亚硒酸钠治疗慢性乙型肝炎

亚硒酸钠治疗慢性乙型肝炎４０例，结果表明，亚硒酸钠对慢性乙肝病人乏力等症状有明显改善作用，其ＡＬＴ，ＡＬＢ复常率分别为８７．５０％和７８．５７％，均优于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５），说明补硒治疗慢性乙型肝炎有一定的改善临床症状，降酶，长高血清白蛋白的作用。     

亚硒酸钠滴丸制备实验研究

自从1957年Schwarz等发现硒是生命的要素以来,人们开始认识到生物体内因缺硒所引起各类疾病。亚硒酸钠滴丸是一种新型硒制剂,其功能可以抗癌,保护心脏,治疗关节病和大骨节病,预防克山病等。同时硒在人类胚胎发育及成熟时期均有重要作用,缺硒会使动物及人类产生心、肝、肾、肌肉和神经等多种组织病变。实验部分一、仪器与材料亚硒酸钠,北京化工厂出品;PEG,     

口服亚硒酸钠预防克山病效果观察

1981～1983年我们在楚雄市东瓜病区儿童中投口服亚硒酸钠预防克山病,在病情趋于稳定的基础上,从1984年起停止服硒观察,现将观察结果简述如下。一、材料和方法 1.东瓜镇克山病发病特点东瓜镇所属7个办事处,每年均有不同程度的克山病发病,1967～1988年累计新发     

亚硒酸钠预防克山病机理及其毒性

<正> 克山病是一种原因未明的地方性心肌病。临床上分为急型、亚急性、慢型和潜在型。在发病上有一定的地区、季节和人群多发的特点。我国克山病病区从嫩江、松花江流域起,经内蒙东部、陕北、陇东、川西北一直延伸到云南的苍山脚下,其地理分布大致呈东北到西南的条带状分布,病区与非病区地理界限清晰。云南省克山病自1960年在楚雄县吕合公社发现以来到现在已有10个专州41个县有不同程度的发现。克山病发病率及病死率甚高,是病区严重危害人民健康的多发病。     

用鳙鱼判断亚硒酸钠抗三氯甲烷致突变性的研究

硒是一种致癌剂,又是一种抗癌剂。但在亚硒酸钠抗三氯甲烷的致突变性实验中,用鳙鱼作指示生物是否有效,目前未见报导。为此,我们进行了本研究。 材料和方法 亚硒酸钠(化学纯)和三氯甲烷(分折纯),为上海化学试剂厂产。选体长6～7cm     

亚硒酸钠联合抗痨药治疗HBV感染的肺结核病人临床研究

目的 探讨亚硒酸钠联合抗痨药治疗HBV感染的肺结核病人的疗效及对肝功能的影响。方法 将病人随机分为联合抗痨组和单纯抗痨组，定期观察临床症状，体征，胸部影像学改变及痰菌含量变化，并检测肝功能指标。结果 联合抗痨组有效率为91．7％，单纯抗痨组为79．0％（P＜0．05）；联合组肝损害率为11．7％，单纯组为25．8％（P＜0．05）。结论 亚硒酸钠联合抗痨药治疗肺结核优于单纯抗痨药物治疗，且亚硒酸钠具有保肝作用。     

芸香甙的药代动力学研究

目的研究芸香甙在兔体内的药代动力学。方法家兔一次静注芸香甙５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１后，利用荧光分光光度法测定不同时间的血药浓度。应用３Ｐ８７药动学软件程序对数据进行计算机处理。结果芸香甙的药时（Ｃ－Ｔ）方程为：Ｃ＝８５．９７８９ｅ－０．９０４４Ｔ＋３４．５１０５ｅ－０．０５８７Ｔ＋４．３８３８ｅ－０．００４６Ｔ。芸香甙的主要药代动力学参数如下：Ｔ１／２ａ：（０．７６０９±０．１０６６）ｍｉｎ，Ｔ１／２ｂ：（１２．５６６７±３．７１３９）ｍｉｎ，Ｔ１／２ｃ：（１６２．５６５１±５０．６０３５）ｍｉｎ，Ｋ１２：（０．５１２３±０．１３１６）ｍｉｎ－１，Ｋ２１：（０．３２９８±０．０７３７）ｍｉｎ－１，Ｋ１３：（０．０７３９±０．０１８２）ｍｉｎ－１，Ｋ３１：（０．０１００±０．００３７）ｍｉｎ－１，Ｋ１０：（０．０７７４±０．０１６０）ｍｉｎ－１，Ｖｃ：（０．０４０４±０．００４４）Ｌ·ｋｇ－１，ＡＵＣ：（１６７９．７５８３±４８０．６０４５）ｍｇ·Ｌ－１·ｍｉｎ－１，ＣＬ（ｓ）：（０．００３１±０．０００８）Ｌ·ｋｇ－１·ｍｉｎ－１。结论芸香甙在兔体内的Ｃ－Ｔ变化符合三室开放模型；芸香甙在体内的分布、消除迅速。     

Effect of dietary co-administration of sodium selenite on sodium arsenite-induced ovarian and uterine disorders in mature albino rats.

The subchronic treatment of mature female Wistar-strain albino rats in diestrous phase with sodium arsenite at a dose of 0.4 ppm/100 g body weight/rat/day via drinking water for period of 28 days (seven estrous cycles) caused a significant reduction in the plasma levels of leutinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol along with a significant decrease in ovarian activities of delta five, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Delta5,3beta-HSD), and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) followed by a reduction in ovarian and uterine peroxidase activities. A significant weight loss of the ovary and uterus was also observed after this treatment, along with a prolonged diestrous phase and a high accumulation of arsenic in the plasma and these organs. Moreover, sodium arsenite was also responsible for ovarian follicular and uterine cell degeneration characterized by a high number of regressing follicles and a reduction in the uterine luminal diameter, respectively, in comparison with the controls. A dietary supplementation of sodium selenite at the dose of 0.6 mg/100 g body weight/rat/day for a period of 28 days along with arsenic treatment minimized the gonadal weight loss significantly and increased the activities of the ovarian steroidogenic enzymes as well as the ovarian and uterine peroxidase at the control level. Selenium was also able to increase the plasma levels of LH, FSH, and estradiol toward the control level. Vaginal smears showed normal estrous cyclicity in sodium selenite-supplemented arsenic-treated rats along with lower arsenic levels in the plasma and gonadal tissue in comparison with arsenic-only-treated rats. Histological sections of ovary and uterine tissues in the control and experimental groups confirmed that sodium selenite supplementation was able to prevent arsenic-induced histopathological changes in the ovary and uterus. Plasma levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the midbrain and diencephalon decreased significantly, whereas the serotonin level was increased significantly after 28 days of sodium arsenite treatment. All of these parameters were, in most cases, unchanged from the control level when sodium selenite was co-administered with sodium arsenite. Arsenic intoxication was also associated with increased liver weight and elevation in the activities of hepatic and renal acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and transaminases, but selenium co-administration was not able to change these toxic effects of arsenic. The results of our experiments indicate the significant protective action of sodium selenite on arsenic-induced toxicity in the female reproductive system, while there was no significant protective effect of selenium on arsenic-induced toxicity in other organs.     

双氯灭痛在正常人体内的药物动力学研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定了１０例健康人单剂量口服７５ｍｇ双氯灭痛片剂后血浆药浓度，研究了该药物在中国人体内药物动力学。经用ＰＫＢＰ－Ｎ＿１程序包在计算机上拟合计算表明，双氯灭痛口服给药多数人表现为二房室模型。其主要药动学参数分别为：Ｔ＿（α１／２）＝０．４０±０．１１ｈ，Ｔ＿（β１／２）＝１．７７±０．５ｈ，Ｔ＿（ｍａｘ）＝１．７８±０．３２ｈ，Ｃ＿（ｍａｘ）＝１．８７±０．９μｇ／ｍｌ，ＡＵＣ＝３．８１±１．７μｇ／（ｍｌ·ｈ）。结果表明，中国人体内的药动学参数与所报道的外国人体内相似。     

复方亚硒酸钠滴眼液中微量元素锌含量测定方法的研究

目的:建立复方亚硒酸钠滴眼液中微量元素锌的含量测定方法。方法:采用锌试剂分光光度法测定含量,测定波长619nm。结果:硫酸锌在1.14～6.84μg·mL-1范围内,吸收度与浓度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9998);高、中、低3种浓度的平均回收率为99.9%,100.0%,100.1%;微量元素锌RSD为0.83%,0.64%,0.81%(n=9)。结论:测定方法简便易行、快速、准确,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

亚硒酸钠对乙型肝炎病毒的体外抑制作用

目的探讨亚硒酸钠在体外对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)蛋白合成、DNA复制的影响及机制。方法将不同浓度的亚硒酸钠作用于HepG2.2.15细胞系,通过检测细胞培养上清液中乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)水平、乙型肝炎核心抗原(HBcAg)和HBV DNA水平来评价HBV复制情况;免疫组织化学检测HepG2.2.15细胞p53蛋白的表达情况。结果亚硒酸钠对HBV复制具有抑制作用,随着亚硒酸钠浓度的升高,对HBsAg和HBeAg的抑制率逐渐上升,但对HBsAg的抑制作用要小于HBeAg。细胞内HBV DNA复制水平也逐渐下降(P<0.01)。p53蛋白的分布也发生了改变。结论亚硒酸钠对HepG2.2.15细胞HBsAg、HBeAg和HBcAg表达、HBV DNA复制均有抑制作用,作用机制与其干扰p53蛋白的表达有关。     

尖吻蝮蛇毒凝血酶样酶在兔体内的药物动力学

本文采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附检测(ELISA)技术,研究家兔一次快速iv 75,150及300μg/kg的凝血酶样酶(thrombin—like enzymes,TLEs)后24 h内血浆药物代谢动力学。结果表明,TLEs在家兔的血浆浓度时间过程以三室模型模拟较为合适,三种剂量的各参数的均数之间经F检验除中央室表观分布容积外无显著差别。其t_(1/2α)为3.86～5.12min,t_(1/2β)为43.3～59.8min,t_(1/2γ)为17.6～19.5h。     

Comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of amoxycillin using open two and three-compartment models

Summary The pharmacokinetic characteristics of amoxycillin were studied in healthy volunteers after intravenous injection of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1,000 mg, and infusion of 2 g and 5 g. Serum concentrations were fitted using either bi- and tri- exponentional equations. Comparison of the regression curves obtained revealed that the three-compartment model gave a better fit to the serum concentration versus time curve. It was evident that there was a third, slow, dose dependent phase of disposition. This result has been confirmed by the fact that the terminal half life of amoxycillin on cessation of a continuous infusion is significantly greater than after acute administration.This paper was presented in part at the 11th International Congress of Chemotherapy and the 19th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Boston, 1979     

Determination of serum diltiazem concentrations in a pharmacokinetic study using gas chromatography with electron capture detection

An open cross-over randomized clinical trial was performed in nine healthy humans to determine steady-state pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of three oral diltiazem preparations, tablets containing 60 and 90 mg of diltiazem hydrochloride, administered in total daily doses of 180 mg. Serum drug levels were determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection following a simple extraction procedure. Blood samples were collected before and at several post-dosing intervals after administration of the last dose in steady state, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The steady-state diltiazem concentrations in sera were determined 48 h after the first dose, and were (mean ±SD): 46.4 ± 28.1, 60.8 ± 36.3 and 36.8 ± 22.6 μg l⁻¹ for Pliva 60, Pliva 90, and Aldizem 90 diltiazem preparations, respectively. The corresponding elimination half-lives were 5.6 ± 2.0, 5.2 ± 1.8 and 6.9 ± 3.2 h; peak concentrations were 88.4 ± 29.5, 153.5 ± 86.5 and 139.2 ± 72.5 μg l⁻¹, and areas under the concentration curves (AUC 12 h) were 477.4 ± 172.5, 989.2 ± 536.3 and 817.9 ± 494.5 μg h l⁻¹ respectively.     

亚硒酸钠对沙土鼠海马CA1区神经元缺血/再灌注损伤的影响

目的探讨亚硒酸钠对沙土鼠海马CA1区神经元缺血/再灌注损伤的影响。方法采用夹闭双侧颈动脉法制备沙土鼠前脑缺血/再灌注模型,双重染色,电镜下观察各组海马CA1区神经元的超微结构变化。TUNEL染色光镜下观察和计数凋亡神经元,计算凋亡密度。结果硒处理组沙土鼠脑缺血/再灌注后,神经元超微结构的病理形态损伤减轻,凋亡细胞减少,与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论亚硒酸钠对沙土鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤的海马CA1区神经元超微结构及凋亡细胞具有保护作用。     

富硒维酶素的制备和抗瘤活性研究

目的研究富硒维酶素的制备及其所含成分的测定方法和抗肿瘤活性。方法用棉病囊菌经固体发酵利用亚硒酸钠制备富硒维酶素。测定富硒维酶素含硒量和其他成分 ,并与维酶素比较。初步进行对小鼠的抗肿瘤活性试验。结果制备的富硒维酶素含硒量比维酶素高 0 .0 2 6 %。与维酶素比较对几种肿瘤具有不同程度的抗肿瘤作用 ,特别对Lewis肺癌的抑瘤作用达到 37.8%～ 5 1.0 %。结论棉病囊菌可以利用亚硒酸钠制备富硒维酶素 ,后者对Lewis肺癌的抑瘤率比维酶素提高了大约 2 .5倍。