新生儿肝炎综合征21例病因学分析

新生儿肝炎综合征２１例病因学分析福建省泉州市人民医院儿科（３６２０００）黄美玲辽宁省人民医院儿科（１１００１５）孙秀菊１一般资料本文２１例中男１４例，女７例。年龄１０２８天，平均１９８天。第１胎１６例，第２胎４例，第３胎１例。胎龄３４周１例，≥３７...     

窒息新生儿甲状腺功能状态研究

近年来发现危重病儿时甲状腺功能发生变化,表现为Ｔ３值降低,ＴＳＨ值正常,临床无甲状腺功能低下表现,称为“低Ｔ３综合征。”为探讨窒息状态下甲状腺功能状态的变化及临床意义。我们对１９９６年８月至１９９７年１２月住院的３６例窒息新生儿进行了Ｔ３、Ｔ４、ＴＳＨ测定,现报告如下。１　资料与方法１１　对象　３６例窒息新生儿,其中轻度窒息２１例,重度窒息１５例,男２４例,女１２例,平均胎龄３９±２周,平均出生体重３１５０±６２０ｇ。对照组２４例,男１６例,女８例,平均胎龄４０±２周,平均出生体重３１７５±５…     

胎传梅毒7例误诊分析

我院自１９９６年１月至２０００年１２月共收治胎传梅毒１０例 ,其中首诊误诊７例 ,兹将７例误诊病例临床资料进行分析 ,以引起相关科室临床医师的重视。临床资料误诊７例中男３例 ,女４例 ;入院时年龄≤１天４例 ,～３０天１例 ,～６０天２例 ;出生史 :第１胎４例 ,第３胎２例 ,第４胎１例 ;早产２例 ,分别为３５周、３６周 ,余均为适于胎龄儿 ;出生体重＜２５００ｇ１例 ;患儿母亲有流产史３例 ,死胎史１例。母快速梅毒血清反应素试验 (ＲＰＲ)阳性３例 ,父母双阳性３例 ,１例拒查。２例母查梅毒螺旋体血凝试验(ＴＰＨＡ )阳性。皮肤损害…     

新生儿窒息时电解质的变化

窒息可引起血电解质的变化 ,特别是血钠、钙、镁的改变。本文对５２例窒息新生儿电解质的变化进行分析 ,现报道如下。资料与方法一、对象选自１９９８年１月至２０００年６月我院新生儿科收治的新生儿窒息５２例 ,其中Ⅰ°窒息２２例 ,孕３９．６周±１．７周 (３７周～４１+５周 ) ,体重３４２０．５ｇ±４８２．９ｇ(２６００ｇ～４３００ｇ) ,羊水Ⅲ°污染１２例 ;根据ＨＩＥ诊断及分度标准［１］,合并ＨＩＥ１０例 (轻度２例 ,中度７例 ,重度１例 )、吸入性肺炎１４例 ;除１例重度ＨＩＥ放弃治疗外 ,其余均痊愈或好转出院。Ⅱ°窒息３０…     

早产儿血胃泌素、胃动素水平与胎龄和出生体重的关系

早产儿生后胃肠激素水平与其能否接受胃肠营养直接相关。因此 ,我们对早产儿的血胃动素(ＭＯＴ)、胃泌素 (ＧＡＳ)水平进行了探讨 ,现分析如下。资料与方法一、对象１９９９年６月至２０００年１０月我院新生儿病房收治的早产儿７２例 ,其中男４５例 ,女２７例 ;胎龄３３．３周±１．７周（２９周～３６周 ) ;出生体重(ＢＷ )１８１８ｇ±３４６ｇ(１２２０ｇ～２５５０ｇ)。产科同期出生的正常足月儿 (胎龄≥３７周、ＢＷ≥２５００ｇ)１６例 ,男９例 ,女７例 ;胎龄４０．５周±１．５周 (３７．２周～４２．０周 ) ,ＢＷ３２４５ｇ±４６…     

早产儿应用脂肪乳剂的安全性研究

目的评价２０％英脱利匹特（ｉｎｔｒａｌｉｐｉｄ）在早产儿应用中的安全性。方法４６例早产儿随机分为４组：治疗组分别于生后第１天（Ａ组,１１例）和第３天（Ｂ组,１２例）经外周静脉按０１５ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｈ）输入０５～３５ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）脂肪乳剂１周;Ｃ（１１例）、Ｄ（１２例）组（不用脂肪乳剂）分别与Ａ、Ｂ组对照,并于实验前后监测血气、血生化、脂肪酸生化指标和血糖的变化。结果生后第１,３天治疗组和对照组动脉血氧分压、氧饱和度、胆红素、丙氨酸转氨酶、过氧化脂质、６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１α、血栓素Ｂ２及血糖浓度差异均无显著性意义（Ｐ均＞００５）。结论自生后第１天或第３天即开始经外周静脉按０１５ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｈ）速率,逐渐增加剂量,从第１天０５ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）,每天增加１ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）,至最大量３５ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）,供给早产儿２０％ｉｎｔｒａｌｉｐｉｄ１周是安全的     

早产儿气道炎症及动脉导管未闭与早期肾上腺功能的关系

早产儿反复肺部炎症及动脉导管未闻（ＰＤＡ）常伴有支气管肺发育异常和慢性肺疾病的形成。现认为早期肾上腺的功能可能与其有关。该文的目的是研究出生第１周内极低出生体重儿的皮质醇含量与肺部炎性标志物，ＰＤＡ和呼吸系统病变间的关系． 对象与方法选择宾夕法尼亚州州立大学儿童医院和新墨西哥州儿童医院的新生儿重症监护病房中的出生体重低于ｌ５００ｇ的极低出生体重儿作为研究对象，其中男７６例，女 ４９例。平均出生体重（１０３３±２５４）ｇ，胎龄（２８．０±２．２）周，剖腹产６０例（４８％），机械通气１１０例（８８％）…     

生长激素神经分泌功能不全患儿夜12小时生长激素分泌相和治疗的…

对生长激素神经分泌功能不全（ＧＨＮＤ）患儿进夜间连续１２小时生长激素（ＧＨ）测定，并与生长激素缺乏症（ＧＨＤ）和正常儿童比较，观察三组儿童ＧＨ均值，峰数和峰值。结果表明：三组ＣＨ平均浓度分别为２．９±１．１，２．５±１．６和５．７±２．０μｇ／Ｌ；峰数分别为１．４±０．５，１．０±１．５和３．３±１．６；最高峰值分别为１６．５±１２．４，１４．３±１６．５和３６．４±１３．７μｇ／Ｌ。ＧＨＮＤ和Ｇ     

围产儿肠套叠临床与病理学对比分析

肠套叠是婴幼儿期最常见急腹症之一,尤以６～１０个月多见,而围产期少见。我院自１９８６年１月至１９９６年１２月间对４９６例各种原因死亡的围产儿及死胎进行尸解,确认其中１１例（占２－２％）为围产儿肠套叠。通过对临床资料分析及套叠肠管的组织切片观察,认为围产儿肠套叠形成的原因、临床表现、组织学特征有其特殊性,现报道如下。１　临床资料１－１　一般资料　围产儿肠套叠共１１例,男７例,女４例;活产围产儿９例,死胎２例。早产儿３例,足月儿８例。孕龄３２＋２～４１周,出生体重＜１５００ｇ１例（死胎）,１５００～…     

2岁内结核性脑膜炎32例临床特征

本文收集我院１９９４年５月～１９９９年１０月间结核性脑膜炎（结脑）２ ａ以下３２例进行分析，现报告如下。 临床资料 男 ２８例，女 ４例。年龄最小 ３个月，＜ １２个月 ２例， １２～２４个月３０例。来自农村３０例，城市２例。卡介苗接种４例（１２．５ ％），未接种或接种不明又无卡介苗疤痕２８例。有明确结核接触史１３例（４０．６２ ％），ＰＰＤ皮试８／３２例中阴性６４例（７５ ％）。病程＜ ７ ｄ１例， ７～ １４ ｄ ８例，～２８ ｄ １４例，１～２个月８例，＞２个月１例。３０例以发热为首发症状，另２例分别以呕吐和…     

Relation between birth weight and placenta weight

With the goal to establish a model that relates birth weight to placenta weight, adjusted for the most documented predictors of birth weight, 300 live newborns were studied, all were products of single gestation. Inclusion criteria were newborns with gestational age of 37 weeks or older according to the date of last menstruation, whose mothers did not have diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia, or eclampsia. The weight of the newborn was identified from the anthropometry data collected by previously trained nursing personnel in each of the participating hospitals. Immediately after delivery, the placenta was weighed. Multiple linear regression was used to see the effect of placenta weight and each variable on birth weight. The mean of birth weight was 3,369 g with a standard deviation (SD) of 445 g. Placenta weight had a mean of 537 g (SD: 96 g). The relation between the weight of the placenta and the birth weight was significant, and we found that for each gram increase in placenta weight, birth weight is increased by 1.98 g (SE = 0.25, p < 0.01) and this relation is not linear, since the quadratic term is significant. Placenta weight has a nonlinear relation to the birth weight and is an important predictor of birth weight. Together with the gestational age and the maternal age and size, it explains 32% of the variability of birth weight. Placenta weight can be a 'sentinel' indicator of nutritional and/or environmental problems.     

Maternal weight gain and birth weight.

The data of first 1000 non-malformed, mature (greater than or equal to 2500 g) singletons of participants in the Hungarian Family Planning Programme were evaluated. The mean maternal weight gain during pregnancy was 13 kg which was modified by the body weight of women. Maternal weight gain exceeded 13 kg in 54% of pregnant women. There was a positive correlation between maternal weight gain and birth weight which was calculated as 26.6 g/kg.     

Maternal weight and weight gain in Africans. Its relationship to birth weight

A prospective study on 600 gravid women, 492 of whom eventually delivered normal singleton babies following uncomplicated pregnancies is described. Maternal weight measurements per gestational age were recorded from the 10th week till delivery in these randomly selected women attending regular antenatal clinic. The purpose of this paper is: to describe the observed changes in maternal weight throughout normal term pregnancy; to see if any relationship exists between maternal weight and gestational age of women entering pregnancy with different weights; and to explain how the weight changes affected the birth weights of their babies. Mean maternal weight gained in pregnancy was found to be 13.3 +/- 4.56 kg for all deliveries. The mean weight gained for mothers who delivered term (37-41 weeks) low birth weight babies (LBW, weight 0-2500 g) was 9.53 +/- 3.69 kg and the mean for mothers who had large for gestational age babies (LGA, birth weight greater than or equal to 3800 g) was 15.97 +/- 2.67 kg and the mean for mothers who had standard or normal weight babies (NW, birth weight 2501-3799 g) was 13.05 +/- 4.86 kg. The change in maternal weight per unit time was found to be constant for all mothers from the 12th week for normal pregnancy till delivery (r = 0.97, P less than 0.01) except in the obese mothers, most of whom had no consistent gain in weight throughout pregnancy (r = -0.32). The mothers who delivered LBW infants gained less in every trimester when compared with the standard (NW). The mothers of LGA babies gained more in every trimester than did the standard.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Postnatal weight changes in low birth weight infants

Postnatal body weight changes were assessed in 385 surviving infants with birth weights of less than 2,500 g. Body weight was measured daily between birth and 45 days of age. Infants were grouped according to 100-g birth weight categories, and mean body weight changes for each group were compared. Initial postnatal weight loss occurred in each group and ranged between 7.9% and 14.6% of birth weight. Mean postnatal weight loss was greater in the lowest birth weight groups, but considerable variability was observed among individual infants. Duration of postnatal weight loss was similar among all birth weight groups. Weight gain usually began between four and six days of age, and the rate of weight gain expressed as grams per kilogram per day was similar in all birth weight groups.