Effects of vibration on contents of micronuclei in polychromatophilic erythrocytes of the rat bone marrow

The paper presents data on the impact of vibration (32 Hz) on spontaneous mutagenesis in mammals. Higher counts of micronuclei were found in the bone marrow polychromophilic red blood cells in rats on day 5 of exposure to vibration, there was a reduction in their counts by day 20 and their recovery by day 30, and their steady-state decrease within 30 days after vibration discontinuation. The involvement of emotional stress in the mechanism of antimutagenic action of vibration is considered.     

The differential diagnosis of polycythaemia--a bone marrow study (the bone marrow in polycythaemia)

Bone marrow sections from posterior iliac crest aspiration and/or trephine specimens have been examined in 39 patients with true polycythaemia, along with a variety of other clinical and laboratory data. The emphasis has been on objective assessment of cellularity and megakaryocyte concentration in a prospective four year study. In patients with untreated primary polycythaemia mean cellularity was 87.0% and 86.4% for aspirate and trephine specimens compared with 55.5% and 48.7% for secondary cases and 48.3% and 45.5% for controls. Eighty per cent of primary polycythemia patients had moderate to marked megakaryocytic hyperplasia. We conclude that, in the presence of an elevated red cell volume, marrow cellularity of greater than 75%, particularly when accompanied by megakaryocytic hyperplasia, of iliac crest aspirate or trephine specimens is sufficient per se to establish a diagnosis of polycythaemia rubra vera.     

新疆大枣汁对放疗小鼠血象、骨髓、胸腺及脾脏的影响

目的 探讨新疆大枣对放疗小鼠免疫功能的影响.方法 ICR小鼠50只,随机分为5组,分别为正常对照组、模型组、高剂量组(100％浓缩大枣汁)、中剂量组(50％浓缩大枣汁)和低剂量组(25％浓缩大枣汁),给小鼠灌服大枣汁10d后,除正常对照组外其余组在直线加速器下进行照射,剂量为4Gy,再连续灌服大枣汁5d后,检测外周血象、骨髓有核细胞数及胸腺指数、脾脏指数并观察脾脏和胸腺的组织形态.结果 新疆大枣汁可明显提高放疗小鼠外周血WBC和PLT数、HGB含量、骨髓有核细胞数以及脾脏和胸腺的脏器指数.结论 新疆大枣对放疗小鼠免疫功能有保护作用.     

^147Pm内污染诱导红细胞系统突变的适应性反应

为探讨低剂量钷－ １４７（１４７ Ｐｍ） 内污染对红细胞系统遗传突变的影响,应用骨髓和血液正常染红细胞微核检测,观察了低剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染小鼠能否改变相继高剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染引起的红细胞染色体的损伤效应。结果显示,１８５ｋ Ｂｑ／ｇ 体重的单纯高剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染可引起骨髓和血液正常染红细胞微核细胞率明显增多,与正常对照组比较有非常显著的统计学差异（ Ｐ ＜ ００１） 。然而,预先应用０３７ ,３７ 和３７ Ｂｑ／ｇ 体重的１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染预处理动物,３ 天后相继给予１８５ｋ Ｂｑ／ｇ 体重的高剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染机体,骨髓和血液正常染红细胞微核细胞率明显减少,与单纯高剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染实验组相比有显著或非常显著的统计学差异（ Ｐ ＜ ００５ 或 Ｐ ＜ ００１） ;并且与正常对照组相比已无显著性差异（ Ｐ ＞ ００５） 。结果表明,低剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染预处理动物,可较长时间诱导红细胞系统的遗传适应性反应,使红细胞系统对相继高剂量１４７ Ｐｍ 内污染引起的染色体损伤有了明显的抵抗力。     

Chromosomal aberrations and frequency of micronuclei in sheep subchronically exposed to the fungicide Euparen Multi (tolylfluanid)

We analyzed chromosome aberrations, micronucleus frequency, mitotic index (MI), and nuclear division index (NDI) in peripheral lymphocytes of sheep subchronically exposed to the fungicide Euparen Multi (containing 50% tolylfluanid). Euparen Multi was administered by rumen sonde to group of Merino sheep (seven sheep/group) at 93 mg/kg body weight (1/20 LD50) daily for 28 days to assess its genotoxic effects. The frequencies of aberrant cells (ABC) in the experimental and control groups were 5.50+/-1.38% and 2.40+/-1.14%, respectively, and the increase in ABC in the treated group was significant (P = 0.003). Significantly increased numbers of chromatid breaks (5.67+/-1.21% against 2.40+/-1.14%; P = 0.001), chromatid gaps (10.33+/-2.73% against 4.00+/-1.23%; P = 0.001), and chromosome gaps (1.83+/-0.75% against 0.80+/-0.45%; P = 0.025) and exchanges (3.17+/-1.94% against 0.20+/-0.45%; P = 0.009) were observed in exposed animals in comparison to control animals. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) was 29.40+/-5.86 per 1000 binucleated cells in peripheral lymphocytes of sheep in the control group and 49.57+/-19.12 per 1000 binucleated cells in the treated group. A significant increase in the frequency of MN in peripheral lymphocytes also was observed between the two groups (P = 0.0477). No statistical differences in MI and NDI values were found in the groups (P = 0.181 and 0.761, respectively). Thus, our results suggest that exposure to Euparen Multi may cause genome damage in somatic cells.     

Omega 3 fatty acids reduce myeloid progenitor cell frequency in the bone marrow of mice and promote progenitor cell differentiation

Background  

Omega 3 fatty acids have been found to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and promote differentiation in various cell types. The processes of cell survival, expansion, and differentiation are of key importance in the regulation of hematopoiesis. We investigated the role of omega 3 fatty acids in controlling the frequency of various myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow of mice. Increased progenitor cell frequency and blocked differentiation are characteristics of hematopoietic disorders of the myeloid lineage, such as myeloproliferative diseases and myeloid leukemias.     

肝卵圆细胞与骨髓间质干细胞经脾移植治疗实验性小鼠肝纤维化的疗效比较

目的 比较肝卵圆细胞(Hot)与骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)治疗小鼠肝纤维化的疗效.方法 以含浓度为0.1%的3,5-二乙酯基-1,4二氢三甲基吡啶(DDC)喂养C57BL/6小鼠,建立小鼠肝卵圆细胞增殖模型,而后利用胶原酶原位灌注及percoll密度梯度离心法分离肝脏非实质细胞,再用免疫磁珠分离纯化出Sca-1阳性的肝卵圆细胞.利用四氯化碳(CCl4)皮下注射诱导小鼠肝纤维化模型.最后经脾分别输入卵圆细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞或生理盐水(NS).4周后观察肝功能各项指标、羟脯氨酸及肝脏的病理改变,比较各组间的差别.结果 在继续注射CCl4的情况下,HOC移植与MSC移植治疗均能改善肝纤维化小鼠的肝功能,降低肝脏羟脯氨酸含量,缓解肝纤维化,但HOC移植组更加明显(P<0.05);在停用CCl4后,各组肝纤维化均有不同程度缓解,差异不明显(P>0.05).结论 肝卵圆细胞经脾注射移植后,能改善肝硬化小鼠的肝功能,减轻其肝纤维化的程度,且效果比骨髓间充质干细胞更明显.     

肝卵圆细胞与骨髓间质干细胞经脾移植治疗实验性小鼠肝纤维化的疗效比较

目的比较肝卵圆细胞（HOC）与骨髓间充质干细胞（MSC）治疗小鼠肝纤维化的疗效。方法以含浓度为0．1％的3，5-二乙酯基．1，4二氢三甲基吡啶（DDC）喂养C57BL／6小鼠，建立小鼠肝卵圆细胞增殖模型，而后利用胶原酶原位灌注及percoll密度梯度离心法分离肝脏非实质细胞，再用免疫磁珠分离纯化出Sca-1阳性的肝卵圆细胞。利用四氯化碳（CCl4）皮下注射诱导小鼠肝纤维化模型。最后经脾分别输入卵圆细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞或生理盐水（NS）。4周后观察肝功能各项指标、羟脯氨酸及肝脏的病理改变，比较各组间的差别。结果在继续注射CCl4的情况下，HOC移植与MSC移植治疗均能改善肝纤维化小鼠的肝功能，降低肝脏羟脯氨酸含量，缓解肝纤维化，但HOC移植组更加明显（P〈0．05）；在停用CCl4后，各组肝纤维化均有不同程度缓解，差异不明显（P〉0．05）。结论肝卵圆细胞经脾注射移植后，能改善肝硬化小鼠的肝功能，减轻其肝纤维化的程度。且效果比骨髓间充质干细胞更明显。     

The effect of aluminum on the stromal cells (in vitro) on bone marrow in rats.

The aim of this study was to describe the effects of aluminum on the stromal cells of rat bone marrow using a combination of in vivo exposure and in vitro culture of bone marrow. The toxic effects of aluminum are manifested by a decrease in the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin level in the peripheral blood. Aluminum stimulated an increase in the number of fibroblasts while the macrophage count dropped. The number of adipocytes remained unaffected. An increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) was also found in the peripheral blood of experimental animals.