谷固醇达克罗宁膜质量标准研究

目的：建立谷固醇达克罗宁膜的薄层鉴别、盐酸达克罗宁的含量均匀度及含量测定的方法。方法：采用薄层色谱法鉴别谷固醇及高效液相色谱法测定盐酸达克罗宁的含量及其均匀度。结果：谷固醇薄层斑点清晰;在选定的色谱条件下,盐酸达克罗宁在1.205～120.5μg·mL^-1范围内线性关系良好（r＝0.9999）,平均回收率为101.3％,其RSD为0.9％（n＝9）。结论：所建方法专属性强,准确度高,可更有效地用于谷固醇达克罗宁膜的质量控制。     

胃舒乳剂的制备与质量控制

目的:制备胃舒乳剂,并建立其质量控制方法。方法:以羧甲基纤维素钠等为辅料制备胃舒乳剂,采用紫外分光光度法测定主药盐酸达克罗宁的含量。结果:盐酸达克罗宁检测浓度在2.0～12.0μg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.38%,RSD=0.47%(n=6)。结论:该制剂制备方法可行,质量可控。     

螺旋霉素药膜配制工艺的改进

螺旋霉素药膜是治疗口腔溃疡、炎症的常用药,其配制难点在于螺旋霉素粉属疏水性药物, 溶解度低,成膜不理想。我科根据原料特性,摸索出一点经验,现报道如下。常规方法是将螺旋霉素粉、盐酸达克罗宁粉置乳钵内研细,加入甘油于少量聚已烯醇胶研成 糊状。移置搅拌下分次加入聚已烯醇胶和适量胭脂红,至全量。搅拌均匀,制膜。由于螺旋 霉素粉属疏水性药物,不能充分溶解于聚已烯醇胶,推膜时气泡多,螺旋霉素粉漂浮于膜表 面,成膜不理想。故我们进行了改进,将螺旋霉素粉加入适量十二烷基硫酸钠,研磨均匀备 用。配置时取混合物、盐酸达…     

盐酸米诺环素膜剂的制备与质量控制

目的:制备盐酸米诺环素膜剂并制定该制剂的质量控制方法。方法:以聚乙烯醇（PVA 17-88）;羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）为成膜材料,制备盐酸米诺环素膜剂,采用高效液相色谱法进行含量测定,测定波长为280nm。结果:盐酸米诺环素浓度测定的线性范围为0.1～2.0mg·ml^-1,r=0.9999（n=7）,平均回收率为98.88%,RSD为0.88%。结论:该膜剂制备工艺可行,含量测定方法准确快速。     

双波长法测定口腔溃疡膜中金霉素和达克罗宁的含量

报道双波长法测定口腔溃疡膜中二组分的含量。盐酸金霉素的测定波长为230nm，参比波长为307nm；盐酸达克罗宁的测定波长为283nm，参比波长为264．5nm。方法回收率101．5％±0．64％（盐酸金霉素），101．6％±0．44％（盐酸达克罗宁）。     

局麻止痛膜的制备及质量控制

目的:制备局麻止痛膜并建立其质量控制方法。方法:以聚乙烯醇-124为基质制备局麻止痛膜,并采用高效液相色谱法测定其中主药盐酸达克罗宁的含量。结果:盐酸达克罗宁检测浓度在40.8~408μg/ml范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9 998),平均回收率为101.3%(RSD=1.3%,n=6)。结论:局麻止痛膜的制备工艺简单,质量稳定,控制方法可行。     

盐酸达克罗宁溶液的含量测定

盐酸达克罗宁为一表面麻醉药,对皮肤、粘膜穿透性好,毒性小,作用亦持久.临床上常配成1%盐酸达克罗宁溶液,1%达克罗宁软膏,1%达克罗宁乳膏及0.3%达克罗宁滴眼液,广泛用     

复方替硝唑褥疮膜的制备与临床应用

褥疮是临床常见病、多发病，目前尚无理想药物治疗。我们根据替硝唑（Tinidazole）的药理作用特点，研制了复方替硝唑褥疮膜剂，经临床治疗褥疮患者49例，取得了较好效果，现介绍如下：1药膜的制备1．1处方组成：替硝唑500mg，谷氨酸锌400mg，氢化可的松50mg，盐酸达克罗宁150mg，聚乙烯醇（PVA－124）1．0g，羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC－Na）3．0g，甘油5ml，吐温—802ml，蒸馏水适量，共制100g。1．2制备方法：取经乙醇处理好的聚乙稀醇加适量蒸馏水浸泡膨胀，水浴使其溶化，为A液；取羧甲基纤维素钠置乳钵中，加甘油和适量蒸馏水研磨，使成…     

导数光谱法测定复方金霉素涂剂中两组分含量

目的 建立复方金霉素涂剂中盐酸金霉素和盐酸达克罗宁含量测定方法。方法 采用零阶导数在368mn波长处测定盐酸金霉素的含量；二阶导数在308mn波长处测定盐酸达克罗宁含量。结果 盐酸金霉素、盐酸达克罗宁平均回收率RSD分别为101．4％、0．7％，100．2％、1．1％。结论 该方法简便、快速、准确，可用于复方金霉素涂剂中盐酸金霉素和盐酸达克罗宁的含量测定。     

制霉菌素口腔贴膜的处方优选

目的 优选制备制霉菌素口腔双层贴膜的最优处方. 方法 选择聚乙烯醇(PVA)和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、壳聚糖作为载药膜的成膜材料,采用L9(34)正交实验进一步筛选处方,以膜的外观、粘附力、口腔粘附时间为考察指标,选择载药膜的最优处方,同时考察不同浓度乙基纤维素空白膜的外观、柔韧性、脱膜性和铺展性,选择空白膜的最优配方. 结果2.5%乙基纤维素乙醇液作为空白隔离层成膜液,聚乙烯醇 羧甲基纤维素钠-壳聚糖(2：1：1)制成的含药膜为最优处方,粘附力适中,外观性状良好. 结论 乙基纤维素-制霉菌素-聚乙烯醇- 羧甲基纤维素钠-壳聚糖口腔双层贴膜可作为口腔念珠菌感染的新型颊膜给药制剂.     

Readmissions for treatment for alcoholism

First admissions and readmissions for alcoholism have risen steeply in recent decades. This study looked at readmission histories for four cohorts of alcoholics first admitted to inpatient psychiatric treatment in 1967-68, 1973, 1977 or 1979. Over the twelve years the first cohort was observed, alcoholics on average spent 254 days in treatment and had 2.14 alcohol-related readmissions. However the distributions were very skewed: 50% stayed less than 92 days and 45.6% had no readmissions at all. All four cohorts yielded similar results over comparable time periods and all showed markedly skewed distributions reflecting the diversity of readmission histories among alcoholics. Policy decisions about alcoholism inpatient treatment must take account of this diversity.     

Projections for insulin treatment for diabetics

The evolution of insulin treatment of diabetes has dramatically changed the natural course of this disease. Modern recombinant DNA technology has brought about many new insulin analogues with improved pharmacokinetics, resulting in better glycemic control. In addition, improved insulin delivery systems, such as insulin pumps and pens, have been introduced to provide convenience and to enhance patient compliance. Efforts are currently being devoted to developing noninvasive insulin formulations, such as oral and pulmonary insulin. A number of products are at different stages of clinical trials. Meanwhile, the quest for a permanent cure for diabetes continues. The frontier of diabetes research has gone through a period of substantial expansion, with the emergence of new areas that include gene therapy, islet cell transplantation and diabetic vaccine. Technological breakthroughs, such as recombinant DNA, nanotechnology, microarray-aided genomics and proteomics, will provide more profound insights into the pathogenesis, and the immunological and biological basis of diabetes. Our growing knowledge in these areas will ultimately contribute to the discovery of preventive methods against or a cure for this disease.     

Control of craving for methamphetamine: development of scales for dependence and search for medicines for treatment]

Methamphetamine dependence presents a serious problem not only for patients but also for society. Medical treatment has mainly targeted psychotic symptoms such as hallucination and delusion, and ignored the symptoms of craving, which are the major cause of dependence. Therefore, the risk of lapse into methamphetamine reuse remains very high. Although development of both medicines and programs for treatment of craving is needed, progress has been hampered by the lack of appropriate scales for assessing the severity of dependence and craving. On the other hand, recent breakthroughs in genomic sciences and molecular medicine have made it possible to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying craving in animals. This paper reviews studies on the development of scales for assessing the severity of methamphetamine dependence and craving, together with recent data on candidate medicines for craving treatment in animals. The reliability and validity of the revised Addiction Severity Index -Japanese version (ASI-J) was confirmed after its administration to 100 drug abuse patients. The Craving Index was also newly developed, and its validity for prediction of relapse was confirmed. In animal experiments, fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, was recognized as a candidate medicine for treatment of methamphetamine dependence.