自身抗体在自身免疫性肝病诊断中的价值

目的：探讨自身抗体谱分析在自身免疫性肝病（ALD）诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析864例肝病患者中各类自身免疫性肝病的分布、年龄、性别特征及自身抗体（ANA）、肝抗原自身抗体阳性率。结果864例患者中,病毒性肝炎763例、自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）51例、原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）37例、原发性硬化性胆管炎（PSC）4例和重叠综合征（OS）9例。ALD多见于40岁以上女性。病毒性肝炎组ANA、抗平滑肌肌动蛋白抗体（ASMA）、抗肝肾微粒体抗体1型抗体（LKM-1）的阳性率分别为23．3％、4．6％、1．0％;AIH组ANA、ASMA、抗LKM-1、抗肝细胞溶质抗原1型抗体（抗LC-1）、抗可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原抗体（抗SLA/LP）、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（ANCA）的阳性率分别为78．1％、70．6％、7．8％、5．9％、9．8％、29．4％;PBC组ANA、ASMA、抗线粒体抗体亚型M2（AMA-M2）的阳性率分别为83．9％、37．8％、86．5％。结论自身抗体检测是诊断自身免疫性肝病的必要条件,但这些自身抗体也可见于病毒性肝炎。     

乙型肝炎患者抗核抗体检测的临床价值

目的 探讨检测乙型肝炎(简称乙肝),乙肝后肝硬化、肝癌患者血清中抗核抗体(ANA)的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对 395份血液标本进行ANA检测,其中乙肝组293例、乙肝后肝硬化组49例、肝癌组53例,健康对照组62例.结果 健康对照组ANA阳性3 例(4.8%)、乙肝组ANA均值为0.81,阳性54例(18.4%);肝硬化组ANA均值为1.09,阳性 19例(38.8%);肝癌组ANA均值为1.07,阳性21 例(39.6%).各组与健康对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);肝硬化组、肝癌组与乙肝组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);乙肝后肝硬化与肝癌差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 ANA的检测对乙肝的预后判断、发展和转归有一定意义.     

225例肝病患者自身抗体检测结果分析

目的：探讨各种肝病患者中自身抗体检测在自身免疫性肝病（autoimmune liver disease, ALD）包括自身免疫性肝炎（autoimmune hepatitis, AIH）、原发性胆汁性肝硬化（primary biliary cirrhosis, PBC）及原发性硬化性胆管炎（primary sclerosing cholangitis, PSC）中的临床意义。方法选择我院2013年1月-2014年2月消化科、肝胆外科、移植外科等收治的各种肝病患者225例,分为ALD患者组和其他肝病患者组。用间接免疫荧光法检测225份临床血清标本中抗核抗体（antinuclear antibody, ANA）、抗平滑肌抗体（antismooth muscle antibody, SMA）和抗线粒体抗体（anti-mitochondrial antibody, AMA）,用欧蒙印迹法检测抗肝肾微粒体抗体（liver kidney microsomal, LKM）、抗肝细胞溶质抗原Ⅰ型抗体（liver cytosol-1, LC-1）、抗可溶性肝抗原抗体/抗肝胰抗体（anti-soluble liver antigen antibody/liver pancreas antigen, SLA/LP）、AMAⅡ型（AMA-M2）并查阅临床资料,对检测结果作出分析。结果 ALD 患者组ANA阳性率为77．78％,SMA阳性率为7．41％,AMA阳性率为55．56％,LKM 阳性率为7．41％,AMA-M2阳性率为48．15％,SLA/LP 阳性率为7．41％,LC-1阳性率为3．70％。其他肝病患者组 ANA 阳性率为26．26％,SMA 阳性率为4．55％,AMA 阳性率为11．11％,LKM 阳性率为0．51％,AMA-M2阳性率为5．05％,SLA/LP阳性率为2．53％,LC-1阳性率为1．52％。ALD患者组自身抗体阳性率与其他肝病患者组相比较,ANA、AMA、LKM、AMA-M2差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0．05）。结论 ALD患者自身抗体检出率较高,为临床医生鉴别病毒性肝炎、ALD及其他肝病提供可靠依据。     

酒精性肝病患者同型半胱氨酸与叶酸水平观察

目的探讨酒精性肝病(ALD)患者血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与叶酸浓度变化及二者与ALD的关系。方法选择轻型酒精性肝病60例,酒精性脂肪肝64例,酒精性肝炎42例,酒精性肝硬化40例,健康人群55例,并测定血浆中Hcy和叶酸含量。结果各酒精性肝病组Hcy和叶酸水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);各酒精性肝病组治疗后Hcy和叶酸水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05);酒精性肝硬化组治疗后Hcy和叶酸水平高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组,轻型酒精性肝病组,酒精性脂肪肝组和酒精性肝炎组Hcy和叶酸存在相关性(r=0.513,P<0.001;r=0.513,P<0.001;r=0.513,P<0.001;r=0.513,P<0.001),但酒精性肝硬化组二者间无相关性(r=0.201,P>0.05)。结论酒精性肝病Hcy和叶酸水平变化可反映肝功能损害程度,对ALD的治疗与预后判断有一定临床意义。     

自身免疫性肝病及其自身抗体谱分析

目的探讨重庆地区不同类型自身免疫性肝病患者血清中自身抗体谱的特征及其临床应用价值。方法 743例肝病送检样本中81例确诊为自身免疫性肝病,将其分为3组:(1)自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)38例;(2)原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)30例;(3)重叠综合征13例。用间接免疫荧光法检测抗核抗体(ANA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)、抗肝肾微粒抗体(LKM)、抗可溶性肝抗原(SLA)等,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)定量测定抗线粒体M2亚型。结果 743例中诊断为AIH、PBC和重叠综合征分别为送检标本的5.11%、4.04%和1.75%,总计10.9%。AIH患者ANA阳性率为78.9%,AMA及M2亚型阳性率为18.4%,SMA阳性率为7.89%;PBC患者ANA阳性率为73.3%;AMA和M2阳性率为26.7%;重叠综合征患者ANA及AMA阳性率为100%。结论自身免疫性肝病抗体谱检测有助于自身免疫性肝病诊断,非病毒性肝炎诊断时应考虑自身免疫性肝病。     

乙型肝炎患者自身抗体的特点分析

目的分析乙型肝炎患者体内自身抗体的特点,探讨自身抗体在乙型肝炎的病因和发病机制中的作用。方法采用间接免疫荧光法和欧蒙印迹法检测150例乙型肝炎患者(HBV组)、31例自身免疫性肝炎患者(AIH组)和100例健康人血清中的抗核抗体(ANA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗肝肾微粒体抗体(LKM-1)、抗肝特异性蛋白抗体(LSP)、抗胃壁细胞抗体(APCA)、抗心肌抗体(AHRA)、抗可溶性肝抗原/抗肝胰抗原(SLA/LP)、抗线粒体II型抗体(AMA-M2)、肝溶质抗原I型(LC-1)等自身抗体,并进行分析。结果 HBV组ANA、LKM-1、SAMA、AMA-M2、APCA阳性率分别是12.67%、0.67%、0.67%、0.67%、0.67%,而且阳性滴度都低于1∶320,阳性结果中89.47%滴度都处于1∶100,均低于AIH组,以高滴度为主,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);乙型肝炎DNA阳性组自身抗体阳性率高于DNA阴性组(P0.05),ANA阳性组和阴性组肝功能有差异,ANA阳性组的AST、ALT明显高于ANA阴性组(P0.05)。结论乙型肝炎患者血清中存在多种自身抗体,但与自身免疫性肝炎相比滴度较低;HBV引起的自身免疫紊乱尤其是病毒处于复制状态是造成机体免疫损的机制之一,可能引起肝功能损伤。     

肝病相关抗体和生化检测指标在自身免疫性肝炎诊断中的意义

目的进一步探索自身抗体和生化检测指标在自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)诊断中的价值,为临床诊断提供实验室依据。方法选取AIH患者为AIH组(n=35)、病毒性肝炎患者为病毒性肝炎组(n=30,包括9例甲型肝炎,15例乙型肝炎,6例丙型肝炎),另选取33健康体检者作为健康对照组(n=33),采用间接免疫荧光法检测抗核抗体(ANA)、抗平滑肌抗体(ASMA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA),免疫印迹法检测抗可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原(SLA/LP)、抗肝细胞浆抗体(LC-1)、抗肝肾微粒体抗体(LKM)、抗线粒体抗体M2亚型(AMA-M2)和全自动生化分析仪检测生化指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、总胆红素(T-BIL)、直接胆红素(D-BIL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)。结果ANA、ASMA、AMA、AMA-M2在AIH组中检测阳性率显著高于病毒性肝炎组和健康对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。ALP、GGT在AIH组中显著高于其他两组,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。D-BIL在病毒性肝炎组显著高于其他两组,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论结合自身抗体和实验室生化检测能够帮助临床对AIH做出诊断。     

ANA,ASMA和SLA/LP在自身免疫性肝炎中的表达及其对疾病鉴别诊断价值研究

目的:研究3项自身免疫抗体在自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)中的表达情况及抗体滴度差异,探讨联合检测自身免疫抗体对AIH鉴别诊断价值.方法:选取73例AIH患者,75例病毒性肝炎患者和75例健康体检者分3组进行自身免疫抗体检测,应用间接免疫荧光法进行抗核抗体(ANA)和抗平滑肌抗体(ASMA)测定,应用免疫印迹法进行抗可溶性肝抗原/抗肝胰抗原抗体(SLA/LP)测定,并对各检测结果进行比较分析.结果:AIH组患者ANA,ASMA和SLA/LP检测阳性率均显著高于两组非AIH患者(P<0.05),阳性率分别为ANA(64.4%),ASMA(58.9%)和SLA/LP(27.4%);AIH组患者高滴度(≥1∶320)ANA检出率显著高于两组非AIH患者(P<0.05);3项自身免疫抗体联合检测诊断AIH的敏感度和特异度分别为50.2%和97.3%.结论:联合检测3项自身免疫抗体及分析ANA抗体滴度,对AIH具有鉴别诊断价值.     

Red blood cell status in alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease.

Macrocytosis is most commonly associated with vitamin B(12) and folic acid deficiency, followed by alcoholism, liver disease, and other pathologic conditions. We studied the red cell and vitamin status in 423 consecutive patients with various liver diseases, including 31 with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), 105 with chronic hepatitis (CH), and 134 with alcoholic liver disease (ALD), who consisted of 84 with non-cirrhotic alcoholic liver disease (NCALD) and 50 with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC), 60 with non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis (NALC), and 93 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) were significantly higher in patients with ALD and NALC, and among them macrocytosis occurred more frequently in patients with ALC. Macrocytic anemia was mostly found in cirrhotic patients, in which the Child-Pugh score was closely related to the development of macrocytic anemia. In ALD, the MCV was significantly correlated with the estimated alcohol consumption and inversely correlated with the serum folic acid level, which, however, was often maintained within the normal range in patients with macrocytic ALC. After abstinence from alcohol, the MCV and RDW were reduced significantly and were associated with an increasing serum folic acid level. This suggests that macrocytic anemia was a common feature of alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis and that alcohol abuse and folic acid deficiency play a secondary role in macrocytosis.     

自身免疫性肝病抗体在肝病诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨自身免疫性肝病抗体在肝病诊断中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2145例肝病患者的自身抗体结果,并对自身抗体阳性的结果进行临床分析。结果 2145例患者中共检测出自身抗体阳性359例,阳性率为16.7%。诊断原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）64例,检出率为3.0%,诊断自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）59例,检出率为2.8%。73.4%PBC患者血清抗核抗体（ANA）≥1∶320,且26.6%抗线粒体抗体（AMA）为阳性;49.2%AIH患者血清ANA≥1∶320,且3.3%AMA为阳性。PBC患者核膜型及着丝点型显著多于AIH患者,而均质型及着丝点颗粒型显著少于AIH患者,差异均有统计学意义。ANA阳性≥1∶320乙型肝炎患者谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷酰转肽酶（GGT）及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）水平显著高于ANA阳性≥1∶100及ANA阴性患者,差异有统计学意义。结论自身抗体检测是诊断自身免疫性肝病的必要条件,但需鉴别病毒性肝炎、药物性肝炎和其他疾病。     

HBV持续感染患者血清ANA、免疫球蛋白和补体水平及其临床意义

目的 探讨外周血抗核抗体(ANA)、免疫球蛋白和补体在乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)持续感染患者中的水平及意义.方法 将92例HBV感染患者分为慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)组27例和肝硬化组65例,另选健康体检者60例为对照组,比较3组ANA、免疫球蛋白和补体水平,分析CHB患者发生肝硬化的危险因素,探讨各指标的诊断价值.结果 各组...     

1-14C]Ethanol breath test in alcoholic liver disease

The activity of ethanol metabolising enzymes was assessed in 51 patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease using tracer doses of [1-14C]ethanol and measuring 14CO2 excretion in the breath. Alcoholic patients with only fatty infiltration of the liver showed significantly increased activity compared with controls. Comparing alcoholic patients with cirrhosis and a serum albumin greater than 28 g/l, activity in those with a recent history of continued heavy drinking was significantly greater than in patients who had abstained from alcohol. In addition, both groups of alcoholic cirrhosis showed significantly more activity than patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis. The activities of patients with acute alcoholic or viral hepatitis were normal when their prothrombin times were less than 7 sec prolonged, but were reduced when prolongation exceeded 7 sec. These results demonstrate that in chronic alcoholic liver disease, even with cirrhosis, alcohol can still increase the activity of ethanol oxidising enzymes provided hepatic function remains adequate. However, this response is lost in acute liver damage and in chronic alcoholic disease with severe hepatic dysfunction.     

酒精性肝病 90例临床分析

目的:分析酒精性肝病患者发病情况及临床特点。方法:根据门诊及住院患者的饮酒量、饮酒时间、临床表现、肝功能检查、影像学检查、相应并发症、治疗等临床资料,进行分析和讨论。结果:酒精性肝病发病有增多趋势,长期饮酒史和AST/ALT、GGT、TBiL对酒精性肝炎的诊断有重要意义。A/G比值随疾病进展而降低。慢性病毒性肝炎的饮酒者预后差,死亡的主要原因是肝硬化的晚期并发症。结论:酒精性肝病病情和预后与长期饮酒史(包括饮酒量、饮酒时间)有关。对于有饮酒嗜好的病人,应对其进行健康教育劝其戒酒,并定期监测AST/ALT、GGT、TBiL等生化指标,及早进行治疗,改善预后。     

慢性乙型肝炎合并酒精性肝病患者血清瘦素测定的临床价值

目的测定慢性乙型肝炎合并酒精性肝病患者血清瘦素水平，并探讨与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法选择慢性乙型肝炎合并酒精性肝病患者17例，肝硬化15例，慢性乙型肝炎19例与12例男性健康受试者为对照组，各组间在性别、年龄和体质量指数（BMI）均相匹配。采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定血清瘦素，同时测定血糖、血脂、胰岛素和肝肾功能等指标，并测量身高、体质量，计算BMI。并进行结果分析。结果慢性乙型肝炎合并酒精性肝病、肝硬化组血清瘦素水平高于对照组（P〈0．05），慢性乙型肝炎组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），慢性乙型肝炎合并酒精性肝病组瘦素水平与BMI、FINS呈显著正相关（r值分别为0．169，0．267，P〈0．05）；瘦素与三酰甘油里明显负相关（r值为-0．249，P〈0．05）。结论慢性乙型肝炎合并酒精性肝病患者血清瘦素水平明显增高，与高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗存在相关性，瘦素表达不能评价肝病严重程度。     

乙型肝炎病毒感染者血清抗核抗体的研究

目的探讨乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染者血清抗核抗体(ANA)特征及其与临床的相关性。方法收集慢性乙肝(CHB)、乙肝后肝硬化(LC)、肝癌(HCC)患者共376例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测ANA。结果 (1)376例患者中ANA阳性99例(26.3%),其中CHB组58例,占21.0%(58/276),LC组20例,占38.5%(20/52),HCC组21例,占43.7%(21/48);健康对照组ANA阳性2例,占3.0%(2/66)。3组均明显高于健康对照组;LC、HCC与CHB组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);LC组与HCC组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)CHB、LC和HCC组ANA以低滴度(1/100)为主,分别为72.4%(42/58)、65.0%(13/20)和71.4%(15/21)。(3)ANA滴度1/100和大于或等于1/320的丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、HBV-DNA各指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 HBV感染者出现的自身抗体以ANA为主,HCC组阳性率最高。70.7%的HBV感染者ANA为低滴度阳性,对其滴度的高低与肝细胞损伤及HBV-DNA复制率无明显相关。     

Plasma fibronectin and alcoholic liver disease

The authors examined, in 58 chronic alcoholics, the behaviour of plasma fibronectin, SGPT and seric albumin. Among the patients, ten were without liver damage while the others were affected with alcoholic liver disease at different stages, such as steatosis (12), steatofibrosis (14), evolutive chronic hepatitis (10), cirrhosis (12). The levels of plasma fibronectin appeared significantly increased in the cases with steatofibrosis, evolutive chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis; unimportant changes were noted in the cases with steatosis. SGPT always resulted increased, showing the existence of cytolysis related with plasma fibronectin levels, while seric albumin was constantly reduced with negative ratio to fibronectin levels, except in cases of decompensated cirrhosis. The authors believe that the monitoring of plasma fibronectin in chronic alcoholics may be a suitable means to reveal an increased liver fibrosis.     

Depressed delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity in alcoholic hepatitis.

Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity was studied in 10 patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis, 9 patients with either inactive alcoholic cirrhosis or alcoholic fatty liver, and 10 agematched controls. The mean response of the alcoholic hepatitis group was significantly less compared to controls for SK-SD (P less than 0.001), mumps (P less than 0.001), trichophyton (P less than 0.025), and Candida albicans (P less than 0.025). Upon clinical recovery, the response of the 6 surviving patients with alcoholic hepatitis was similar to controls for 4 of the 5 antigens tested, and the improvements in response to SK-SD and Candida albicans were significant (P less than 0.02 and P less than 0.05). The mean percentage and absolute numbers of thymus-derived lymphocytes were significantly less in the alcoholic hepatitis group compared with controls. Both the alcoholic hepatitis patients and patients with less advanced alcoholic liver disease had a diminished response to concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin. This study demonstrates a reversible depression of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity in alcoholic hepatitis. Several mechanisms may help account for this finding. We recommend that skin tests in patients with alcoholic hepatitis be interpreted with this phenomenon in mind.     

乙型肝炎患者血清自身抗体检测的研究

目的　检测乙型肝炎患者血清自身抗体并分析其临床意义。方法　以 HEP- 2细胞、鼠胃和鼠肾组织为抗原 ,采用间接免疫荧光法对 1 1 7例乙型肝炎患者血清及 30例正常人血清作抗核抗体、抗平滑肌抗体和抗线粒体抗体检测。结果　乙型肝炎患者自身抗体总阳性率为 1 8.8% ,高于正常对照组 ,差异有显著性 (χ2 =4.1 9,P<0 .0 5 )。自身抗体以低滴度为主 ,多见于抗平滑肌抗体和抗核抗体。结论　乙型肝炎患者存在多种自身抗体 ,观察其自身抗体的滴度与类型对乙型肝炎患者的治疗有一定的参考价值。     

Possibility of early diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in chronic alcoholics determining the N-terminal peptide of type-III procollagen

The authors examined the behaviour of sP-III-P and other parameters in 40 patients affected by alcoholic liver disease (20 of whom with steatosis, 10 with steatofibrosis, 10 with liver cirrhosis) and at the same time in a group of non drinking controls. The levels of sP-III-P appeared significantly increased in the patients with steato-fibrosis and even more so in those with liver cirrhosis, while in those with steatosis the increase was insignificant. The gamma-globulins showed similar behaviour while serum albumin appeared proportionally reduced in the cases in which sP-III-P and gamma-globulins showed a greater increase. The authors believe that the study of sP-III-P is valuable in the follow-up of patients with alcoholic liver disease and in particular in chronic alcoholism to reveal the presence of an increased fibrogenesis.     

自身免疫性肝病相关自身免疫性抗体的特征分析及临床应用价值

目的：观察自身免疫性肝病（AILD）相关自身免疫性抗体的特征分析及临床应用价值。方法：临床纳入自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）、原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）以及病毒性肝炎患者作为研究对象,并选取健康体检者作为对照。检测每组患者的相关自身免疫指标。结果：AIH患者血清ANA阳性率明显高于PBC、病毒性肝炎以及对照组（P〈0．05）。PBC患者血PBC患者血清AMA阳性率显著高于AIH组（P〈0．05）。血清ANA在AIH以及PBC患者中均以高低度（1：1000）为主。结论：每种AILD均伴有其特征性的自身抗体,对各种类型的慢性肝病常规进行自身抗体检测对于诊断和鉴别AILD有重要的临床意义。