术前介入化疗对直肠癌细胞凋亡和增殖的影响

目的 观察术前介入化疗对直肠癌的疗效及对细胞凋亡和细胞增殖的时相变化的影响。方法 对１２例直肠癌患者术前应用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ法经皮股动脉穿刺插管,选择肿瘤供血脉一次性化疗药物,５－氟脲嘧啶６００ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,丝裂霉素Ｃ１５ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,阿霉素３５ｍｇ／ｍ＾３。分别于化疗前,化疗后２４、４８、７２小时和７￣１０天取肿瘤组织,应用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的原位标记法（ＴＵＮＥＬ）检测凋亡细胞,应用免     

介入导管动脉化学药物治疗对直肠癌根治术后患者生存率的影响

目的 观察介入导管动脉化学药物治疗对直肠癌根治术后患者生存率的影响。方法 采用介入导管动脉化学药物治疗（下称化疗）代替全身化疗治疗直肠癌根治术后患者５６例。化疗药物为每次顺铂３０￣４０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２、５－氟尿嘧啶５００￣７５０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２、丝裂霉素４￣５ｍｇ／，＾２。结果 治疗后无大出血、肠坏死、肝肾功能障碍等严重并发症。经阴访，治疗组１、２、３、４、５年的生存率分别为９４．６％（５３／５６）、８２     

乳腺癌的位置与血液供应及其与术前介入化学药物治疗效果的关系

目的探讨乳腺癌的位置与血液供应及其与术前介入化学药物治疗（下称化疗）疗效的关系。方法应用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ技术对１５例Ⅲ期乳腺癌患者造影,并经乳腺癌癌灶供血动脉采用顺铂、阿霉素、丝裂霉素和５氟尿嘧啶（ＰＡＭＦ）进行灌注化疗。结果乳腺癌的肿瘤供血与部位有关：外侧病灶１１例主要由胸外侧动脉供血,内侧病灶４例主要由胸廓内动脉供血。乳腺癌采用ＰＡＭＦ进行介入化疗后,肿瘤及腋窝淋巴结明显缩小,根治术后１５例均获随访,随访时间２～６年,７例生存期达５年以上,仅２例于术后３年后复发,与同期Ⅲ期乳癌未作介入化疗者相比,复发率明显降低,差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜００１）。结论晚期乳腺癌如无化疗禁忌症,应考虑作术前介入化疗,以提高疗效。介入化疗时应仔细全面观察,确认其主要供血动脉是术前介入化疗成功的关键     

直肠癌术前动脉插管化疗后手术时机的选择

探讨直肠癌患者术前动脉管化疗后的手术时机。方法对２７例Ｄｕｋｅｓ’Ｂ－Ｃ期直肠癌患者,选择肠系膜下动脉或左髂内动脉,以５－氟脲嘧啶６００ｍｇ／ｍ＾２、丝裂霉素１５ｍｇ／ｍ＾２、表阿霉素３０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２、丝裂霉素１５ｍｇ／     

术前区域动态灌注化疗治疗乳癌

目的 评价术前动脉灌注化疗药物在乳癌治疗中的作用。方法 采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ江经皮股动脉穿刺,将导管置于锁肌下动脉与胸廓内动脉开口交界处的近侧,用充气止血带高于患者收缩压阻断患侧肱动脉血流后,注入化疗药物。根据病人情况３－４周重复灌注化疗１次。化疗方案：吡喃阿霉素,或阿霉素,或表阿霉素５０－７０ｍｇ／ｍ＾３,卡铂３００－４００ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,５氟－脲嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ）７５０－１０００ｍｇ／ｍ＾２,甲     

自体骨髓移植保护下对耐药性ⅢB期骨肉瘤实施超大剂量化疗

目的：在大一化疗无效的ⅢＢ期骨肉瘤中探讨克服耐药，提高疗效的方法，并为将此疗法应用于ⅡＢ期骨肉瘤做准备。方法：在４例既往大剂量化疗无效的ⅢＢ期骨肉瘤中进行化疗，化疗前，取自体骨髓血备用，化疗后，于氨甲喋呤血药浓度小于１．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，回输自体骨髓血。设计化疗方案氨甲喋呤５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，阿霉素２５－７５ｍｇ／ｍ＾２，长春新碱１．５ｍｇ／ｍ＾２。结果：４例患化疗后胸痛、胸闷症状缓解或     

乳腺癌的位置与血液供应及其与术前介入化学药物治疗效果的 …

目的 探讨乳腺同位置与血液供应及其与术前介入化学药物治疗（下称化疗）疗效的关系。方法 应用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ技术对１５例Ⅲ期乳腺癌患者造影,并经乳腺癌癌灶供血动脉采用顺铂、阿霉素、丝裂霉素和５－氟尿嘧啶（ＰＡＭＦ）进行灌注化疗。结果 乳腺癌的肿瘤供血与部位有关：外侧病灶１１例主要由胸外侧动脉供血,内侧病灶４例主要由胸廓内动脉供血。乳腺癌采用ＰＡＭＦ进行介入化疗后,肿瘤及腋窝淋巴结明显缩小,根治术后     

消化系统恶性肿瘤术后丝裂霉素和5-氟脲嘧啶的腹腔化学治疗

目的 减少中晚期消化系统恶性肿瘤术后腹腔内复发和肝转移率。方法 术后将患者随机分成腹腔化疗组（观察组）和静脉化疗组（对照组）,观察组５２例,将丝裂霉素６！１０ｍｇ／ｍ＾２和５氟脲嘧啶１￣１．５ｇ／ｍ＾２加入按２０ｍｌ／ｋｇ的生理盐水中,经左右下腹穿刺置管灌注腹腔。对照组５３例,用ＭＭＣ４￣６ｍｇ／ｍ＾２＋ＮＳ２０－３０ｍｌ静脉注及５－Ｆｕ０．７５￣１ｇ／ｍ＾２＋５％葡萄糖注射液５００ｍｌ静脉点滴治     

支气管肺癌的肿瘤血管与染色、病理学和预后相关性

目的探讨肺癌肿瘤血管与染色同病理学的相关性及其对介入治疗预后的影响。方法所有患者按年龄、性别、病灶大小和位置、病理学、肿瘤供血动脉、肿瘤血管、肿瘤染色、手术方式、治疗次数、首次发病时间、首次介入治疗时间、生存时间分组统计,并输入SPSS12.0软件进行系统分析。结果40例连续血管造影随访,治疗前肿瘤染色明显者18例,肿瘤染色一般者9例,肿瘤染色欠佳者13例;末次治疗后血管造影,肿瘤染色明显者9例,肿瘤染色一般者17例,肿瘤染色欠佳者14例;治疗前后肿瘤染色改变统计学处理(P<0.01),其中支气管动脉供血35例(35/40,87.5%),同时肺动脉参与供血者4例(10%),鳞癌和腺癌支气管动脉供血32例(80%)。病理学、介入方法和生存时间之间的相关分析显示有明显统计学意义。结论肺癌的肿瘤血管与肿瘤染色同组织病理学分型不相关,而与病理学分级呈负相关,即分化程度越低,肿瘤血管和染色越丰富。鳞癌和腺癌以支气管动脉供血为主。血管内介入治疗能明显减少肿瘤血管和肿瘤染色,提高支气管动脉内治疗效果。     

术前区域动脉持续灌注化疗并栓塞治疗局部晚期乳腺癌的临床观察

目的：观察术前区域动脉持续灌注化疗并栓塞治疗局部晚期乳腺癌的效果。方法：应用术前超选择区域动脉插管持续灌注化疗结合次要供血动脉栓塞的方案,经治Ⅲａ,ｂ 期乳腺癌患者９ 例。结果：在治疗后的１ 个月内取得良好效果,有效率达８９ ％ （８／９） 。结论：局部晚期乳腺癌术前区域动脉持续灌注化疗配合次要供血动脉栓塞可有效提高术前化疗疗效,显著缩短疗程且毒副反应小、简便,值得推广应用。     

动静脉联合给药的FLEOX新辅助化疗加营养支持提高晚期胃癌可切除率

目的总结动静脉联合给药的FLEOX新辅助化疗加营养支持对以淋巴结转移为主的晚期胃癌的手术可切除率。方法对术前CT检查发现伴有严重的第3、7、9、12组淋巴结转移、或第14、16组淋巴结转移而难以切除的50例晚期胃癌患者进行新辅助化疗：氟尿嘧啶（5．FU）370mg／m^2，静滴，第1～5天；亚叶酸钙200mg静滴，第1～5天；足叶乙苷80mg／m^2与奥沙利铂120mg／m^2经动脉注射，第6、20天；每5周重复1次。其中12例伴有中、重度营养不良者酌情进行肠外、肠内营养支持，状况好转后进行化疗，以使患者获得手术切除的机会。结果50例晚期胃癌患者的影像学及组织学评价有效率（CR加PR）为84．0％；12例伴营养不良的病例在化疗结束、拟行手术前体重均较入院时明显增加，血清白蛋白等营养指标恢复正常。手术切除率为78．0％，全组均成功进行了胃次全切除、全胃或联合脏器切除和D2＋α、D3淋巴结清扫术。结论动静脉联合给药的FLEOX新辅助化疗加合理的营养支持对以淋巴结转移为主的晚期胃癌具有满意的治疗效果。     

术前区域性动脉灌注联合化疗治疗进展期胃癌的初步报告

目的 探讨含紫杉醇脂质体(力朴素)的联合化疗方案行术前区域性动脉灌注治疗进展期胃癌的可行性.方法 84例临床诊断Ⅱ期以上进展期胃癌患者在手术前接受区域性动脉灌注化疗,方案为:5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)1.1 g/m2,顺铂60 mg/m2,力朴素135 mg/m2;10～14 d后接受手术(研究组).同期收治的78例Ⅱ期以上胃癌患者行常规手术治疗(对照组).观察新辅助化疗后肿瘤原发病灶的缓解情况、毒副反应,以及两组问的疗效差异.结果 对照手术组48例(61.5%)获得根治性切除,1年总生存率为74.3%.新辅助化疗组全部完成术前区域性动脉化疗,毒性作用主要为胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制,均属可控范围内(1～2级);其中66例(78.5%)获得根治性切除,较对照手术组提高17.0%(P=0.018);1年总生存率为80.9%,较对照手术组无显著提高(P=0.283).结论 针对进展期胃癌患者,术前以力朴素联合5-FU、顺铂的方案行动脉介入化疗是安全有效的,它能提高根治手术切除率,但两组近期疗效无显著差异,可能与病例数较少和随访时间有关,尚须继续深入研究.     

Treatment of advanced gastric cancer by palliative gastrectomy, cytoreductive therapy and postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: The treatment options for the 10-20 per cent of patients with gastric cancer who present with peritoneal dissemination are extremely limited and no standard approach exists. METHODS: The feasibility of using intraperitoneal chemotherapy to treat gastric cancer with intra-abdominal gross residual lesions after palliative gastrectomy with maximal cytoreduction was investigated. Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy started on the day of operation with 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2 and cisplatin 40 mg/m2 (days 1-3) over a 4-week interval. RESULTS: Of the 53 patients enrolled between July 1994 and December 1998, 49 were eligible. The progression-free survival (PFS) was 7 months and the overall survival was 12 months. In multivariate analysis, performance status was the only significant defining factor for PFS (P = 0.009). The predominant toxicity was neutropenia and nausea/vomiting. The relative dose intensity of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was 89 and 63 per cent respectively. CONCLUSION: Performance status emerged as a major determining factor for prognosis and patient selection for early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer after maximally cytoreductive surgery.     

Salvage chemotherapy with paclitaxel, ifosphamide and nedaplatin for relapsed or refractory germ cell cancer

PURPOSE: Only 20-30% of patients with cisplatin refractory or relapsed germ cell cancer will remain continuously disease free with salvage chemotherapy. Paclitaxel is a potent anticancer agent against a variety of solid cancers. The present study investigated the chemotherapy with paclitaxel in combination with nedaplatin, which is a derivative of cisplatin, and ifosphamide as salvage chemotherapy for cisplatin refractory germ cell cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The combination chemotherapy consisted of paclitaxel 210 mg/m2 on day 1, nedaplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 2 and ifosphamide 1.2 g/m2 on day 2-day 6 every three weeks. Fourteen patients with cisplatin refractory germ cell cancer, ranging in age from 17 to 44 years were enrolled onto the study. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were evaluated for response and toxicity. Patients received 1-14 cycles of the combination chemotherapy. The median duration of follow-up was 34 months (10-64 months). Response rate was 57.1% (CR / PR(m-):8 cases, NC:5 cases, PD:1 cases). Seven patients remain alive without disease. However, 5 patients died of the disease. All patients had grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicity. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the chemotherapy with paclitaxel in combination with nedaplatin and ifosphamide showed a significant anticancer activity for patients with cisplatin refractory or relapsed germ cell cancer. These findings suggest that the combination chemotherapy may be one of the options of salvage chemotherapy for cisplatin refractory or relapsed germ cell cancer.     

静脉结合给药的FLEP法治疗难以切除的晚期胃癌

目的:为提高胃癌新辅助化疗的效果,观察动静脉结合的FLEP化疗方法对难以切除局部晚期胃癌的疗效.方法:2003年1月至2006年1月选择30例难以切除的晚期胃癌,以FLEP法化疗.FLEP方案:5-FU 370 mg/(m2·d),持续静脉滴注20h,第1～5天;四氢叶酸钙30mg/(m2·d),静脉滴注,第1～5天;...     

Randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection for gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival after resection for gastric cancer. METHODS: Patients were enrolled if they underwent resection of gastric cancer but had lymph node or serosal involvement or both. Surgical resection was either total or partial gastrectomy according to the site of the tumor, and surgeons were allowed to perform either D1 or D2 gastrectomy. The subjects were random assigned in two treatment groups as follows: surgery alone as the control group, or surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Nine cycles of 5 days protocol every 4 weeks was proposed to the patients of the chemotherapy group. The protocol included a daily administration of 200 mg/m(2) of folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil (375 mg/m(2) during the first session increasing 25 mg by session until reaching 500 mg/m(2)) and CDDP 15 mg/m(2). Two hundred patients were required. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were compared according to the log-rank and the Mantel-Haenszel methods. RESULTS: In all, 205 patients were enrolled in the study; 104 had surgery alone and 101 had surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients' characteristics were similar except for the mean age, which was 4 years less in the control group. Because of toxicity, 54% of the patients stopped the protocol before the end of the nine courses, and 46% of the patients received the nine courses including 32% with a decreased dose and 14% with a full dose. The 5-year survival rate was 39% in the control group and 39% in the chemotherapy group. CONCLUSIONS: This protocol of adjuvant chemotherapy failed to improve the 5-year survival after resection for gastric cancer.     

胃癌术后辅助化疗两药和三药方案的选择

目的观察性研究胃癌术后辅助化疗中的两药方案（氟尿嘧啶联合铂类）与三药方案（在两药基础上联合蒽环类）对患者预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2004-2008年在上海复旦大学附属中山医院接受上述两药或三药方案进行术后辅助化疗的胃癌患者的临床资料和随访资料．随访终点为死亡或最终随访日（2010年4月30日）。结果共计316例接受过胃癌根治性手术且无远处转移的患者术后4-6周开始接受辅助化疗．化疗方案的选择根据主治医师和患者双方的讨论后决定。两药组210例,三药组106例。其中三药组较两药组年龄略轻（51岁比57岁．P〈0．01）,余基线情况两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。中位随访时间47个月．两药组中位无进展生存期16个月,3年总体生存率59．6％：三药组则分别为23个月和64．8％,两组差异无统计学意义（P=0．656和P=0．293）。严重不良反应发生率两药组21．9％（46／210）。三药组30．2％（32／106）。两组差异无统计学意义（P=0．107）。结论胃癌术后辅助化疗中的三药联合方案未显示优于两药方案。     

重组人血管内皮抑素联合化疗治疗进展期胃癌的初步研究

目的探讨应用重组人血管内皮抑素联合OLF方案化疗对进展期胃癌术后生活质量和生存期的影响。方法将68例进展期胃癌术后患者随机分为两组：化疗组34例,采用OLF方案,奥沙利铂130mg/m2d1,甲酰四氢叶酸200mg/m2d1-5,5-氟脲嘧啶400mg/m2d1-5,3周为1个周期;靶向治疗组34例,化疗方案同化疗组并于每周期化疗第1天开始给予恩度7.5mg/m2,静脉滴注,每日1次,连用14d为1个疗程,间歇7d,重复使用。结果两组1年生存率分别为79.4%、85.3%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;3年生存率分别为32.4%、52.3%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组生活质量改善率分别为61.8%（21/34）、82.4%（28/34）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论进展期胃癌术后应用重组人血管内皮抑素联合化疗可提高患者生活质量,延长生存时间。     

奥沙利铂联合5-FU术前动脉化疗对进展期胃癌的临床疗效

目的：探讨进展期胃癌患者术前用奥沙利铂（OXA）联合5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）行区域性动脉灌注化疗的临床效果。
方法：48例Ⅱ期以上胃癌患者,术前行区域性动脉灌注化疗（A组）,方案为OXA 130 mg/m+ 5-FU 750 mg/m,经股动脉插管行区域冲击化疗1次,8～12 d后接受手术。同期另48例相同临床分期的胃癌患者直接行手术治疗（B组）。两组术后均接受OXA /甲酰四氢叶酸钙/5- FU方案化疗6个周期,观察两组的毒副反应、手术并发症和临床疗效。
结果：A组有38例（79.2%）获得根治性切除;镜检32例（66.7%）出现组织病理学改变,如肿瘤组织坏死、淋巴细胞炎性浸润、癌细胞凋亡、以及间质水肿纤维组织增生等。B组有30例（62.5%）行根治性切除,根治切除率显著低于A组,两组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且B组病理检查未出现上述变化。A组术前化疗的毒性反应均限于Ⅰ～Ⅱ级;两组的术后并发症无统计学差异。A组患者的中位生存期为36.0个月;1,2,3年总生存率分别为79.2%,62.5%和52.1%。B组中位生存期为21.5个月;1,2,3年总生存率分别为66.7%,45.8%和35.4%。A,B组比较,2年和3年总生存率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。
结论：术前应用OXA/5-FU方案行区域性动脉灌注化疗可使肿瘤组织产生显著的组织病理学改变,有利于提高进展期胃癌根治性手术切除率及2,3年生存率。     

米托蒽醌抗性基因在人肝癌组织中的表达及意义

探讨米托蒽醌基因在人肝癌组织中的表达及意义。方法以ＭＸＲ７基因ｃＤＮＡ全长的ＰＣＲ产物经核素「α－＾３２Ｐ」标记,纯化后作为探针,应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交分析,对经病理证实的术前未做治疗的３０例肝癌和癌旁肝组织、１２例正常肝组织中ＭＸＵ７基因的表达进行检测。