AIS大家系的AR突变效应分析

目的：分析雄性激素不敏感综合征（AIS）大家系的AR突变效应。方法：从AIS患者外周血中将基因组DNA提取出来,以特异的引物聚合酶联反应（PCR）扩张雄激素受体（AR）基因,单链构象多态性分析（SSCP）扩增产物,将突变的外显子筛选出来,然后对其直接进行PCR产物测序。结果：所选取的8例人员中,有2例AIS患者缺失AR基因2号外显子,其余6例存在外显子电泳条带,经过基因测序,发现其符合正常AR基因。结论：本研究方法简便实用,在临床诊断和研究AIS中具有极为有益的应用。     

4C延续性护理方案在血管内治疗AIS患者中的应用

目的 探讨4C延续性护理方案在血管内治疗AIS患者中的应用效果。方法 将97例血管内治疗AIS患者按随机数字表法分为对照组（n = 47）和干预组（n = 50）,对照组采取常规电话随访,干预组在此基础上实施4C延续护理。干预3个月后采用脑卒中专用生活质量量表（SS - QOL）、日常生活活动能力（Barthel指数）及康复依从性量表比较实施后的效果。结果 （1）干预组和对照组患者（SS - QOL）总分分别为（202.50±43.61）和（162.32±36.58）分,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（2）干预组Barthel指数得分及康复依从性各项得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 运用4C延续护理方案能够提高患者自理能力、康复依从性及生活质量,增强康复效果,值得临床推广。     

Kinesiological examinations and cutaneous EMG with integrated 3D UH system in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (type: King 1-13)

The origin of idiopathic scoliosis is unknown however there are many hypothesis. One of them is the biomechanic theory. The cause of spreading the cutaneous EMG is: noninvasive, and can be used during movements. AIM: Authors find by CMS system in their earlier examination, that range of right rotation (of idiopathic scoliotic spine King 1-3 type) increased. They supposed that the change of spine motion cause change in muscle functions also. To verify this hypothesis above: they made examinations by cutaneous EMG parallel to the kinesiological examinations.(CMS system, 3D ultrasound movement analyse). METHOD: Kinesiological examinations on 25 girls with idiopathic scoliosis (King 1-3) were performed parallel to examining cutaneous bilateral EMG on eight spinal close muscles. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: They established that beside functional movements there were a so called non-functional movement however this component were small. Analysing the results, they used phase and amplitude analysis. In the course of phase- and amplitude analysis, they took only those changes into consideration which were significantly different of the two side compared with to healty groups. In the course of phase- and amplitude analysis, they found: that muscle erector spine was weakened in strength and decreased in movement range. They intend to make clear the etiology part in idiopathic scoliosis.     

心理体检在企业年度健康体检中的应用

目的了解广州IT企业员工心理健康状况,并对心理体检方式在年度健康体检中的应用进行探索。方法以自愿的方式,对进行年度体检的391名企业员工放发SCL-90自评量表和应对方式问卷,了解企业员工心理健康状况和应付方式特点,以及对心理体检的接受程度。结果收回合格问卷168份,回收率为40.47%。企业员工恐怖和精神病2个因子均分高于全国常模(P<0.01),抑郁和焦虑2个因子均分低于对照组(P<0.01)。员工较多运用解决问题和求助的积极应对方式,最后选择自责的方式。结论心理体检作为新生事物,有59.53%的人不能自觉接受心理体检调查。对心理健康状况的关注应引起企业和个人的重视。     

2008-2012年乌鲁木齐市职业病检查机构岗前职业健康检查结果分析

目的了解岗前职业健康检查现状,为职业病防治提供预防依据。方法对2008-2012年乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心职业健康检查资料进行汇总分析,通过访谈收集相关信息。结果5年累计检查9695人,其中岗前检查占16．00％,离岗检查占4．14％,多为岗中体检者。岗前体检者检查结果异常者占总检查人数的7．41％,以不宜从事噪声作业者居多,占46．09％;不宜从事粉尘作业者占16．52％。岗前检查包括新录用劳动者和转岗劳动者,后者检出异常者的比例明显高于前者,差异有统计学意义。新录用劳动者检查异常主要为不宜从事噪声作业,转岗劳动者则以粉尘观察对象居多,并且两者年龄分布上差异有统计学意义。结论岗前职业健康检查在总职业体检人群中所占的比例较低,加强岗前职业健康检查对职业病防治起到一级预防作用。     

检验信息管理系统在检验工作中的应用体会和方法

随着计算机的应用与普及,医院计算机网络化管理已成为医院管理现代化的标志。“军字１号”工程的实施为检验信息管理工作实现计算网络化管理提供了条件。同时,改善了工作效率和工作质量;减轻了劳动强度;增加了收费和检验结果的透明度。     

Medical examination in nutrition surveys

Pellagra was the most important deficiency disease used as a model for nutrition surveys, because its diagnosis depended on physical signs. By the mid twentieth century, laboratory tests improved the specificity of physical signs in diagnosis of deficiency disease. The author uses his experience in Panama to illustrate how attention to the details of a medical examination can improve accuracy and sensitivity of a nutrition survey.     

粉尘作业体检中肺通气功能测定的应用价值

在粉尘作业者健康检查中以用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力肺活量(FEV1)、最大呼气流速中50%的肺活量(FEF50)实测值占预计值百分比(%)3项指标为主进行通气及小气道功能测定,对检查中103例异常者进行复查.时3项指标反复测定异常者进一步详细询问病史,进行体检项目的复检和补充相关检查.经临床诊断有尘肺表现18例,其中6例合并慢支、支扩、肺气肿.肺功能以阻塞为主的慢性呼吸系统疾病45例,以限制性为主的肺及胸膜胸廓等疾病22例,共计67例(占65.05%),其中56例按职业禁忌证(占54.37%)处理.提示在粉尘作业者的职业性健康检查中,应用上述3项主要指标进行肺通气功能监护可为一些目标疾病提供诊断线索,尤其是在职业禁忌证的判断中有重要的应用价值.     

大肠充气法MSCT成像在大肠病变检查中的价值

目的探讨大肠充气法16排CT成像在大肠病变检查中的临床价值。方法 57例疑诊大肠病变患者完成大肠充气法16排CT三期增强扫描(对比剂开始注射后25s、48～50s、58s),采用Neusoft16扫描仪,在工作站完成CT仿真内镜、多平面重组、容积重建等后处理观察,并与肠镜或手术病理对照。结果 CT检出大肠病变46例,误漏诊5例,诊断敏感度93.3%,特异度73.3%,准确率91.2%,阳性预测值95.5%,阴性预测值76.9%。结论大肠充气法16排CT成像有较高的大肠病变定性定位诊断准确率,值得推广。     

Preoperative examination: anamnesis and physical examination mandatory]

Preoperative assessment has been subject to discussion for many years. What should be done and by whom? Fortunately there is a general consensus that routine laboratory and function tests are not only of no benefit to the patient but are also wasteful of resources. The Preoperative Assessment Commission of the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, supports the initiative for preoperative assessment clinics run by anaesthesiologists. Yet in their advice, this Commission has proposed screening by means of an abridged questionnaire. Efforts to validate this questionnaire have demonstrated that in practice it was not helpful. Therefore it seems justified to conclude that preoperative screening should not fundamentally differ from that performed during a basic clinical examination.     

健康体检机构实验室检查质量控制管理探索与展望

随着健康体检行业的不断发展,机构类型变化多样,健康体检实验室检查质量控制也面临着新的挑战,既要涉及两专业的各自的特点,又要兼顾实际工作中的交叉点,如何在健康体检行业的特殊性与实验室检查的技术性中找到有效的质量控制方案,建立完善的质量管理体系,杜绝质控盲区,是健康体检实验室质量控制的重点。本文结合天津市健康体检实验室检查现状分析健康体检实验室检查质量控制的特点和存在问题,对实验室质量控制管理进行了探索与展望。     

宫颈疾病筛查项目在女性健康体检中应用状况分析

目的通过对健康体检人群中宫颈癌筛查项目应用状况的分析,提高健康人群对宫颈癌筛查的认识,降低宫颈癌的发生率。方法2008年10月1日至2009年9月30日在上海交通大学附属第六人民医院参加健康体检的妇女共15553例次,年龄（38．0±8．6）岁,对其中行宫颈疾病筛查项目的情况及筛查结果进行回顾性分析。结果行妇科专项体检者11542例次,占妇女健康体检总数的74．21%,单一行液基超薄技术（TCT）检测项目者占妇科体检总数的13．55％,TCT＋高危型人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）为6．60％,TCT＋HPV筛查宫颈疾病的异常检出率显著高于单一TCT检测（X^2=15．87,P〈0．05）。结论健康体检中对妇女进行宫颈癌的筛查率低。