于4cm的脑膜瘤行术前栓塞,先以超液化碘油注入,在肿瘤内弥散,再以GLUBRAN胶栓塞供血动脉主干。结果 6例脑膜瘤行脑血管造影检查,4例为颈内、外动脉双重供血,2例为单纯颈外动脉供血。超液化碘油和GLUBRAN胶超选择性栓塞后,肿瘤染色完全消失2例,大部消失4例。1例患者为后颅窝脑膜瘤伴梗阻性脑积水,完全栓塞后26h出现意识模糊,随后突发呼吸停止,术中未见肿瘤内出血,考虑可能与栓塞后肿瘤膨胀导致梗阻性脑积水加重有关, 出院时患者完全恢复。其余5例患者术中术后均无与栓塞操作有关的并发症。5例完全手术切除,1例大部分切除,患者术中出血较易控制。患者术后均顺利出院,随访1年无复发。结论 超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性术前栓塞脑膜瘤是安全有效的介入治疗方法,能达到永久栓塞,有助于减少手术切除过程中失血,缩短手术时间,减少手术并发症,但对于伴有梗阻性脑积水的后颅窝脑膜瘤术前栓塞应慎重。     

超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性术前栓塞脑膜瘤6例效果观察

目的 探讨超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性术前栓塞脑膜瘤的疗效和安全性.方法 对6例最大径大于4 cm的脑膜瘤脑血管造影检查,4例为颈内、外动脉双重供血,2例为单纯颈外动脉供血,行术前栓塞,先以超液化碘油注入,在肿瘤内弥散,再以Glubran胶栓塞供血动脉主干.结果 超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性栓塞后,肿瘤染色完全消失2例,大部分消失4例.1例患者为后颅窝脑膜瘤伴梗阻性脑积水,完全栓塞后26 h出现意识模糊,随后突发呼吸停止,术中未见肿瘤内出血,考虑可能与栓塞后肿瘤膨胀导致梗阻性脑积水加重有关,出院时患者完全恢复.其余5例患者术中术后均无与栓塞操作有关的并发症.5例完全手术切除,1例大部分切除,患者术中出血较易控制.患者术后均顺利出院,随访1年无复发.结论 超液化碘油和Glubran胶超选择性术前栓塞脑膜瘤是安全有效的介入治疗方法,能达到永久栓塞,有助于减少手术切除过程中失血,缩短手术时间,减少手术并发症,但对于伴有梗阻性脑积水的后颅窝脑膜瘤术前栓塞应慎重.     

鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前血管造影及超选择栓塞治疗

目的 探讨鼻咽部纤维血管瘤术前超选择栓塞的临床价值.方法 14例经CT和CTA诊断并为手术病理证实的鼻咽部纤维血管瘤患者,术前全部行双侧颈内、外动脉血管造影.肿瘤均为颈外系统供血,术前使用300～510 μm多聚乙烯醇颗粒(PVA)及明胶海绵条超选择性栓塞治疗,栓塞后1～3天行手术切除.结果 14例患者,其中颌内动脉分支供血9例,颌内动脉和咽升动脉分支供血5例.所有患者颈外动脉供血分支用Cobra导管超选择性栓塞,均获得成功.栓塞后,13例肿瘤染色完全消失,1例肿瘤染色大部分消失.无临床并发症出现.结论 术前血管内超选择栓塞供血动脉是治疗鼻咽部纤维血管瘤一种安全、有效的辅助方法.     

颅底脑膜瘤术前栓塞治疗

目的 探讨颅底脑膜瘤术前行供血动脉栓塞的应用价值。方法 全部病例行CT或MRI影像学检查明确诊断颅底脑膜瘤，全脑血管造影证实主要由颈外动脉供血，选择脑膜中动脉或颌内动脉栓塞治疗。结果 颅底脑膜瘤术前行栓塞治疗可使术中出血明显减少，肿瘤质地变脆，有利于分块切除全部肿瘤组织。结论 颅底脑膜瘤术前栓塞治疗是肿瘤全切除的重要辅助手段。     

鼻咽部纤维血管瘤术前血管栓塞的临床应用

目的探讨鼻咽部纤维血管瘤术前血管造影表现和血管栓塞治疗的临床应用价值.方法采用Seldinger技术,经股动脉入路,分别进行双侧颈内外动脉及椎动脉血管造影;根据造影结果,采取超选择插管对肿瘤颈外系统供血动脉进行栓塞,栓塞后7d内行手术切除.结果 11例患者,患侧颌内动脉分支供血7例,双侧颌内动脉分支供血2例,患侧颌内动脉及咽升动脉分支供血1例,患侧颌内动脉及颈内动脉分支供血1例;所有患者颈外动脉供血分支超选择性栓塞均获得成功;栓塞后均未发生严重并发症;栓塞后,11例7 d内行手术切除,术中出血少,手术平均出血约300 mL.结论血管造影和血管栓塞治疗鼻咽部血管瘤是一种安全有效的术前辅助治疗方法.     

脑膜瘤血管造影及术前栓塞治疗

目的探讨数字减影血管造影对脑膜瘤的诊断价值及术前栓塞的临床效果。方法选择脑膜瘤58例行全脑血管造影．对颈外动脉主要参与供血者进行血管内栓塞。结果58例脑膜瘤中，血管造影显示肿瘤由单纯颈外动脉或以颈外动脉供血为主者43例。经颈外动脉分支用250～350μm颗粒栓塞剂实施栓塞，肿瘤染色完全消失31例，大部消失12例。无栓塞相关并发症。于血管造影、栓塞后l～7d手术，肿瘤全切53例，大部切除5例。栓塞后肿瘤出血明显减少，平均出血量600ml。结论数字减影血管造影是脑膜瘤重要的诊断手段之一，术前栓塞可使术中出血减少，手术时间缩短，是一种安全、有效的辅助治疗措施。     

巨大脑膜瘤的术前栓塞

目的探讨术前栓塞对巨大脑膜瘤手术切除的作用。方法14例经CT、MR诊断的直径在6～11cm的巨大脑膜瘤患者，术前在局麻下行DSA检查证实为富血管脑膜瘤，明确供血动脉后经微导管行供血动脉明胶海绵栓塞，栓塞3～7d均行手术切除。结果微导管均达到脑膜瘤供血动脉，注入适量的明胶海绵粉末后，9例完全栓塞，肿瘤和肿瘤染色完全消失；5例肿瘤染色大部分消失。14例栓塞后均顺利实施肿瘤手术切除，与既往未栓塞病例比较，行术前栓塞的病例术中出血明显减少，手术视野清晰，容易分块切除，手术时间缩短。14例均未出现手术并发症。结论术前栓塞巨大脑膜瘤使肿瘤切除更为容易，术中出血明显减少，手术时间缩短，能提高手术安全性，明显降低手术并发症和死亡率。     

脑膜瘤术前超选择性颈外动脉栓塞术的临床应用

目的 探讨脑膜瘤术前超选择性颈外动脉栓塞术在临床手术的应用价值及脑膜瘤供血情况。方法 ２３例经ＣＴ或ＭＲ诊断的脑膜瘤,术前均先行颈外动脉造影并超选择性栓塞术。结果 所有术前作颈外动脉栓塞的脑膜瘤,肿瘤体积缩小,手术切除容易,术中出血减少,手术时间缩短。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.