迷走肝动脉合并胃右动脉变异一例

正笔者在解剖1具成年女性尸体时发现其胃左动脉异常粗大,胃左动脉发出分支入肝,胃右动脉起自这支进入肝门的动脉分支,为积累国人解剖学资料,现报道如下。经福尔马林固定的女性尸体,年龄约80岁,身高173cm,体型肥胖,发育良好。采用大体解剖方法切开皮肤,清除腹壁及壁层腹膜,打开小网膜,切除部分肝组织,观察血管的走行与分支。发现腹腔干分支血管行程异常。数码相机拍照,测量。经仔细清理辨认,这具尸体的胃左动脉起自腹腔干右上壁,直径约4 mm。胃左动脉发出后走行约1 cm,继而分     

髂内动脉异常分支1例

<正>在制作一男性右下肢血管神经标本时,见髂内动脉发出一异常分支,查相关文献未见报道,为积累国人解剖学资料,现报道如下:髂内动脉自右髂总动脉发出后,沿盆腔壁向内下走行4.36cm后发出一异常壁支。该变异支以28°角起于髂内动脉,外径2.60mm,走行于臀上动脉与臀下阴部干之间。主干下行0.53cm,在第二骶椎水     

肝动脉变异伴副胆囊管1例

在解剖一具成年男尸过程中见其营养肝的动脉变异伴副胆囊管异常,查相关文献未见报道,为积累国人资料,现报道如下: 该男尸年龄不详,身长174 cm.打开腹腔后,见其腹主动脉于第12胸椎体水平发出腹腔干.走行1.73 cm后分为肝总动脉和脾动脉2支.胃左动脉在腹腔干上方0.57 cm处由腹主动脉发出.肝总动脉外径为5.76mm,向右走行2.47 cm后,发出肝左动脉、肝中动脉、胃右动脉及胃十二指肠动脉4个分支.肝左动脉起始处外径为3.42mm,向右上走行3.74 cm经肝门入肝左叶,沿途无分支,其与肝中动脉夹角为32.5°.     

副肝右动脉合并空肠动脉变异一例

笔者在解剖1具成年女性尸体标本时,发现腹腔干分支异常,除发出胃左动脉、肝总动脉、脾动脉3支外,还发出副肝右动脉和1支空肠动脉,为积累国人解剖学资料,现报道如下. 该例标本为成年女性尸体,来源于标本库,已用福尔马林固定,组织固定良好,用常规方法解剖腹部器官.数码相机拍照,游标卡尺测量.     

腋动脉分支变异与正中神经位置异常1例

笔者在一成年男性右侧上肢标本上,发现其腋动脉分支变异并有正中神经位置(行程变异)异常,较少见,报道如下: 腋动脉第1段发出胸上动脉,第2段发出胸肩峰动脉、胸外侧动脉,这些分支起止、走行、分布基本正常。该例变异主要见于腋动脉的第3段: (1) 腋动脉经胸小肌下缘穿出后,距胸小肌下缘1.0cm处向后发出一粗大分支,该分支为肩胛下动脉、旋     

肝右动脉和胰背动脉共干并起始于腹主动脉1例

腹腔动脉的分支起源变异较多,作者在解剖一具成年男性尸体时,在正常腹腔动脉起始部的右侧0.3cm处和右侧膈肌脚之间,发现一支起始于腹主动脉上的异常动脉干,其分支分布于肝脏右叶和胰腺,此种变异,文献中报道较少,现记述如下。     

右侧腋动脉分支变异1例

笔者在解剖1例男性尸体时发现其右侧腋动脉分支异常,现报道如下:①解剖发现从右侧腋动脉第2段远侧端发出一变异动脉干,长8.1cm,起端外径为7.9mm。②变异动脉     

国人成年男子髂内、外动脉分支的观察

在髂动脉系中,髂内动脉分支的变异很大,因此有不少国外学者曾做过研究,然而对于髂外动脉却注意较少。在国内,最近陶之理曾对国人髂内动脉的分支类型作了观察,傅志良等也对国人异常闭孔动脉进行了调查,但对髂外动脉的分支情况,还未见有报导。作者今就60具成年男子尸体将髂内、外动脉分支的观测所见作一报导,冀能对我国体质解剖学补充提供一些资料。     

胫后动脉发出异常支行于外踝后方1例

制作1成年男性右下肢血管神经标本时,发现胫后动脉发出异常支行于外踝后方(图1),此变异罕见[1,2],为积累国人解剖学资料及为临床提供参考,现报道如下: 该男尸右下肢的胫后动脉在小腿后区走行正常,其在胫骨内踝所在水平面以上0.48 cm处发出异常支,其起始处外径1.82 mm.异常支与胫后动脉呈44.5°在跟腱深面向外下方走行1.93 cm后分为2支:1支水平走行1.88 cm止于胫腓后韧带,其起始处外径1.94 mm;另1支向跟骨外侧走行1.64 cm发出第1分支,止于跟腱深面,再走行0.41 cm发出第2分支,止于跟骨,继续向跟骨外侧走行1.90 cm发出第3分支和第4分支,分别止于足背外侧缘和跟骨外侧,其起始处外径分别为0.80、1.81、1.54、1.90 mm.     

颞浅动脉来源异常一例

在做教学标本时,发现1例很少见的颞浅动脉的来源和行程异常。此种异常与临床上常用的手术操作有密切关系,故报道于后,提请注意。童年女尸,右侧颞浅动脉来源于耳后动脉,分支部位在二腹肌与颈外动脉的交叉点二腹肌上缘,距颈内外动脉分叉处3.1cm,在枕     

Relationship between the audiogram and the duration of the tone measuring the threshold

Summary In addition to the data on intensity-duration curves of the threshold tones, the threshold audiograms are constructed for the different durations of the threshold measuring tone. The durations 0.5; 2; 5; 20; 100 and 850 msec and frequencies 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 5000 cps were used. Even when the duration of the testing tone is so short that this tone becomes a noise, the pattern of an audiogram in cases of normal hearing has some resemblance to the typical audiogram. But the great remoteness of the point for 1000 cps from the minimum zone draws attention. As the duration of the testing becomes longer, the audiogram of a person with normal hearing is gradually transforrned from a V-shaped curve with a sharp minimum into a typical curve with an elongated minimum zone, and the point for 1000 cps shifts from the left ascending branch of the audiogram to the center of the minimum zone. Several audiograms are obtained for 2 patients with a partial hearing loss, resulting from growing age, and 1 patient with a severe hearing loss of traumatic origin. Peculiar changes in these audiogram could be clearly seen at the least durations of the testing tone used. The diminishing of absolute threshold, when the tone duration is prolonged from 100 to 850 msec, is less for the listeners with impaired hearing.(Presented by Academician V. N. Chernigovskii) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 54, No. 10, pp. 21–26, October 1962.