原田病药物治疗后吲哚青绿眼底血管造影观察

目的 探讨利用吲哚青绿血管造影检查作为原田(Harada)病临床观察指标的意义.方法 对经药物治疗后19例(38只眼)原田病患者同时行荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)及吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography,ICGA)检查资料进行分析.结果 FFA检查发现有4例(8只眼)视盘轻度染色,视网膜未发现异常改变;ICGA早期及中期无异常表现,但后期8只眼(包括FFA中视盘染色的4只眼)在中周及后极部出现了点状或斑片状弱荧光;3例6只眼FFA及眼底正常,在ICGA后期后极部出现了斑点状弱荧光;24只眼脉络膜大、中血管影像减少,其中12只眼dalen-fuchs结节着色.结论 ICGA可较好提供原田病的脉络膜循环损害的信息,并在评价疗效上有意义.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical value of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA)in patients with Harada disease.Methods Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA)were used for comparative analyses in 26 cases(52 eyes)of Harada disease after treatment.Results Mild dyeing in disk was found only in 4 cases(8 eyes),and the others were not found any abnormal in FFA.There were no any abnormal found in early period and middle period of ICGA,but of 8 eyes(include 4 eyes of dyeing in disk in FFA)multifocal lower fluorescence were found in the mid-periphery and posterior pole of the fundus in the late phase.Of 3 cases(6 eyes)were normal in FFA,however multifocal lower fluorescence were found in the posterior pole of the fundus in the late phase of ICGA.Of 24 eyes were found decreased fluorescence in large and middle choroidal vessel,and 12 eyes of Dalen-Fuchs were colored.Conclusions ICGA may assist in providing valuable information on choroidal circulation of Harada disease and be useful in evaluating the curative effects.     

激光扫描眼底镜同时荧光血管造影和吲哚青绿血管造影

眼底荧光血管造影 (ＦＦＡ)和吲哚青绿血管造影 (ＩＣＧＡ)是检查和记录视网膜、脉络膜血管状态的重要诊断技术。现代的眼底荧光血管造影在 6 0年代就应用于临床 ,人们已经有很清楚的认识 ;而吲哚青绿血管造影是 90年代中期才开始应用 ,虽然目前ＦＦＡ、ＩＣＧＡ的检查在各地已     

视网膜色素变性的眼底荧光血管造影与吲哚青绿血管造影比较

目的　观察视网膜色素变性患者的脉络膜循环特征 ,探讨视网膜色素变性的发病因素。方法　 14例(2 8眼 )视网膜色素变性患者按常规方法行眼底荧光血管造影和吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影。结果　 14例 (2 8眼 )眼底荧光血管造影动脉显影时间 12 .92± 2 .14s。造影早期脉络膜背景荧光暗淡 ,周边视网膜可见细点状色素上皮萎缩透见荧光及色素斑块遮蔽荧光 ,中晚期周边及后极部视网膜荧光素渗漏 ,呈斑片状强荧光。吲哚青绿造影动脉显影时间 13.86± 2 .73s。造影显示周边及后极部脉络膜大片毛细血管无灌注。结论　 FFA和 ICGA造影结果表明视网膜色素变性患者脉络膜毛细血管萎缩造成的脉络膜微循环障碍可能是导致视网膜色素上皮及视网膜感光细胞营养不良的因素之一。     

脉络膜黑色素瘤荧光素和吲哚青绿眼底血管造影五例

脉络膜黑色素瘤是较常见的眼内恶性肿瘤 ,其眼底表现及荧光素眼底血管造影特征已有文献报导 ,而吲哚青绿血管造影 (ｉｎｄｏｃｙａｎｉｎｅｇｒｅｅｎａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＩＣＧＡ)报道较少[1] ,笔者最近遇到 5例脉络膜黑色素瘤患者 ,同时行荧光素眼底血管造影 (ｆｕｎｄｕｓｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＦＦＡ)和ＩＣＧＡ检查 ,现将检查结果报告如下。一、病例简介例 1　 女 ,43岁。左眼视物不清 1年 ,于 1999年 3月就诊。眼部检查 :视力右眼 1 2 ;左眼 0 1,不能矫正。双眼前节及右眼底正常。左眼底视乳头颞上方…     

吲哚青绿血管造影在结节病眼底病变中的应用

结节病性后葡萄膜炎不仅表现为视网膜炎症，脉络膜也可以同时受累，而以往的眼底镜、超声和FA检查对于脉络膜病变只能提供十分有限的信息。本就近年来ICGA在结节病性后葡萄膜炎中的应用作一综述，以期促进对其临床意义的进一步思考。     

高度近视眼荧光素眼底血管造影与吲哚青绿血管造影分析

目的 探讨高度近视眼荧光素眼底血管造影（fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA）和吲哚青绿血管造影（indocyanine green angiography，ICGA）同步检查的影像学特征及其临床意义。 方法 随机选择屈光状态-6 D以上的高度近视患 者30例57只眼，进行FFA和ICGA同步检查，对比分析其FFA和ICGA检查图像。 结果 57只眼中FFA显示早期背景 荧光减弱25只眼，晚期显示新生血管形成10只眼，漆纹样裂纹形成40只眼；ICGA显示睫状后短动脉8只眼，背景荧光减弱35 只眼，脉络膜新生血管形成8只眼，漆纹样裂纹形成52只眼。 结论 高度近视眼的FFA和ICGA 检查的影像学特征主要表现为背景荧光减弱，漆纹样裂纹及脉络膜新生血管形成。FFA 和ICGA 同步检查能更全面地了解高度近视患者眼底视网膜与脉络膜的病理变化，有助于全面地了解病情和指导进一步治疗。 （中华眼底病杂志，2003，19：87-89）     

不明原因黄斑出血的吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影

目的:探讨眼底荧光血管造影不能确定出血原因的黄斑出血的原发病灶。方法:对18例(20眼)不明原因黄斑出血作了吲哚青绿脉络脉络膜血管造影检查及分析。结果:本文结果表明导致不明原因黄斑出血的原发病灶有三类:脉络膜新生血管形成、视网膜血管异常和黄斑区偶发性出血。其中脉络膜新生血管导致的不明原因黄斑出血占多数(14眼),而由视网膜血管异常(3眼)和黄斑区偶发性出血(3眼)所致的不明原因黄斑出血比率较少。结论:吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影对揭示不明原因黄斑出血的原发病灶有非常重要的价值。眼科学报 1997;13:62～66。     

青光眼视盘的吲哚青绿眼底血管造影

吲哚青绿眼底血管造影(ICGA)能较好而直观地显示脉络膜血液循环，近年来，这项技术已开始应用于青光眼视盘血供的研究，以帮助阐明青光眼视神经病变的发生机制。本对青光眼视盘的ICGA造影过程、表现、意义及临床应用前景进行综述。     

吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影Ⅰ.基本情况

眼底镜的发明和眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)的引入,使得对眼底结构和功能的认识及很多眼底病的诊治向前迈了一大步.但由于脉络膜血管被色素上皮及自身色素遮挡,观察困难,对血管构筑和血流动力学及在眼病中的地位和作用了解不多.以前对脉络膜循环的了解多基于离体铺版或血管铸型研究或FFA,这些研究在一定程度上提示了脉络膜血管的构筑,但临床上却需要一种能直接观察循环的动态方法以解决临床实际问题.70年代以来以Flower为代表的研究者们引入吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影(indocyanine green choroidal angiography,ICGCA)^[1]使人们能更清楚而直观地了解脉络膜血循环动态情况,随着技术的不断进步和经验的积累,ICGCA将逐步被人们所认识,ICGCA在一些发达国家已较多应用于临床.兹将ICGCA的基本情况、临床应用及技术新进展分三篇介绍。 （中华眼底病杂志，1994，10：253-255）     

伏格特小柳原田综合征的吲哚青绿眼底血管造影观察

目的 探讨利用吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography,ICGA)检查作为伏格特小柳原田(Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada,VKH)综合征临床观察指标的意义。 方法 对26例VKH患者荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)和ICGA检查资料进行分析。 结果 FFA表现为色素上皮水平多数针尖状渗漏,快速形成多湖状荧光积存。治疗后上述改变很快消失。葡萄膜炎期ICGA表现：①66.7%的患眼为多数灶状弱荧光区域和脉络膜大、中血管荧光影像减少;②70.8%的患眼脉络膜血管扩张;③79.2%的患眼为造影后期显示灶状强荧光区。在病变恢复期,与FFA检查比较,ICGA的异常发现恢复缓慢。 结论 ICGA 可较好提供VKH的脉络膜循环损害的信息,并在评价疗效上有意义。(中华眼底病杂志,2000,16:9-11)     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings of Dalen-Fuchs nodules in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease

Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic findings of Dalen-Fuchs nodules in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. Methods ICG angiograms of 15 patients (30 eyes) with Dalen-Fuchs nodules in VKH disease of between 2 months and 5 years after the initial diagnosis were retrospectively studied. Findings of ICG angiography were compared with features of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Results Dalen-Fuchs nodules were easily found in the inferior (30 eyes, 100%) and temporal periphery (22 eyes, 73%) and showed two kinds of fluorescence in ICG angiography. In ten patients (20 eyes), the nodules showed small round hypofluorescent dark dots in the whole process of angiography, and the dark dots were larger in size than the nodules in FFA. Disease course in these patients was relatively long—between 1 year and 5 years. On clinical examination, the nodules were atrophic, and hyperpigmentation was found around them. In another five patients (ten eyes), parts of the nodules showed small hyperfluorescent dots in the early phase, but they were faint in the intermediate phase and became large, hypofluorescent dark dots in the late phase. Disease course in these patients was between 2 and 8 months. The nodules were bright yellow, fresh, and much larger than those in the first kind of ICG fluorescence. Conclusions Dalen-Fuchs nodules in VKH are mostly present in the inferior and temporal periphery. The two kinds of fluorescence of Dalen-Fuchs in ICG angiography may reflect obliteration of choriocapillaris under the nodules and different quantities of lipofuscin in the nodules at different time points of the disease.     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings in sympathetic ophthalmia

· Purpose: To analyze indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) features in two cases of sympathetic ophthalmia using a standard angiography protocol for posterior uveitis. · Methods: Report on two patients who suffered from penetrating ocular injuries 45 and 8 years before sympathetic ophthalmia was diagnosed and confirmed by histopathological examination of the enucleated eye. In addition to routine examination and fluorescein angiography, initial and follow-up ICGAs were performed. · Results: The first patient, with a phthisic right eye following s shotgun injury, consulted 6 months after cataract extraction in his good left eye for progressive visual loss due to a neovascular membrane in a moderately inflamed eye. The second patient consulted 8 years after a perforating injury of his right eye by a metallic foreign body because of recent visual loss and inflammation in his good left eye. ICGA of both patients showed numerous hypofluorescent dark dots visible at the intermediate phase, some becoming isofluorescent at the late phase and resolving after long-term corticosteroid therapy, others remaining hypofluorescent until the late phase. · Conclusion: The two patterns of hypofluorescent areas, either persisting throughout angiography or fading in the late phase, were interpreted respectively as cicatricial and active lesions. ICGA gave determining additional information on choroidal involvement and on subsequent evolution of lesions. Received: 8 September 1997 Accepted: 8 December 1997     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings of Dalen-Fuchs nodules in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic findings of Dalen-Fuchs nodules in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. METHODS: ICG angiograms of 15 patients (30 eyes) with Dalen-Fuchs nodules in VKH disease of between 2 months and 5 years after the initial diagnosis were retrospectively studied. Findings of ICG angiography were compared with features of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). RESULTS: Dalen-Fuchs nodules were easily found in the inferior (30 eyes, 100%) and temporal periphery (22 eyes, 73%) and showed two kinds of fluorescence in ICG angiography. In ten patients (20 eyes), the nodules showed small round hypofluorescent dark dots in the whole process of angiography, and the dark dots were larger in size than the nodules in FFA. Disease course in these patients was relatively long-between 1 year and 5 years. On clinical examination, the nodules were atrophic, and hyperpigmentation was found around them. In another five patients (ten eyes), parts of the nodules showed small hyperfluorescent dots in the early phase, but they were faint in the intermediate phase and became large, hypofluorescent dark dots in the late phase. Disease course in these patients was between 2 and 8 months. The nodules were bright yellow, fresh, and much larger than those in the first kind of ICG fluorescence. CONCLUSIONS: Dalen-Fuchs nodules in VKH are mostly present in the inferior and temporal periphery. The two kinds of fluorescence of Dalen-Fuchs in ICG angiography may reflect obliteration of choriocapillaris under the nodules and different quantities of lipofuscin in the nodules at different time points of the disease.     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings of chorioretinal folds

PURPOSE: To analyze indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic findings of chorioretinal folds. METHODS: Eight patients (9 eyes) in whom chorioretinal folds had been diagnosed were enrolled in this study. Color photography, fluorescein angiography (FA) and ICG angiography (IA) were performed. RESULTS: Indocyanine green angiography demonstrated choroidal venous congestion and a filling delay of the choroidal vessels in one case with an orbital tumor. In one posterior scleritis case, IA showed a filling delay of choroidal vessels in the early phase and multiple patchy hypofluorescent lesions scattered in the posterior pole during the late phase. Idiopathic cases showed choroidal venous dilatation. No abnormalities of the choroidal vasculature in the form of radial folds, were revealed in two cases of AMD. Linear hyperfluorescent areas suggestive of chorioretinal folds seen on IA were less numerous and wider than those observed on FA in some eyes. On the other hand, they were equally numerous and wider on IA than those on FA in other eyes. CONCLUSION: Indocyanine green angiography is useful for evaluating both pathological conditions of the choroidal vasculature and the width of chorioretinal folds at the level of the choroidal vasculature.     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings in presumed intraocular tuberculosis

PurposeTo study features of Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in patients with presumed intraocular tuberculosis.MethodsRetrospective study of 48 consecutive patients (77 eyes) who underwent ICGA. The following signs were analysed: choroidal perfusion inhomogeneity, early hyperfluorescent stromal vessels, round or oval hypofluorescent dark dots (HDDs), hypofluorescent geographic lesions (HGLs), fuzzy or lost pattern of large stromal choroidal vessels, disc hyperfluorescence and diffuse late choroidal hyperfluorescence.ResultsAmong 44 eyes of 29 patients with no clinical evidence of choroidal involvement, only 7 eyes of 6 patients had no ICGA evidence of choroidal involvement. On the other hand, ICGA findings suggesting choroidal involvement were noted in 37 (84.1%) eyes of 23 patients in the form of HDDs in all 37 (100%) eyes, HGLs in 7 (18.9%) eyes, disc hyperfluorescence in 20 (45.5%) eyes, fuzzy stromal vessels in 17 (38.6%) eyes, early hyperfluorescent stromal vessels in 13 (29.5%) eyes, late pinpoint hyperfluorescence in 11 (25%) eyes and late diffuse choroidal hyperfluorescence in 7 (15.9%) eyes. Among 33 eyes of 19 patients with clinically evident choroidal involvement, the following findings were identified; HDDs in 12 (36.4%) eyes, HGLs in 10 (30.3%) eyes, both HDDs and HGLs in 9 (27.3%) eyes, disc hyperfluorescence in 11 (33.3%) eyes, early hyperfluorescent stromal vessels in 7 (21.2%) eyes, fuzzy stromal vessels in 6 (18.2%) eyes and late diffuse choroidal hyperfluorescence was present in 2 (6.1%) eyes.ConclusionsICGA is necessary in identifying and diagnosing subclinical tuberculous choroidal involvement. The most prevalent ICGA finding was persistent HDDs.Subject terms: Tomography, Outcomes research     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings in central serous chorioretinopathy

There has been great controversy about the pathogenesis of the focal changes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) causing detachment of the neurosensory retina in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). This study was performed to evaluate changes in choroidal perfusion in 15 patients with CSC. Fluorescein and indocyanine green (ICG) angiography was performed in patients with acute or chronic recurrent CSC. In all patients delayed arterial filling followed by capillary and/or venous congestion, in some cases adjacent to ischemic areas, was found in the choroid. Leakage from the RPE in fluorescein angiography was only observed in those areas with choroidal capillary and/or venous congestion. The preliminary results suggest that venous congestion possibly in association with ischemia causes hyperpermeability of choroidal vessels already described in the literature.     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings in serpiginous choroidopathy.

AIMS--Analysis of the choroidal findings in patients affected by serpiginous choroidopathy (SC). METHODS--Thirteen patients (23 eyes; 11 males and two females; age range 50-68 years; mean age 59.1 years) affected by SC were examined with fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). The follow up period was 7-33 months. RESULTS--Using ICGA the disease could be divided into the following stages: (1) subclinical or choroidal stage (hypofluorescent lesions without FA evidence); (2) active stage (with ICGA and FA evidence); (3) subhealing stage (slight late hyperfluorescent lesions with ICGA, with no evidence on FA); (4) inactive or healed stage (hypofluorescent areas with ICGA and hyperfluorescent areas with FA). CONCLUSIONS--Although FA showed a clear distinction between active and healed stages, ICGA allowed a greater subdivision of the disease. In particular, ICGA allowed: (1) better staging of SC, revealing choroidal alterations when there was no ophthalmoscopic or FA evidence; (2) better identification of the active lesions which appear to be larger at the choroidal level in comparison with the corresponding retinal lesions; and (3) revealed a persistence of choroidal activity even when the signs of retinal activity had disappeared. Thus, ICGA should be a particularly useful clinical and therapeutic monitoring tool of SC.     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings in idiopathic choroidal neovascularization

Purpose. Evaluation of choroidal alterations associated with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV) and the possible relation between this affection and Multifocal Choroidopathies (MC). Methods. The authors analysed, using high definition videoangiography, the choroidal findings in 21 consecutive patients affected by ICNV (7 males and 14 females; 19–46 years; mean age: 31.8 years); with a follow-up at 5–30 months (mean 13 months). Moreover, a retrospective study of 20 cases of ICNV (11 males and 9 females; age: 17–39 years; mean age: 29.3 years), with a follow-up at 6–11 years (mean 8.9), was performed. Results. In 7 eyes, the indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) showed choroidal hypofluorescent spots similar to those observed in MC (in 3 cases even in the fellow unaffected eye), in 2 of them the regression of the spots was observed after steroid therapy. In 2 eyes, the ICGA revealed hyperfluorescent spots; in one of them the complete regression of the spots after oral cyprofloxacine was observed. In 6 patients (10 eyes), choroidal permeability alterations could be visualized (in 4 cases even in the unaffected eye). Conclusions. The indocyanine green angiographic findings (hypo and hyperfluorescent spots, choroidal permeability alterations) could support the theory of Gass which considers that ICNV is not idiopathic but secondary to a widespread choroidal inflammatory disease. The similarity of the ICGA alterations in ICNV and MC, the observation that cases of ICNV would become MC in the follow-up, could allow the hypothesis of a close connection between these two affections.     

Indocyanine green angiographic findings in acute retinal necrosis

PURPOSE: To clarify indocyanine green (IA) angiographic features in patients with acute retinal necrosis (ARN). METHODS: Two patients with ARN were examined by fluorescein angiography (FA) and IA, and findings from both were compared. RESULTS: Fundus examination revealed widespread retinal hemorrhages and yellowish-white patches in the periphery, characteristic of ARN. In both cases, FA showed diffuse dye leakage from all retinal veins and the optic disc, and vascular obstruction in the peripheral fundus. In IA, dye leakage was localized, and extravasation of dye was evident only from the lower temporal retinal vein and the lower half of the optic disc. This pattern of indocyanine green dye leakage appeared to be continuous from the optic disc toward the lower temporal retinal vein. Also, IA clearly demonstrated choroidal vascular filling delay in one case in the early phase of the angiogram. CONCLUSIONS: While FA showed diffuse dye leakage from all retinal veins, IA identified only the retinal vessels with the most prominent vascular damage. IA also identified choroidal vascular lesions in these patients with ARN. The information obtained by IA might be useful to detect retinal vasculitis with prominent inflammation and to determine the extent of choroidal inflammation in patients with ARN.